strokle 
Stroklet, [Also strode, strocl.ir, xfrnkul, xtrn. 
ml; appar. a var., simulating stroke, of strickle.] 
A glassmakers' shovel with recurved edges, for 
handling sand and other materials. Blount, 
Glossographia, p. 615. 
Stroll (strol), c. ('. [Early mod. E. also strmrl, 
stroitle, stroyle; appar. contracted from a ME. 
form "strouklen, < MD. strinjckelcn, D. stntikelen, 
stumble, = MHG. strucheln, G. straiichcln, stum- 
ble, G. dial . (Swiss) strolehen , rove, freq. of OHG. 
strultJioii, MHG. striichen, stumble; = Icel. gtrju- 
I.-H, stroke, rub, brush, flog, etc., go off, stray, = 
Dan. stri/(/e = Svf. stryka, stroke, stroll, ramble; 
cf. Svv. ttryker. dial, strykel, a stroller. Akin to 
xlniggle, q. v., but prob'. not to straggle, which, 
with stroke 1 , etc., belongs to AS. strican, ME. 
striken, go, proceed, wander, = G. strcichen, go 
(> stretcher, a stroller), etc.: see strike, strake 1 , 
straggle, etc., struggle.] 1. To saunter from point 
to point on foot ; walk leisurely as inclination 
directs ; ramble, especially for some particular 
purpose or aim. 
An elderly dame dwells in my neighborhood, ... in 
whose odorous herb garden I love to stroll sometimes, 
gathering simples. Thoreau, Walden, p. 149. 
There was something soothing, something pleasant, in 
thus strolling along the path by the flowing river. 
Mrs. liiihnnt, Poor Gentleman, xxxlx. 
2. To rove from place to place ; go about devi- 
ously as chance or opportunity offers; roam; 
wander; tramp: used especially of persons who 
lead a roaming life in search of occupation or 
subsistence. 
In 1703, "3 strowling Gipsies are ordered down to Hun- 
tlngton to be Tryed for Itobbing two Women." 
Astiton, Social Life in Reign of Queen Anne, II. 222. 
He turned strolling player ; but his force and figure were 
ill suited to the boards. Macaulay, Goldsmith. 
3. To turn in different directions; veer or 
glance about; rove, as the eyes. [Rare.] 
The am'rous Eyes thus always go 
A-strolintf for their Friends below. 
Prior, Alma, ii. 
= Syn. 1 and 2. Saunter, Wander, etc. See ramble, v. 
stroll (strol), . [< stroll, r.] 1. A wandering 
along or about; a leisurely walk; a saunter. 
Bright days, when a stroll is my afternoon wont, 
And I meet all the people I do know or don't. 
F. Locker, Piccadilly. 
2f. A stroller. 
We'll entertain no mountebanking stroll, 
No piper, fiddler, tumbler through small hoops, 
No ape-carrier, baboon-bearer. 
Middleton and Rowley, Spanish Gypsy, ii. 1. 
3. A narrow strip of land. Halliicell. [Prov. 
Eng.] 
stroller (stro'ler), . [< stroll + -er 1 .] One 
who strolls; a wanderer; a straggler; a vaga- 
bond ; especially, an itinerant performer. 
When strovlers durst presume to pick your purse. 
Dryden, Fifth Prol. to Univ. of Oxford. 
He had been stolen away when he was a child by a gipsy, 
and had rambled ever since with a gang of those strollers 
up and down several parts of Europe. 
Ailitismt, Sir Eoger and the Gipsies. 
We allow no strollers or vagrants here. 
Scott, Heart of Mid-Lothian, xxxii. 
Strom 1 t, . A Middle English form of stream. 
Strom 2 (strom), . [Origin obscure.] An in- 
strument to keep the malt in the vat. Bailey, 
1731. [Prov. Eng.] 
stroma (stro'ma), . ; pi. stromata (-rna-ta). 
[NL., < L. stroma, < Gr. mpafia (or/w/iaf-)" a 
covering, a coverlet, < aTjiuvvvvai, aropewvvai, 
spread, spread out, strew: see strew, stratum.] 
1. In limit.: The sustentacular tissue or sub- 
stance of a part or organ, usually of connec- 
tive tissue. 2. In bot. : (a) In fungi, a vari- 
ously shaped more or less continuous layer of 
cellular tissue, in which perithecia or other or- 
gans of fructification are immersed. Sometimes 
called receptacle. See cut under ergot, (b) In 
vegetable physiology, the solid matter remain- 
ing after all the fluid has been expressed from 
protoplasm. Gooclatc.-duicer stroma, the inter- 
lacing connective-tissue framework containing the alveoli 
of cancer-cells Intertubular stroma, the connective- 
tissue framework which supports the tubules of the kid- 
ney, and which contains the blood-vessels, lymphatics 
nerves, etc. Stroma fibrin, fibrin formed from the stro- 
ma of the blood-corpuscles. Stroma of red blood- 
COrpUBdes, that part of those corpuscles which remains 
after the hemoglobin is removed. Stroma of the 
ovary, the connective tissue of the ovary. Formerly the 
ova were supposed to originate in this stroma. They are, 
however, derived from the investing cell-layer or germ- 
epithelium of the ovary, from which multitudinous cells, 
some of them to become ova, penetrate the stroma. 
Stromateidae (stro-ma-te'i-de), . pi. [NL., < 
Stromateus + -idle.'] "A family of acanthopte- 
rygian fishes, typified by the genus Stromateus, 
related to the scombroids and carangoids. 
5998 
They have large dcntigerous or sacciform gill rakers on 
the last branchial arch, extending into the esophagus; a 
single long dorsal fin witll a few spines in front ; and the 
ventrals, when present, generally under the pectorals, but 
in the typical forms more or less reduced, or absent. They 
are small fishes of most warm seas, of about (f genera and 
i~. spei'ies. divided into Strmnateime and Centroli>i>ldnee. 
Also Stromateina, as a division of Scvinbridx. 
stromateine (stro-mat'c-in), a. and n. [< Ntro- 
mateus + -Mel.J I. a. Of, or having charac- 
ters of, the Stromatcidu: 
II. . A fish of the family Strnntateidie. 
stromateoid (stro-mat'e-oid), a. and n. [< Stro- 
mateus + -old.] ' Same as stromateine. 
Stromateoides (stro"ma-te-oi'dez), n. [NL. 
(Bleeker, 1857), < Stromateus + Gr. fHof, form.] 
A genus of stromateoid fishes, with restricted 
branchial apertures. S. sinensis is the white 
and S. cinereus the gray pomfret. See cut un- 
der pomfret. 
Stromateus (stro-mat'e-us), w. [NL. (Linneeus, 
1748 ),< Gr. erpufiartdt, a coverlet, a bag for bed- 
clothes (in pi. patchwork), a kind of fish, < 
arpufia (arpupaT-), a coverlet or spread (in al- 
lusion to the color of the typical species, sup- 
posed to resemble that of a spread or carpet): 
see stroma.] The typical genus of the fam- 
ily Stromateidee, in which the ventral fins are 
lost in the adult, the caudal peduncle is not 
keeled, and the gill-membranes are free from 
the isthmus. There areauumberof spec!es,of tropical 
to warm temperate seas. One of the beat-known Is S. tria- 
cantlms of the Atlantic coast of the United States, various 
ly called butter-fish, harvest-fish, and dollar-fish. (See cut 
under butter-fish.) A very similar species is S. alepidotus; 
another is S. simillimus of the California)! coast, highly 
esteemed as a food-fish, known in the markets of San Fran- 
cisco as the pmnpano. See pompano, 2. 
stromatic 1 (stro-mat'ik), a. [< stroma(t-) + -it:] 
In anat., physiol., and bot., of the nature of a 
stroma; resembling a stroma; stromatous. 
stromatic 2 (stro-mat'ik), a. < Gr. 2rp<i//ara, a 
false reading for Srpu/jantf, i. e. 'patchwork,' 
' miscellany, the title of a work by Clement of 
Alexandria; pi. of arpu/jareif, a coverlet: see 
Stromateus.] Miscellaneous; composed of dif- 
ferent kinds. [Rare.] 
stromatiform (stro'ma-ti-form), a. [< NL. 
stroma(t-), q. v., + L."/ora, form.] In hot., 
having the form of a stroma. 
Stromatopora (stro-ma-top'o-ra), n. [NL. (De 
Blainville, 1830), < Gr. arpi>/ia(T-), a covering, 
+ vopos, pore.] 1. The typical genus of Stro- 
matoporidse. 2. [I.e.] A member of this genus. 
StromatoporidSB (stro'ma-to-por'i-de), n. pi 
[NL., < Stromatopora + -idee.] A family of 
hydrocoralliue corals, typified by the genus 
Stromatopora. They are all of Paleozoic age. 
Also Stromatoporoidea. 
stromatoporoid (strd-ma-top'o-roid), a. and w. 
[< Stromatopora + -oi&] I. a. Pertaining to 
the Stromatoporidx, or having their characters. 
II. n. A member of the Stromatoporidae. 
stromatous (stro'ma-tus), a. [< stroma(t-) + 
-ous.] 1. Of or pertaining to stroma. 2. In 
60*., bearing or produ- 
cing a stroma. 
stromb (strom), M. [< 
NL. Stromoits.] A couch 
of the family Strombidee, 
and especially of the ge- 
nus Stromoiis ; a wing- 
shell; a fountain-shell. 
The best-known stromb is S. 
gigas, whose delicate pink shell 
is used for cameo-cutting, and 
also ground up in the manu- 
facture of some fine kinds of 
porcelain, for which purposes 
it is said that 300,000 were im- 
ported into England in one 
year from the Bahamas. An- 
other well-known species is 5. 
puffilis, so called from the red, 
as if bloody, mouth. See also 
cut under iring-shtll. 
Strombidae (strom'bi-de), 
n.pl. [NL., < Strombus + -idx.] A family of 
tsenioglossate siphonostoinatous pectinibran- 
chiate gastropods, typified by the genus Strom- 
bus; the strombs or wing-shells. The animal has 
an elongate annulated muzzle. The eyes are highly devel- 
oped, at the ends of thick elongated peduncles, from which 
the inner sides of the tentacles, when present, originate. 
The foot is compressed, rather small, and adapted for leap- 
ing. The shell is mostly obconic, with a rather short conic 
spire and an elongate and narrow aperture ; a horny claw- 
like operculum, serrated along the outer margin, is gen- 
erally developed. Numerous species live in tropical seas, 
and some of them attain a large size. The largest is Strom - 
bus gigas, the giant conch of the West Indies, much used 
for cameos, and also as an ornament, especially around 
fountains, whence it is known as the fountain-shell. The 
family is divided into Strombina and Seraphyinsc. See 
cuts under Rosttllaria, scorpion shell, and stromb. 
strong 
Strombidium(Ktrom-bid'i-um), 
n'-dr- and Laciimann, 1859), 
[NL.(Clapa- 
. dim. 
Slronibulifonii Potls. 
a. Of Mtdicagc orbitulat 
. Of Medicago aficulata. 
Of Mrdicaga ciliaris. 
A Wing-shell or Strotub 
{Strombus fugilis',. 
-<oW.] A genus of peritrichous ciliate inf usori- 
ans, of the family llnlti-riidif. These interesting ani- 
malcules inhabit buth salt and freshwater, and, tlinuyh 
there are no ipringing-luin, they are noted for sni-li ac- 
tivity and energy of movement that their examination is 
difficult. They are frei'-swimming, of globose or turbinate 
form, with eccentric terminal oral aperture associated with 
a spiral wreath of erect cirri ; the endoplast and contrac- 
tile vacuole are conspicuous. Numerous species are de- 
scribed. 
Strombiform (strom'bi-form), n. [< NL. xtrom- 
biix + L. fiinnii, form.] Shaped like a wing- 
shell; having the form of a stromb; belonging 
or related to the StromUdte. 
Strombine (strom'bin), a. and n. [< Strombux 
+ -iwe 1 .] I. rt. Of, or having characters of, 
the Strombida. 1 ; stromboid. 
II. n. A stromboid; a gastropod of the fam- 
ily Strombida. 
strombite (strom'bit). n. [< stromb + -ite 2 .] 
A fossil stromb, or some similar shell. 
Stromboid (strom'boid), a. and n. [< stroinli + 
-old.] 1. a. Resembling a stromb; pertaining 
or related to the Strombida; strombiform. 
II. u. A strombine i 
or stromb. 
strombuliform (strom'- 
bu-li-form), a. [< NL. 
'xtrombulus, dim. of 
"strombus, a top (see 
Strombus), + L. forma, 
form.] 1. In geol., 
formed like a top. 2. 
In bot., twisted or coiled into the form of a 
screw or helix, as the legumes of the screw- 
bean, some species of Medicago, etc. 
Strombus tstrom'bus), n. [NL. (Linnteus, 
1758), < L. strombus, a kind of spiral snail, < 
Gr. oryxiu/Jof, a top, a pine-cone, a snail, any- 
thing twisted or whorled, < arpifetv, twist, turn : 
see strobile.] The typical genus of Strombidie. 
formerly conterminous with the family, now 
restricted to such species as the West Indian 
giant stromb, S. gigax : the wing-shells, foun- 
tain-shells, or strombs. They are active, predatory, 
and carnivorous marine shells, much used for ornamental 
purposes. Also called Oalltis. See cut at stromb. 
Stromeyeiine (stro'mi-er-in), n. [As stro- 
meyer(ite) + -ine' 2 .] Same as stromeyerite. 
stromeyerite (stro'mi-er-it), . [Named after 
Fr. Stromeyer, a German chemist and mineral- 
ogist (died 1835).] A sulphid of silver and 
copper occurring in crystals near chalcocite in 
form, also massive. It has a dark steel-gray 
color and metallic luster. 
strommellt, . An obsolete form of strammel. 
strondt, An obsolete form of strand 1 . 
strong 1 (strdng), a. [Sc. strong; < ME. strong, 
strange, strong (compar. strenger, strengere), < 
AS. strong, strong (compar. strengra, slrsengra), 
strong, mighty, = OS. strong = MD. strenge, 
strengli, D. streng = MLG. LG. strenge = OHG. 
strong, strangi, strcngi, MHG. strenge, G. streng, 
hard, rigid, severe, strict, = Icel. strangr = Sw. 
strung = Dan. streng. strong; connections un- 
certain ; perhaps related to string. Cf . L. strin- 
gere, draw tight (see stringent, strain 1 , strict) ; 
Gr. arpayy&f, tightly twisted, aTpa.yyar.-n, a halter, 
etc. (see strangle). No connection with stark 1 . 
Hence strength, strengthen, etc.] 1. Possess- 
ing, exerting, or imparting force or energy, 
physical or moral, in a general sense ; power- 
ful; forcible; effective; capable; able to do or 
to suffer. 
Ther-fore worschip god, bothe olde and jong, 
To be in body and soule yliche strange. 
Babees Book(E. E. T. S.), p. 304. 
What can be strong enough to resist those charms which 
neither innocency, nor wisdom, nor power are sufficient 
security against? Stillingfieet, Sermons, II. iii. 
Enow how sublime a thing it is 
To suffer and be strong. 
Longfellow, Light of Stars. 
When a man is able to rise above himself, only then he 
becomes truly strong. J. F. Clarice, Self-Culture, p. 368. 
2. Having vital force or capability; able to act 
effectively; endued with physical vigor; used 
absolutely, physically powerful ; robust; mus- 
cular: as, a strong body ; a strong hand or arm. 
And he was a moche knyght, and a strange oute of me- 
sure. Merlin (E. E. T. S.), ii. 164. 
Out of the eater came forth meat, and out of the strong 
came forth sweetness. Judges xiv. 14. 
Of two persons who have had, the one the education of 
a gentleman, the other that of a common sailor, the first 
may be the stronger, at the same time that the other is the 
hardier. Bentham, Introd. to Principles of Morals, vi. 9. 
3. Having means for exerting or resisting force ; 
provided with adequate instrumentalities ; pow- 
