Strongylocentrotus 
spherical, + KtnyxjrdY, < nhrpov, point, center: 
see center^.] A genus of regular sea-urchins, 
Common Xew England Sea-urchin {Strongyloctntrotits drottacHi- 
ensis). 
of the family Echinidse. One of the commonest and 
best-known sea-urchins of the Atlantic coast of the United 
States ia 5. drobachien^ia. 
strongyloid (stron'ji-loid), a. and n. [< stron- 
r/i/le + -oid.] I. a. Like a strpngyle; related 
to the genus Strongylus; belonging to the Stron- 
gylidse. 
II. . A strongyle, or some similar nema- 
toid. 
strongyloxea (stron-ji-lok'se-a), .; pi. strongy- 
loxex (-e). [NL., < Gr. orpoyyvAof, round, + offcf, 
sharp. ] A strongyle blunt at one end and sharp 
at the other; a strongyloxeate sponge-spicule. 
Encyc. Brit., XXII. 417. 
strongyloxeate (stron-ji-lok'se-at), . [As 
strongi/loxea + -ate 1 .] Blunt at one end and 
sharp at the other, as a sponge-spicule of the 
rhabdus type ; having the character of a stron- 
gyloxea. Hollas. 
Strongylus (stron'ji-lus), n. [NL., < Gr. arpoy- 
yt'vtof, round, spherical, < "arpdyyew, draw tight, 
squeeze: see strangle.] 1. The typical genus 
of the family Strongi/lida. Miiller, 1780. 2. 
[I. c.; pi. strongyli (-11).] In sponges, a stron- 
gyle. 
strontia (stron'shi-a), n. [NL. (Klaproth), < 
strontium, q. y.] Tfie monoxid of strontium, 
SrO, an alkaline earth which when pure is an 
infusible grayish-white powder having an acrid 
burning taste. It is soluble in water with evolution of 
heat, slaking into a hydrate, Sr(OH>2, which is quite soluble 
and deposits from its solution crystals of the hydrate con- 
taining eight molecules of water of crystallization. The 
hydrate has a strong alkaline reaction, and is more caustic 
titan lime, but less so than the alkalis. Strontia does not 
occur native, but is prepared by Igniting the carbonate, 
the mineral strontianite. 
strontian (strou'shi-an), n. and n. [< strontium 
+ -an.] I. n. Native strontium carbonate; 
strontianite ; hence, also, strontia, and some- 
times strontium. [Indefinite and rare.] 
II. a. Pertaining to or containing strontia 
or strontium Strontian yellow, a color formed by 
adding potassium chromate to a solution of a strontium 
salt. 
Strontianiferous (stron'shi-a-nife-rus), a. [< 
strontian + -i-ferous.] Containing stroutian. 
PhiJos. May., 5th ser., XXy. 238. 
Strontianite (stron'shi-an-It), n. [< strontian 
+ -<e 2 .] Native strontium carbonate, a min- 
eral that occurs massive, fibrous, stellated, and 
rarely in orthorhombic crystals resembling 
those of aragonite in form. It varies in color from 
white to yellow and pale green. It was first discovered 
in the lead-mines of Strontian, in Argyllshire, Scotland. 
strontic(stron'tik), a. [< strontia + -ic.] Same 
as strontitic. 
strontites (stron-tl'tez), n. [NL., < stronti(um) 
+ -ites.] Same as strontia : so named by Dr. 
Hope, who first obtained this earth from stron- 
tianite, or native carbonate of strontium. 
Strontitic (stron-tit'ik), a. [< NL. strontites + 
-ic.] Pertaining to or derived from strontia or 
strontium. 
strontium (stron'shi-um), n. [NL., < Strontian, 
in Argyllshire, Scotland.] Chemical symbol, 
Sr; atomic weight, 87. 37; specific gravity, 2.54. 
A dark-yellow metal, less lustrous than barium, 
malleable, and fusible at a red heat, when 
heated in air, it burns with a bright Maine to the oxid. 
It decomposes water at ordinary temperatures, evolving 
hydrogen, and uniting with the oxygen of the water to 
form the oxid strontia. It does not occur native. The 
chief strontium minerals are the carbonate (strontianite) 
and the sulphate (celestine). Strontium also occurs as a 
silicate in the mineral brewsterite. It has been detected 
in the waters of various mineral springs, as well as in sea- 
water, and in the ashes of some marine plants. Suits of 
strontium are chietly used in pyrotechny, imparting an 
intense red color to names. 
Strookt(struk). An old preterit of strike. Pope, 
Iliad, xxi. 498. 
stroot (strut), v. An obsolete or dialectal form 
of strut 1 . 
strop (strop), re. [The older and more correct 
form of strap; < ME. strop, strope, < AS. stropp 
(= D. strop, etc.), < L. stroppus, struppus, a 
strap: see strap.] 1 . Same as strap. Specifi- 
6000 
cally 2. A strap or strip of leather, thick 
canvas, or other flexible material, suitably pre- 
pared for smoothing the edge of a razor drawn 
over it while it is attached by one end and held 
in the hand by the other; hence also, by exten- 
sion, a two-sided or four-sided piece of wood, 
with a handle and a casing, having strips of 
leather of differing surfaces affixed to two sides, 
and the two other sides, when (as more com- 
monly) present, covered with coarser and finer 
emery or other abrasive powder for use in hon- 
ing a razor. 3. Naut., same as strap, 1 (a). 
4. In rope-making, a rope with an eye at each 
end, used in twisting strands. 
strop (strop), v. t. ; pret. and pp. stropped, ppr. 
stropping. [< strop, n.] To sharpen on or as 
if on a strop or strap. 
Scarce are the gray-haired sires who strop their razors 
on the family Bible, and doze in the chimney-corner. 
C. D. Warner, Backlog Studies, p. 2. 
strope (strop), . A dialectal form of strap. 
strophanthin (stro-fan'thin), n. [< Strophanthus 
+ -in 2 .] An active poisonous principle, said to 
be neither an alkaloid nor a glucoside, found 
in the seeds of Strophanthus hispidus. 
Strophanthus (stro-fan'thus), n. [NL. (A. P. 
de Candolle, 1801), so called from the twisted 
and tailed lobes of the corolla ; < Gr. oTyxtyof, a 
twisted band, a cord (< arp^tv, turn, twist), + 
avdof, flower.] A genus of gamopetalous plants, 
of the order Apoeynaceae, tribe Echitidex, and 
subtribe Neriex. It is characterized by a glandular 
calyx ; a funnel-shaped corolla with five tailed lobes and an 
ample throat, bearing about ten scales within, and includ- 
ing the lone taper- pointed anthers ; and an ovary of two dis- 
tinct carpels, ripening Into divergent follicles with seeds 
tailed at one end and extended at the other into a long plu- 
mose beak. There are about 20 species, natives of Asia 
and tropical Africa, with one, S. Capensis, in South Africa. 
They are small trees or shrubs or often climbers, either 
smooth or hairy, with opposite feather-veined leaves, and 
terminal cymes of handsome flowers which are either 
white, yellowish, orange, red, or purple. The seeds of 
several species or varieties in Africa yield arrow-poison : 
in western Africa 5. hispidus affords the inee poison (see 
poison of Pahonias, under poison), in eastern Africa S. 
Kombe the kombe poison, and some species between Zanzi- 
bar and Somali-land the wanika poison. But S. Kombe is 
suspected to be a variety of S. hispidus, and the third spe- 
cies is probably the same. Since 187S these seeds have 
excited great medical interest as a medium for the treat- 
ment of heart-disease, but their investigation is not com- 
plete. (See itrophanthin.) Several species are cultivated 
under the name twisted-flower. 
strophe (stro'fe), n. [< NL. strophe, < L. stro- 
pha, < Gr. orpotf/, a turning round, a recurring 
metrical system, the movement of a chorus 
while turning in one direction in the dance, 
the accompanying rhythmical (musical and 
metrical) composition/ arptyeiv, turn, twist.] 
1. In anc. pros.: (a) A system the metrical 
form of which is repeated once or oftener in 
the course of a poem; also, a stanza in mod- 
ern poetry. In a narrower sense (6) The for- 
mer of two metrically corresponding systems, 
as distinguished from the latter or antistrophe. 
(c) The fourth part of the parabasis and first 
part of the epirrhematic syzygy. It is hymnic 
in character, as opposed to the sceptic tone of 
the epirrhema. 2. In tot., one of the spirals 
formed in the development of leaves. [Rare or 
obsolete.] Asclepiadean strophe. See Asclepiadean. 
strophic (strof 'ik), a. [< Gr. crpo^oiof , of or per- 
taining to a strophe, < arpoqii, a strophe: see 
strophe.] Of or pertaining to a strophe or 
strophes; constituting strophes; consisting of 
strophes: as, strophic composition; strophic 
poems. 
strophical (strof'i-kal), a. [< strophic + -al.] 
Same as strophic. Aihenseum, No. 3300, p. 123. 
strophiolate (strof'i-o-lat), a. [< strophiole + 
-ate'-.] In hot., bearing or furnished with a 
strophiole or something that resembles it. 
strophiolated (strof'i-o-la-ted), a. [< strophio- 
late + -e<J2.] Same as strophiolate. 
strophiole (strof'i-ol), . [< L. strophiolum, a 
small wreath or chaplet, dim. of strophium, < 
Gr. arpfytav, a band, a breast-band, dim. of 
arpAQof, a twisted band, a braid, a cord, < arpe- 
<t>eiv, twist, turn.] In bot., an appendage pro- 
duced from the liilum of certain seeds, of the 
same origin as a true aril, but less developed. 
Sometimes used interchangeably with caruncle, 
from which it clearly differs. 
strophoid (strof 'oid), . [< 
F. strophoide, < Gr. er/xfyof, a 
twisted band, a cord.] 1. A 
nodal plane cubic curve which 
is the locus of a focus of a 
conic whose directrix and two 
tangents are given. 2. A 
stroyl 
curve which is the locus of intersections of two 
lines rotating uniformly with commensurable 
velocities. See also *''/"/'''"<'' Right stroph- 
oid, a strophoid symmetrical with respect to the line 
through the two centers of rotation. 
Strophostyles( strof -o-sti'lez),n. [NL. (Elliott, 
1824), so called from the incurved style ; < Gr. 
orpd^of, a twisted baud, a cord, +<mv,of, apillar.] 
A genus of leguminous plants, of the tribe Phane- 
Olese. It is distinguished from the related genus Phase- 
olus, in which it was formerly included, by capitate flowers 
with the keel and included style and stamens incurved 
but not spirally coiled, and followed by a commonly terete 
and straight pod with its scurfy or smooth seeds quadrate 
or oblong, not reniform. About 17 species have been de- 
scribed, but some of them insufficiently, natives largely 
of .North America, including Mexico and the West Indies, 
also occurring In Peru, India, and China. They are 
tangled vines with prostrate or climbing stems, usually 
retroreely hairy, bearing pinnate leaves of three leaflets, 
and usually long-stalked purplish clusters of a few sessile 
flowers. Two species, known as u-ild bean, both called 
Pftageoius helcolus by various authors, extend along the 
Atlantic coast northward to Long Island or further, of 
which 5. peditncularis (Phaseolus umbellatW) is a slendu 
twiner of sandy flelds, and S. angulosa (P. diversifoliun) 
a commonly trailing plant extending west to Minnesota, 
and to Missouri, where on river-bottoms a high-climbing 
variety sometimes reaches 30 feet. Another species, S. 
pattcijlorus, occurs in the southern and western United 
States. See Phaseolus. 
strophulus (strof'u-lus). . [NL., dim. of "stro- 
HS, < Gr. orpo^of, a twisted band, a cord: see 
strophiole.] A papular eruption upon the skin, 
peculiar to infants, exhibiting a variety of 
forms, known popularly as red-gum, trliiii-}iuin. 
tooth-rash, etc. 
strosserst (stros'erz), n. [A var. of trossers, 
which is a variant of trousers: see trousers.] 
Same as trossers. 
You rode like a kern of Ireland, your French hose off, 
and in your strait strossers. Shak., Hen. V., ill. 7. 57. 
Sets his son a-horseback in cloth-of-gold breeches, while 
he himself goes to the devil a-foot in a pah- of old strossers! 
Middleton, No Wit Like a Woman's, II. 1. 
Stroud 1 (stroud), n. [Also strowd; origin ob- 
scure.] A senseless or silly song. Jamieson. 
[Scotch.] 
stroud 2 (stroud), n. [Also strowd; origin ob- 
scure.] 1. Same as strouding. 2. A blanket 
made of strouding. 
Be pleased to give to the son of the Piankasha king 
these two strowds to clothe him. 
Journal of Capt. Treat (1752X P- 52. (Bortfett.) 
strouding (strou'ding), n. [< stroud 1 + -ing 1 .] 
Coarse warm cloth ; a kind of blanketing used 
in trading with North American Indians. 
Hazelnuts enough to barter at the nearest store for a 
few yards of blue stroudiny such as the Indians use. 
The Century, XXXIII. 33. 
stroup (stroup), n. [Also stroop ; < ME. stroupe, 
strowpe, < Sw. strupe, the throat, gullet, = Norw. 
strupe, the throat, gullet, an orifice, = Dan. 
strube, the throat, gullet; cf. Icel. strjiipi, the 
trunk of the human body with the head cut off.] 
1. The trachea or windpipe. [Obsolete and 
prov. Eng.] 
He smote him in the helm, bakward he bare his ftroupe. 
Laitgtoffs Chronicle, p. 190. (Halliwdl.) 
2. A spout (of a tea-kettle, etc.). [Scotch.] 
strout, v. An obsolete or provincial variant of 
strut 1 . Bacon. 
Strove (strov). Preterit of strive. 
strow (stro), v. t.; pret. strowed, pp. strowed 
or strown, ppr. strowing. An archaic form of 
strew. 
strowt, [Cf. strow, strew.] Loose; scattered. 
[Bare and dubious.] 
Nay, where the grass, 
Too straw for fodder, and too rank for food, 
Would generate more fatal maladies. 
Lady Alimony, D 4 b. (Sara.) 
strowd 1 (stroud), n. See stroud 1 . 
Strowd 2 , n. See stroud^. 
Strowlt, v. i. An old spelling of stroll. 
strown (stron). A past participle of straw. 
strowpet, n. See stroup. 
stroyt, v. t. [ME. stroyen, by apheresis from 
destroyen : see destroy.] To destroy. Middle- 
ton. 
stroyt, n. [ME., < stray, v.] Destruction. 
Stroyallt (stroi'al), n. [< stroi/, v., + obj. all.] 
One who destroys or wastes recklessly; a 
waster. 
A giddy brain master, and stroyall his knave, 
Brings ruling to ruin, and thrift to her grave. 
Tusser, Good Husbandly Lessons. 
strpyert (stroi'er), n. [< ME. stroyere, by apher- 
esis from destroyer.] A destroyer. 
The drake, stroyere of his owene kynde. 
Chaucer, Parliament of Fowls, 1. 360. 
stroyl*, n. See stroil. 
