suasory 
SliaSOryt fswn'so n I, n. [= OF. .viK/w/Vr = Sp. 
I'g. It. xiuixnrin, < I-, siiiisiiriiix, iil' or pertaining 
to advice or persuasion, < mutxor, one who ;H|- 
vises or persuades. < smutm: adviBC, permiiide : 
see KHinli; xHii.iimi. ] Tending to persuade ; per- 
suasive. 
A Sutumnj or Enticing Temptation. 
/?p. Hopkins, Expos, of the Lord's Prayer, Works, 1. 140. 
SUave (swiiv or swiiv), a. [< F. snare = Sp. Pg. 
Kiinre = It. wiir,< L. snarix, orig. "snadr.ix = ( ir. 
</o/r, sweet, agreeable, = AS. xirftr, K. sii-nl: 
see mrret. Ct. xmn/i-, xinixinii. etc.] Soothingly 
agreeable; pleasant; mollifying; bland: used 
of persons or things: as, a snare diplomatist; 
,<(< politeness. 
Mr. Iliill, ... to whom the huaky oat-cake was, from 
custom, M/r/ir as manna, seemed in his best spirits. 
Charlotte Bronte:, Shirley, xxvi. 
What gentle, mace, courteous tones ! 
Mrs. II. Jackson, Ramona, i. 
suavely (swav'- or swiiv'li), inlr. In a suave or 
soothing manner; blandly: as, to speak .simiv/j/. 
suavifyt (swav'i-fi), v. t. [< L. sitaris, sweet, 
-f fdct'rc, make (see -f>/).] To make affable. 
IIH/I. liu'l. 
BUavllOQUentt (swa-vil'o-kwent), a. [< LL. 
siniri/iii/i(C>i(t-)x, speaking sweetly, < L. matrix, 
sweet, + li>ii/'ii(t-)x, ppr. of lut/ui, speak.] 
Speaking suavely or blandly ; using soothing 
or agreeable speech. Bailey, 1727. 
suaviloquyt (swa-vil'o-kwi), . [< LL. xnnn- 
/iH/iiii/ni, sweet speaking, < iLflMfWOgWM, speak- 
ing sweetly, < suaris, sweet, + loqui, speak.] 
Sweetness of speech. Compare suariloqiient. 
suavity (swav i-ti), . [< F. suavite = Sp. 
suaridad = Pg. suaridade = It. suaritd, soavita, 
< L. stiavita(t-)s, sweetness, pleasantness, < sua- 
vis, sweet, pleasant: see xiiave.] 1. Pleasant 
or soothing quality or manner; agreeableness ; 
blandness: as, nuarity of manner or address. 
Our own people . . . greatly lack suaoity, and show a 
comparative inattention to minor civilities. 
//. Spencer, Prln. of Soclol., f 431. 
The worst that can he said of it [ Perugino's style] is that 
its <x,riii/ inclines to mawkishness, and that its quietism 
horders upon sleepiness. 
-/ A. Symonds, Italy and Greece, p. 75. 
Hence 2. PI. suavities (-tiz). That which is 
suave, bland, or soothing. 
The elegances and mnmtie of life die out one by one as 
we sink through the social scale. 
O. W. Holmes, Professor, vi. 
3f. Sweetness to the senses; a mild or agree- 
able quality. Johnson. 
.She [Rachel] desired them [the mandrakesi for rarity, 
pulchritude, or suavity. Sir T. Browne, Vulg. Err. , vii. 7. 
=Syn. 1. Urbanity, amenity, civility, courtesy. 
sub-. [ME. sub- = OF. sub-, sou-, F. sub-, soit- 
= Pr. sub- = Sp. Pg. It. si<6-, < L. sub, prep, 
with abl., under, before, near; of time, toward, 
up to, just after; in comp., under (of place), 
secretly (of action) ; the 6 remains in comp. 
unchanged, except before c, /, a, p, where it is 
usually, and before m and r, where it is often 
assimilated (sue-, suf-, sag-, sup-, sum-, sur-); 
also in another form subs, in comp. sits-, as in 
suseiptre, undertake, sustinere, sustain, etc., 
reduced to su- before a radical s, as in snspicere, 
look under, suspirare, suspire; prob. = Gr. 
iir6, under (see hypo-), with initial s- as in sitper- 
= Gr. i'vtp (see super-, hyper-) : see up and over. 
Cf. stibter-.] A prefix of Latin origin, meaning 
' under, below, beneath,' or ' from under.' (a) It 
occurs iu its literal sense in many words, verbs, adjectives, 
and nouns, taken from the Latin, as in subjace nt, underlying, 
sttbxcribe, underwrite, subside, sit down, submerge, plunge 
down, etc., the literal sense being in many cases not felt 
in English, as in subject, subjoin, subtract, etc. (6) It also 
expresses an inferior or subordinate part or degree, as in 
subdivide, especially with adjectives, where it is equiva- 
lent to the English -wAi, meaning 'somewhat, rather, as in 
Kubacid, sourish, sitbdidcid, sweetish, etc., being in these 
greatly extended in modern use, as an accepted English 
formative, applicable not only to adjectives of Latin ori- 
gin, especially in scientific use, as in fubalatf, mbcordate, 
subdiiine, etc. , but to words of other origin, as subhorn- 
blendic. (c) It is also freely used with nouns denoting an 
agent or a division, to denote an inferior or subordinate 
agent or division, as in tntbtieacon, subprior, submenus, sub- 
species, etc., not only with Latin but with nouns of other 
origin, as in mbreader, submarskal, rnbfreshman, etc., 
where it is equivalent to under- or deputy, and is usually 
written with a hyphen, (d) In many cases, especially 
where it has been assimilated, as in me-, suf-, surf; nip-, 
sum-, sur-, the force of the prefix is not felt in English, ami 
the word is to English apprehension a primitive, as in - 
cor, suffer, suggest, support, summon, surrender, etc. In 
technical use*?M/- denotes (e) In zool. and anat. : (1) Infe- 
riority in kind, quality, character, degree, extent, anil the 
like. It is prefixed almost at will to adjectives admitting 
of comparison, and in its various applications may IT tvn- 
dered by 'less than, not quite, not exactly, somewhat, 
nearly, hardly, almost,' etc. ; it often has the diminishing 
or depreciating force of the suftix -iA' ; it Is sometimes 
6015 
prefixed, like about, merely to avoid committal to more 
precise or exact statement, hut in a few cases implies im- 
likeness amounting to oppositeness and so to mention of 
Home character or attribute, with the meaning nearly of 
MI /,.,,/, i t ,.. \ particular case indicates taxonomic 
inferiority, or subordination in classiltcatory grade, of any 
group from subkintjdtnn to subrariety : It is the sense (c) 
above noted, ami the same as the botanical sense (2) below. 
(2) Inferiority in place or position ; lowness of relative lo 
cation. This sense is more definite, ami the meaning of 
'lower than' may usually be rendered by 'under, nmlei- 
neath, beneath, below,' sometimes by 'on the nmter xitte 
of.' This rub- is synonymous with infra- or infero-, and 
with hypth, and la the opposite of rupra~ or super-, A.v/wr-. 
and sometlmesirpt'.. (/) In but., (1) with adjectives, literal 
position beneath, as in subcttrtical. subhymenial, tHMfUl ''- 
mal, ntbpetiotar, etc. , (2) with classlncatory terms, a sys- 
tc-inatic grade next lower than that of the stem-word, as 
In suborder, submenus, subspecies; (3) with adjectives and 
adverbs, an inferior degree or extent, ' somewhat, to some 
extent. Imperfectly,' as in tubangvlote, subasceiiding, tub- 
caudate, subconnate, etc. (g) In chem. , the fact that the 
member of the compound with which it is connected Is In 
relative minimum : thus, m&acetateof lead Is a compound 
of lead and acetic acid which is capable of combining with 
more acetic acid radicals, but not with more lead. I As 
rub- in most of the uses noted above Is now established 
as an English formative, it is to be treated, like tinder- in 
similar cases, as applicable in modern use in any Instance 
where it may be wanted ; and of the modern compounds so 
formed only the principal ones are entered below, usually 
without further etymological note. Many of the adjectives 
have two meanings, the mode of formation differing ac- 
cordingly : thus, rubabdwninal, ' situated under the abdo- 
men,' is formed < L. sub, under, + abdomen (abdomin-\ 
abdomen, + -al; while tubabdominal, 'not quite abdomi- 
nal,' is < sub- | abdominal. For the full etymology of 
these words, when not given below, see sub- and the other 
member of the compound. The less familiar compounds 
with sub- are often written with a hyphen ; It Is here uni- 
formly omitted.) 
sub (sub), n. [Contr. of subaltern or subordinate.'] 
A subaltern ; a subordinate. [Colloq. ] 
"Ah, when we were subs together in camp in 1803, what 
a lively fellow Charley Baynes was ! " his comrade, Colo- 
nel Bunch, would say. Thackeray, Philip, xxri. 
siiba, n. See subali. 
subabdominal (sub-ab-dom'i-nal), a. [= F. 
xubabdinniniil ; assuA- + abdominal.'] 1. Situ- 
ated below or beneath the abdomen : as, the 
subabdominal appendages of a crustacean. 2. 
Not quite abdominal in position, as the ventral 
fins of a fish. 
subacetate (sub-as'e-tat), n. A basic acetate 
that is, one in which there are one or more 
equivalents of the basic radical which may com- 
bine with the acid anhydrid to form a normal 
acetate: as, subacetate of lead; subacetate of 
copper (verdigris). 
subacid (sub-as'id), a. and . [= Sp. xubdcido 
= It. gubacido, < L. sitbacidus, somewhat sour, < 
sub, under, + acidus, sour: see acid.] I. a. 1. 
Moderately acid or sour: as, a subacid juice. 
Arbuthnot. 2. Hence, noting words or a tem- 
perament verging on acidity or somewhat 
biting. 
A little subacid kind of drollish impatience in his nature. 
Sterne, Tristram Shandy, vlii. 26. 
II. . A substance moderately acid, 
subacidity (sub-a-sid'i-ti), n. The state of be- 
ing subacid ; also, that which is slightly acid 
or acrid. 
A theologic subacidity. The A Oantic, LX VII. 411. 
subacidulous (sub-a-sid'u-lus), a. Moderately 
acidulous. 
Tasting a thimbleful of rich Canary, honeyed Cyprus, 
or subacidulous Hock. Lowell, Study Windows, p. 291. 
subacrid (sub-ak'rid), a. Moderately acrid, 
sharp, or pungent. Sir J. Flayer. 
subacromial (sub-a-kro'mi-al), a. [< L. sub, un- 
der, + NL. acromion: see acromial.] Situated 
below the acromion: as, a subacromial bursa. 
subactt (snb-akf), v. t. [< L. subactus, pp. of 
subigere, bring under, subdue, < sub, under, + 
a</cre, lead, bring: see act.] To reduce; sub- 
due ; subject. Evelyn, True Religion, II. 375. 
subactt (sub-akf), [ME., < L. subactus, pp.: 
see the verb.] Reduced; subdued. 
In Novemb'r and Mart-he her brannches sette 
In dounged lande subact. 
Palladiui, Husbondrie (E. E. T. .), p. 122. 
subactionf (sub-ak'shon), . [< L. subactio(n-), 
a working through or up, preparation : see st/6- 
<<.] 1. The act of reducing, or the state of 
being reduced; reduction. Baton, Nat. Hist., 
$ 838. 2. A substance reduced. 
subacuminate (sub-a-ku'mi-nat), a. Some- 
what acuminate. 
subacute (sub-a-kuf), a. Noting a condition 
just below that of acuteness, in any sense. 
subacutely (sub-a-kut'li), adv. In a subacute 
manner, 
subaerial (sub-a-e'ri-al), a. In geol., formed, 
produced, or deposited in the open air, and not 
beneath the sea, or under water, or below the 
subandean 
surface; not Hulinuiriin- 01- siiliierr:tncan : thus, 
mtaiHaldaiadatlra orcrusion. SeeaWi/jw', L'. 
SUbagency (sub-a'jen-si), n. A delegated 
agency. 
subagent (sur>a'jcnt), . In lair, the agent of 
nn n^ent. 
subah (sS'bii), n. [Also si/fta, soubah; < IVrs. 
Hind, xiilmii. :i province.] 1. A division or 
province of the Mogul empire. >'/< inul Iinr- 
iii-ll. 2. An abbreviation of subahdar. 
SUbahdar (so-lia-diir'), . [Also soubalulm; 
xiiiilimtiir; < Pefs. Hind, sulxtliddr, < subali. :< 
province, + -dar, holding, keeping.] 1. Origi- 
nally, a lord of a subah or province; hence, a 
local commandant or chief officer. 2. The 
chief native officer of a company of sepoys. 
Yule and /lurui'll. 
subaid (sub-ad' ), v. t. To give secret or private 
aid to. Daniel. [Rare.] 
subalmoner (sub-al'mon-er), n. A subordinate 
almoner. Wood. 
Bubalpine (sub-al'pin ), a. [= F. subalpin = Pg. 
siiliiil/iii/n, < \i. tiiiiin/iiiHitx, lying near the Alps, 
<s6, under, + dlpiniM, Alpine: see alpine.'] 1. 
Living or growing on mountains at an elevation 
next below the height called alpine. 2. Lower 
Alpine : applied to that part or zone of the 
Alps which lies between the so-called "high- 
land " zone and the "Alpine " zone proper. It ex- 
tends between the elevations of 4,000 and 5,600 feet approxi- 
mately, and Is especially characterized by the presence of 
coniferous trees, chiefly lira, which cover a large part of 
1U surface. Large timber-trees rarely reach much above 
its upper border. Below the subalpine zone is the highland 
or mountain zone, the region of deciduous trees, and above 
it the Alpine, which, as this term is generally used, em- 
braces the region extending between the upper limit of 
trees and the first appearance of permanent snow. Still 
higher up is the glacial region, comprehending all that 
part of the Alps which rises above the limit of perpetual 
'snow. The terms alpine and subalpine are sometimes ap- 
plied to other mountain-chains than the Alps, with sign ill 
cation more or less vaguely accordant with their applica- 
tion to that chain. 
subaltern (sub'al-tern or su-bal'tern, the for- 
mer always in the logical sense), a. and n. [< 
F.subalterne = Sp. Pg. It. subalterno, < ML. sub- 
alternus, subaltern, < L. SM&, under, + alternux, 
one after the other, alternate : see altern.~\ I. 
a. Having an inferior or subordinate position ; 
subordinate; specifically (mil it.), holding the 
rank of a junior officer usually below the rank 
of captain. 
To this system of religion were tagged several subaltern 
doctrines. Sic(ft, Tale of a Tub, 11. 
Subaltern genus, opposition, proposition, etc. See 
the nouns. 
II. n. A subaltern officer; a subordinate. 
subalternant (sub-al-ter'nant), a. and n. [= 
Sp. It. subalternante ; as subaltern + -ant.] I. 
a. In logic, universal, as opposed to particular. 
II. w. A universal. 
subalternate (sub-al-ter'niit), a. and n. [< tmb- 
altern + -ate 1 .] I. . 1. Successive; succeed- 
ing by turns. Imp. Diet. 2. Subordinate ; sub- 
altern; inferior. Canon Tooker. 
II. H. In logic, a particular, as opposed to a 
universal. 
SUbalternating (sub-al-ter'na-ting), a. Suc- 
ceeding by turns ; successive. Imp. Diet. 
subalternation (sub-al-ter-na'shon), M. [= Pg. 
subatternaqa'o; a.s subaltf mate + -ion.] 1. The 
state of inferiority or subjection ; the state of 
being subalternate ; succession by turns. Hook- 
er, Eccles. Polity, v. 73. 2. In logic, an imme- 
diate inference from a universal to a particular 
under it: as, every griffin breathes fire; there- 
fore, some animals breathe fire. Some logicians 
do not admit the validity of this inference. 
subanal (sub-a'nal), a. [< L. sub, under, + aim*, 
anus: see anal.] Situated under the anus : spe- 
cifically noting a plate or other formation in 
echinoderms. Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc. , XLV. &44. 
subancestral (sub-an-ses'tral), a. Of collateral 
ancestry or derivation ; not in the direct line of 
descent. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XI. 588. 
subanconeal (sub-ang-ko'ne-al), a. [< L. sub, 
under, + NL. anconeiis : see Hiiconeal.] Situ- 
ated underneath the anconeus. 
subanconeus (sub-ang-ko-ne'us), n.; pi. siiban- 
-i). [NL., < L. sub, under, + NL. nc- 
, q. v.] A small muscle of the back of the 
elbow, arising from the humerus just above the 
olecranon fossa, and inserted into the capsular 
ligament of the elbow-joint. It resembles the 
subcruneus of the knee. 
subandean (sub-an'de-an). a. [< sub- + Jnde* : 
see Andean.] In ;m'igco</., subjacent with ref- 
erence to certain parts of the Andes, and no- 
where attaining an altitude so great as that 
