sublimate 
sublimate (sub'li-mat), r. >.; prot. and lip. siih- 
Ullllltl'll, ppl 1 . .lllbtillKI/illl/. I < \l. Xlllllilll/ltKX. pp. 
of mdilimiin; lift up on high, raise: sec snbtiim; 
>'.] 1. To bring (a solid substance, such a* 
camphor or sulphur) by heat into the state of 
vapor, which on cooling returns again to the 
solid state. Sec siibliiiHilioit. 2. To extract 
liy or as liy .subliinittioii. 
It will In' a hauler alchymy then Lulling ever knew to 
mbliniiil :iay K""il use nut uf such an invention. 
Millint. Arcopagitica, p. IS. 
You that have put so fair for the philosopher's stono 
that you have endeavoured lowUfmatfl it out of poor men's 
bones ground to powder by your oppressions. 
Her. T. Aitnmi, Works, I. 390. 
3. Figuratively, to deprive of earthly dross; 
elevate; rolhie; purify; idealize. 
And when [the Sultan is] in Mute, there is not in the 
woild to he seen a greater spectacle of humane glory, and 
of mbliinntnl manhood. Sandys, Travafles, p. 69. 
I can conceive nothing more sublimati'ity than the 
strange peril and novelty of an adventure such at* this. 
Pot. Tales, I. 97. 
The atmosphere was light, odor, music ; and each and 
all fibliiiiali'il lieynnd anything the soher senses arc capa- 
hie of receiving. B. Taylor, Lands of the Saracen, p. 139. 
sublimate (sub'li-mat as adj., -mat as noun), 
a. and H. [< L. mibliiHiitux, pp. otsitbliiiiarc, lift 
on high: sec xnbliiiuitr, r.] I. a. Brought into 
a state of vapor by heat, and again condensed, 
as camphor, sulphur, etc. ; hence, elevated ; 
purified. 
Offering her selfe more sublimate and pure, in the sacred 
name and rites of Religion. I'urchas, Pilgrimage, p. 300. 
II. H. 1. Anything produced by sublimation 
or refining. 2. In mineral., the deposit formed, 
as in a glass tube or on a surface of charcoal, 
when a mineral containing a volatile ingredient 
is heated before the blowpipe Blue sublimate, 
a preparation of mercury in comhination with flowers of 
sulphur and sal ammoniac, used in painting. Corro- 
sive sublimate. See corrosive. 
sublimation (sub-li-rua'shon), n. [< ME. mow- 
nine /'),< OF. (and F.) sublimation = Sp. xiibli- 
nKK-ion = Pg. sublimaqSo = It. subUmasiont, < 
LL. sublimatio(n-), a lifting up, a deliverance, 
< L. sublimate, lift up : see sublimate, sublime, r.] 
1. In ehem., the act or process of sublimating; 
a process by which solid substances are, by the 
aid of heat, con verted into vapor, which is again 
condensed into the solid state by the applica- 
tion of cold. Sn 1 1) i n iat ion effects for solids to some ex- 
tent what distillation effects for liquids. Both processes 
purify the substances to which they are severally applied, 
by separating them from the fixed matters with which they 
are associated. Sublimation is usually conducted in one 
vessel, the product being deposited in the upper part of 
the vesselin a solid state, and of ten in the crystalline form, 
while the impurity remains in the lower part. The vapors 
of some substances which undergo the process of sublima- 
tion condense in the form of a fine powder called Jtouvrs; 
such are the flowers of sulphur, flowers of benzoin, etc. 
Other sublimates are obtained in a solid and compact 
form, as camphor, ammonium chlorid, and all the subli- 
mates of mercury. 
The quint essencia therof is natural) Incorruptible, the 
which je schal drawe out by sttblymncioun. 
Book of Quinte Essence(eA. Furnivall), p. 4. 
2. The act of heightening, refining, purifying, 
or freeing (something) from baser qualities: 
as, the sublinKitinn of the affections. 3. That 
which has been highly refined or purified ; 
hence, the highest product of anything. 
Religion Is the perfection, refinement, and sublimation 
of morality. South. 
His verse was the sublimation of his rarest mood. 
Stedman, Poets of America, p. 178. 
Sublimation tneory, in geol. and mining, the theory 
according to which ore-deposits were formed and vein- 
flssures filled by the volatilization of metalliferous matter 
from beneath, or from the ignited interior of the earth, 
sublimatory (sub'li-ma-to-ri), a. and . [< ME. 
xiib/i/itiliiric = F.subUiiiiiioire, <l,li.subliniator, 
a lifter, < L. siMimare, lift up : see sublimate. ] I. 
. Tending to sublimate; used in sublimation. 
II. n. ; pi. tiitbliiHittories (-riz). A vessel for 
sublimation. 
Violes, croslets, and sublymatories. 
Chaucer, Prol. to Canon's Yeoman's Tale, 1. 240. 
sublime (sub-lira'), a. and . [= F. sublime = 
Sp. Pg. It. sublime. < L. sublimis, uplifted, high, 
lofty, sublime ; origin unknown.] I. . It. High 
in place; uplifted; elevated; exalted; lofty. 
Lluc to thy selfe, pursue not after Fame ; 
Thunders at the sttblimest buildings ainie. 
Heyicood, Hierarchy of Angels, p. 532. 
Sublime on these a tow'r of steel Is rear'd. 
Dryden, .Knei.l, vi. 748. 
2. High in excellence; elevated by nature; 
exalted above men in general by lofty or noble 
traits ; eminent : said of persons. 
The age was fruitful in great men, but amongst them 
all, if we except the ttiblitne Julian leader, none, as re- 
6023 
gards splendour of endowments, stood upon the same 
level as t'lcero. De Quiiuxy, ( 'icero. 
Here dwells no perfect man sublime, 
Nor woman winged before her time. 
If hittier, Last Walk In Autumn. 
3. Striking the mind with a sense of grandeur 
or power, physical or moral ; calculated to 
awaken awe, veneration, exalted or heroic feel- 
ing, and the like; lofty; grand; noble: not- 
ing a natural object or scenery, an action or 
conduct, a discourse, a work of man's hands, 
a spectacle, etc.: as, sublime scenery; sulilinn 
heroism. 
Easy In Words thy Style, in sense ntUimr. 
Prior, To Dr. Sherlock. 
Know how sulilime a thing it Is 
To suffer and be strung. 
Lomjfettov, Light of Stan. 
The forms of elevated masses that are most sublime are 
the lofty and precipitous, as implying the most intense 
etfort of supporting might. 
A. Bain, Emotions and Will, p. 238. 
Dinah, covered with her long white dress, her pale face 
full of subdued emotion, almost like a lovely corpse Into 
liieh the soul has returned charged with mblimer secrets 
and a tuNimer love. Qeeryt Eliot, Adam Bedc, xv. 
4. Of lofty mien ; elevated in manner, expres- 
sion, or appearance. 
His fair large front and eye sublime declared 
Absolute rule. Miltnn, P. L., Iv. 300. 
For the proud Souldan, with presumpteous chearo 
And countenance sublime and insolent, 
Sought onely slaughter and aveugement. 
Spenstr, F. Q., V. vlll. 30. 
5. In aitdt., superficial; not deep-seated: op- 
posed to profound: as, the sublime flexor of the 
fingers (the flexor sublimis, a muscle) Sublime 
geometry, the theory of higher curves. Sublime Porte. 
See Porte. = Syn. 2 and 3. Grand, Lofty, Sublime, majestic, 
stately. Grand founds its meanings on the idea of great 
size, lofty and sublime on that of height. Natural objects 
may be 'tiMimr without physical height, if vastness and 
great Impresslveness are present. In the moral field the 
sublime is that which is so high above ordinary human 
achievements as to give the impression of astonishment 
blended with awe, as the leap of Curtius into the chasm, 
or the death of the martyr Stephen. In moral things the 
grand suggests both vastness and elevation. Lofty may 
Imply pride, but in this connection it notes only a lower 
degree of the sublime, sublime being the strongest word in 
the language for Ideas of its class. 
II. H. That which is sublime: commonly with 
the definite article, (a) In lit., that which Is most 
elevated, stately, or imposing in style. 
The sublime rises from the nobleness of thoughts, the 
magnificence of words, or the harmonious and lively turn 
of the phrase. Addison. 
The origin of the sublime is one of the most curious and 
Interesting subjects of inquiry that can occupy the atten- 
tion of a critic. Macaulay. Athenian Orators. 
(6) The grand, impressive, and awe inspiring in the works 
of nature or art. as distinguished from the beautiful : oc- 
casionally with the indefinite article, to express a particu- 
lar character of sublimity. 
There is a sublime in nature, as in the ocean or the 
thunder in moral action, as in deeds of daring and self- 
denial and in art, as in statuary and painting, by which 
what is sublime in nature and in moral character is rep- 
resented and Idealized. Fleming, Vocab. Phllos. 
(e) That which has been elevated and sublimated to its 
extreme limit ; a noble aud exalted ideal. 
Your upward gaze at me now is the very sublime of faith, 
truth, and devotion. Charlotte Bronte, Jane Eyre, xxv. 
Are you poor, sick, old ere your time 
Nearer one whit your own sublime 
Than we who never have turned a rhyme? 
Brmcning, The Last Bide Together. 
sublime (sub-lira'), . ; pret. and pp. sublimed, 
ppr. subliming. [< ME. sublintfn, < OF. subli- 
mer = Sp. Pg. sublimar = It. sublimare. < L. 
siib/imare, raise on high, in ML. also sublimate, 
< sublimis, raised on high, subUrne: see sublime, 
.] I. trans. 1. To raise oil high . 
Thou dear vine, . . . 
Although thy trunk be neither large nor strong, 
Nor can thy head (not help'd) Itself sublime, 
Yet, like a serpent, a tall tree can climb. 
Sir J. Denham, Old Age, 111. 
One mind has climbed 
Step after step, by just ascent sublimed. 
Br&wniny, Bordello. 
2. To sublimate. 
Th' austere and ponderous juices they sublime 
Make them ascend the porous soil and climb 
The orange tree, the citron, and the lime. 
Sir R. Blaclmore, Creation, U. 234. 
Sub. How do you sublime him? 
Fate. With the Calce of Egg-shells. 
B. Joiuon, Alchemist, ii. 5. 
3. To elevate; refine; purify; etherealize. 
Sublimed thee, and exalted thee, and fixed tbee 
In the third region, called onr state of grace? 
B. Jontan, Alchemist, L 1. 
I am fublimeil ! gross earth, 
Support me not ! I walk on air ! 
Massinyer, City Madam, ill. 3. 
sublingua 
dur Dross but weighs u dnwn Int" I 
U hile their sublimed splilts daunce i th' Ayr. 
c, Jovial (.'rew, II. 
A judicious use of metaphors wonderfully raises, tub- 
limet, and adorns oratory or elocution 
H. l<!.'n,,ih \\: uphors. 
II. iitlniHS. 1. Tobe affected l.y .ul.Hinaticni : 
be brought or changed into a state of vapor by 
heat, and then condensed liy col. I. a* camphor 
or sulphur. 
Particles of antimony which will not rtiblime alone. 
tfevton, OptUks, ill., query SI. 
Different bodies siMime at different temperatures, ac- 
cording to their various degrees of volatilhy. 
Pop. Sri. Ho., XXV. 203. 
2. To become exalted as by sublimation. 
This new faith subliming Into knowledge. 
K. II. ,Vfr, The Fourth Gospel, p. 172. 
Sublimed sulphur. Same as flowers of sulphur. See 
mtlphur. 
sublimely (sub-lim'li), adv. In a sublime man- 
ner; with exalted conceptions ; loftily. 
In English lays, and all sublimely great. 
Thy Homer warms with all his ancient heat. 
Parnell, To Pope. 
sublimeness (sub-lim'nes), . The condition 
or quality of being sublime; loftiness of sen- 
timent or style ; sublimity. 
sublimer (sub-H'mer), n. [< sublime, r., + -er 1 .] 
One who or that which sublimes; specifically, 
an apparatus for performing the operation of 
sublimation. Subllmers are of various forms and ma- 
terials, according to their special requirements, but each 
consists essentially of an inclosure of metal, earthenware, 
or glass, to which heat may be applied, and a condenser 
or collector for the sublimed substance. 
sublimette (sub-li-mef), n. [< F. sublimt, high 
(see sublime), + dim. -ette.~\ A variety of music- 
box. 
sublimificationt (sub-lim'i-fi-ka'shon), n. [< 
L. sublimis, sublime, + farere, do, make (see 
-fy), + -ation.] The act of making sublime, or 
the state of being made sublime. 
subliminal (sub-lim'i-nal),n. [<L.stt&,under,+ 
limen (limin-), threshold!] Below the threshold 
of sensation. In the following quotation a simi- 
lar threshold of consciousness is supposed. 
As attention moves away from a presentation its inten- 
sity diminishes, and when the presentation la below the 
threshold of consciousness its Intensity is then subliminal, 
whatever that of the physical stimulus may be. 
J. Ward, Encyc.'Brit., XX. 49. 
sublimitation (sub-lim-i-ta'shon), . A sub- 
ordinate or secondary limitation. De Quincey, 
Style, iii. 
sublimity (sub-lim'i-ti), . ; pi. sublimities (-tiz). 
[< F. sublimity = 8p. sublimidad = Pg. subli- 
midade = It. sublimitct, < L. sublimita(t-)s, lof- 
tiness, elevation, < sublimis. raised on high, 
sublime: see sublime.] 1. The state of being 
sublime; that character or quality of anything 
which marks it as sublime ; grandeur. Especially 
(a) Loftiness of nature or character; moral grandeur: 
as, the sublimity of an action. 
The sublimity of the character of Christ owes nothing 
to his historians. Luckminster. 
(b) Loftiness of conception ; exalUtion of sentiment or 
style. 
Hilton's chief talent, and, Indeed, his distinguishing ex- 
cellence, lies in the sublimity of his thoughts. 
Addison, Spectator, No. 279. 
(e) Grandeur ; vastness : majesty, whether exhibited in 
the works of nature or of art : as, the sublimity of a scene 
or of a building. 
It seems manifest that the most perfect realization of 
structural beauty and sublimity possible to music is at- 
tained by Instrumental composition. 
J. Sully, Sensation and Intuition, p. 217. 
There Is also the sensation of great magnitude, corre- 
sponding to the voluminous In sound, and lying at the 
foundation of what we term sublimity. 
A. Bain, Emotions and Will, p. 217. 
2. That which is sublime ; a sublime person or 
thing. 
The particle of those sublimities 
Which have relapsed to chaos. 
Byron, Childe Harold, iv. 54. 
3. The highest degree of its highest quality of 
which anything is capable; climax; acme. 
The sublimity of wisdom is to do those things living 
which are to be desired when dying. Jer. Taylor. 
Extensive, Intensive, etc , sublimity. See the adjec- 
tives. = 8yn. 1. See sublime. 
SUblinear (sub-lin'e-iir), a. Nearly linear. 
Suture sublinear above and slightly channeled below. 
Amer. Nat., XXII. 1017. 
sublingua (sub-ling' gwa), n.; pi. siiblinguse 
(-gwe). [NL. (cf. LL. sttblinguiiim, the epi- 
glottis), < L. sub, under. + lingua, the tongue.] 
A process of the mucous membrane of the floor 
of the mouth developed between the tip of the 
tongue and the symphysis of the lower jaw of 
some animals, as lemurs : it may acquire con- 
