suboctave 
2. hi music, the octave below a given tone. 
Suboctave coupler, in uryan-lnrildiiuj, a coupler which 
adds digitals ;ui octave below those struck, either on the 
same keyboard or on another. 
suboctuple (sub-ok'tu-pl), a. Containing one 
part of eight; having the ratio 1:8. Up. il'il- 
MM, Archimedes, vii. 
SUboCUlar (sub-ok'u-liir), a. [< L. sHtiocHlaris, 
that is beneath the eye, < sub, under, + ocularis, 
pertaining to the eye, < oculus, eye.] Situated 
under the eye; suborbital; suboptic Subocu- 
lar antennae, in entvtn., antenmc inserted below the eyes, 
as in most llomoptera. 
subcesophageal, a. See subcsophaijeal. 
subopercle (sub'o-per'kl), . The subopercu- 
lar bone, or suboperculum, of a fish. 
subopercular (sub-o-per'ku-lar), a. [< suboper- 
culum + -rti' 3 .] Composing a lower part of tlie 
opereulum or gill-flap of a fish ; pertaining to a 
suboperculum in any sense, or having its char- 
acter. See cut under opcrcular. 
suboperculum (sub-o-per'ku-lum), n. ; pi. sub- 
opercula (-lit). [NL., < L. siib, under, + opercu- 
?i,alid, cover.] 1. In ichth., the subopercular 
bone, an inferior one of four opercular bones 
usually entering into the composition of the gill- 
cover, of which it forms a part of the lower 
margin. See cuts under opercular and teleost. 
2. In anat. of the brain, a part of an orbital 
gyre which to some extent covers the insula 
or island of Reil in front, and is situated un- 
der the praeoperculum. 
SUboptic (sub-op'tik), a. Same as suborbitul : 
as, the luboptto foramen. 
suboral (sub-6'ral), . Placed under the mouth 
or oral orifice. 
Other specimens with the characteristic dorsal surface 
have no suboral avicularium. Geol. Jour., LXVII. 6. 
SUborbicular (sub-6r-bik'u-lar), a. Almost or- 
biculate or orbicular; nearly circular. 
suborbiculate (sub-6r-bik'u-lat), a. Same as 
suborbicular. 
suborbital (sub-or'bi-tal), a. and . I. a. Situ- 
ated below the orbit of the eye or on the floor 
of that orbit; infra-orbital; subocular. Also 
suboptic, suborbitar.-a\iboil>ltal cartilage. Seen. 
Suborbital foramen, the infra-orbital foramen (which 
see, under/women). Suborbital fossa. Sameasramwie 
II. n. A special formation of parts below, 
along the lower border of, or on the floor of the 
orbit of the eye. (a) A branch of the second division 
of the fifth nerve, which in various animals, as man, runs 
under the orbit and escapes upon the cheek through the 
suborbital foramen. (6) One of a chain of bones or carti- 
lages which in many of the lower vertebrates borders the 
brim of the orbit below, and corresponds to a like series 
which may form the supra-orbital margin. The great de- 
velopment of one of these suhorlutals is a prominent fea- 
ture of the mail-cheeked or cottoid fishes. Sec Scleropa- 
rix, and cut under teleost. 
SUbordain (sub-6r-dan'), . t. To ordain to an 
inferior position. [Rare.] 
For she is finite in her acts and powre, 
But so is not that Powre omnipotent 
That Nature subordain'd chiefe Governor 
Of fading creatures while they do endure. 
Dames, Minim in Modum, p. 24. (Daeies.) 
suborder (sub'6r"der), n. 1. In bot. and zool, 
a subdivision of an order ; a group subordinate 
to an order; a superfamily. See family, 6, and 
order, n., 5. 2. In arch., a subordinate or sec- 
ondary order; an order introduced for decora- 
tion, or chiefly so, as distinguished from a main 
order of the structure. 
In the triforium of the choir fof the cathedral of Senlis] 
the shafts which carry the sub-orders of the arches are 
comparatively slender monoliths. 
C. H. Moore, Gothic Architecture, p. 202. 
SUbordinacy (sub-6r'di-na-si), n. [< subordi- 
nrt(te) + -ci/.] The state of being subordinate, 
or subject to control ; subordination. [Rare.] 
He forms a Whole, coherent and proportioned in itself 
with due Subjection and Subordinacy of constituent Parts! 
Shafteibury, Advice to an Author, i. 3. 
SUbordinal (sub-or'di-nal), a. [< NL. subordo 
(-ordin-), suborder (< L. sub, under, + ordo 
order), + -a?.] Of the classificatory rank or 
taxouomic value of a suborder; subordinate to 
an order, as a group or division of animals; of 
or pertaining to a suborder. 
SUbordinancet (sub-or'di-nans), . [< subonti- 
u(ate) + -aiiee.] Same as "subordinacy . 
SUbordinancyt (sub-6r'di-nan-si), n. [As sub- 
ordinance (see-c#).] 1. Subordinacy. 2. Sub- 
ordinate places or offices collectively. 
The subordiiumcy of the government changing hands so 
often - Sir W. Temple. 
SUbordinary (sub-6r'di-na-ri), n. In her., a 
bearing of simple figure, often appearing, but 
0020 
not considered so common or so important as 
one of the ordinaries. See ordinary, 9. Those 
bearings which are called ordinaries by some writers and 
not by others are called subordinaries by these latter : such 
are the pile, the inescntcheon, the bend sinister, the can- 
ton or quarter, the border, the orle, and the point. 
Subordinate (sub-or'di-nat), c. t. ; pret. and pp. 
subordinated, ppr. sitbordinatiiii/. [< ML. snb- 
ordiiiatus, pp. of subordinare (> It. subordinare 
= Sp. Pg. subordinar = F. subordotuicr), place 
in a lower order, make subject, < L. sub, under, 
+ ordinare, order, arrange: see ordinnte, order, 
r.] 1. To place in an order or rank below 
something else; make or consider as of less 
value or importance: as, to subordinate tem- 
poral to spiritual things. 
So plans he, 
Always subordinating (note the point !) 
Revenge, the manlier sin, to interest, 
The meaner. Broicniny, Ring and Book, II. 186. 
All that is merely circumstantial shall be subordinated 
to and in keeping with what is essential. J. Cam/. 
2. To make auxiliary or subservient to some- 
thing else; put under control or authority; 
make subject. 
The stars fight in their courses under his banner, and 
subordinate their powers to the dictates of his will. 
South, Sermons, VII. 1. 
The branch societies were subordinated to the central 
one. Emjlish Gilds (E. E. T. S.), p. cxxxv. 
There is no known vertebrate in which the whole of the 
germ-product is not subordinated to a single axis. 
H. Spencer, Prin. of Biol., 50. 
Subordinating conjunction. See conjunction, 3. 
subordinate (sub-or'di-nat), a. and n. [= F. 
subordonne = Sp. Pg. subordinado = It. subor- 
dinate, < ML. subordinates, place in a lower 
order: see subordinate, ,.] I. a. 1. In a lower 
order or class ; occupying a lower position in a 
descending scale ; secondary. 
Life is the function of the animal's body considered as 
one whole, just as the subordinate functions are those of 
the body's several sets of organs. 
Mimrt, Nature and Thought, p. 188. 
2. Inferior in order, nature, dignity, power, 
rank, importance, etc. 
It was subordinate, not enslaved, to the understanding. 
South. 
The great ... are naturally averse to a power raised 
over them, and whose weight must ever lean heaviest on 
the subordinate orders. Goldsmith, Vicar, xix. 
Subordinate cause. See cause, i. Subordinate 
Clause, (a) In gram., same as dependent clause. (See un- 
der clause, 3.) Such a clause has the value of either a noun, 
an adjective, or an adverb in some other clause to which 
it is subordinated, being introduced either by a relative 
pronoun or an adverb, or by a subordinating conjunction. 
(6) In law, a clause in a statute which, from its position or 
the nature of its substance, or especially by reason of 
grammatical relation as above indicated, must be deemed 
controlled or restrained in its meaning if it conflicts with 
another clause in the same statute. Subordinate end 
Seeend. = Syn. Subservient, minor. 
II. n. One inferior in power, order, rank, dig- 
nity, office, etc.; one who stands in order or 
rank below another; often, one below and un- 
der the orders of another; in gram., a word or 
clause dependent on another. 
His next subordinate, 
Awakening, thus to him in secret spake. 
Milton, P. L., v. 671. 
SUbqrdinately (sub-6r'di-nat-li) adv. In a sub- 
ordinate manner ; in a lower order, class, rank, 
or dignity; as of inferior importance. 
SUbordinateness (sub-or'di-nat-nes), H, The 
state of being subordinate or inferior. 
subordination (sub-6r-di-na'shon), H. [= F. 
subordination. = Sp. subordination = Pg. sitbor- 
dinayao = It. siibordinazione, < ML. "subordina- 
tio(n-), < subordinare, subordinate : see subordi- 
nate.] 1 . The act of subordinating, subjecting, 
or placing in a lower order, rank, or position, 
or in proper degrees of rank; also, the state 
of being subordinate or inferior; inferiority of 
rank or dignity. 
There being no Religion that tends so much to the peace 
of mens minds and the preservation of civil Societies as 
this [the Christian religion] doth ; yet all this it doth by 
way of subordination to the great end of it, which is the 
promoting mens eternal happiness. 
StUlingJket, Sermons, I. iv. 
In his narrative a due subordination is observed : some 
transactions are prominent ; others retire. 
Maeaulay, History. 
2f. Degree of lesser rank. 
Persons who, in their several subordinations, would be 
obliged to follow the example of then- superiors. Swift. 
3. The state of being under control of govern- 
ment ; subjection to rule ; habit of obedience 
to orders. 
Never, never more shall we behold that generous loy- 
alty to rank and sex, that proud submission, that dignified 
obedience, that subordination of the heart, which kept 
alive, even in servitude itself, the spirit of an exalted free- 
dom - Burke, Rev. in France. 
suboxid 
They were without subordination, patience, industry, or 
any of the regular habits demanded for success in such an 
enterprise. Prescott, Ferd. and Isa., ii. 8. 
subordinationism (sub-6r-di-na'shqu-izm), n. 
[< subordination + -ism.'] In tlicol., tiie doctrine 
that the second and third persons of the Trini- 
ty are inferior to God the Father as regards 
() order only, or (b) as regards essence. The 
former doctrine is considered orthodox, the lat- 
ter is that of the Arians and others. 
Justin . . . did not hold a strict subordinationism. 
Liddon, Divinity of Our Lord, p. 430. 
SUbordinative (sub-6r'di-na-tiv), a. [< subor- 
dinate + -Ive.] Tending to subordinate ; caus- 
ing, implying, or expressing subordination or 
dependence. 
suborn (sub-orn'), c. t. [< F. suborner = Sp. 
Pg. subornar = It. stibornare, < L. stibornare, 
furnish, equip, fit out, incite secretly, < sub, un- 
der, + ornare, fit out, provide, ornament.] If. 
To furnish; equip; adorn; ornament. 
Evill thinges, being decked and suborned with the gay 
attyre of goodly woordes, may easely deceave. 
Spenser, State of Ireland. 
2. To furnish or procxire unlawfully; procure 
by indirect means. 
So men oppressed, when weary of their breath, 
Throw off the burden, and suborn their death. 
Dryden, Pal. and Arc., iii. 1039. 
3. To bribe or unlawfully procure to some act 
of wickedness specifically, in law, to giving 
false testimony; induce, as a witness, to per- 
jury. 
He had put to death two of the kynges which were the 
chiefe autours of this newe reuolte, and had suborned 
Guarionexius and the other kynges to attempte the same. 
Peter Martyr (tr. in Eden's Fiist Books on America, ed. 
[Arber, p. 84). 
By heaven, fond wretch, thou kuow'st not what thou 
speak'st ; 
Or else thou art suborrid against his honour 
In hateful practice. Shalt., M. for M., v. 1. 106. 
It was he indeed 
Suborned us to the calumny. 
B. Junson, Poetaster, v. 1. 
A faithless clerk, who had been suborned ... to betray 
their consultations, was promptly punished. 
Bancroft, Hist. U. S., I. 148. 
To bribe a trustee, as such, is in fact neither more nor 
less than to suborn him to be guilty of a breach or an abuse 
of trust. Bentham, Introd. to Morals and Legislation, 
[xvi. 27, note 3. 
subornation (sub-or-na'shou), . [= F. sub- 
ornation = Sp. subornacion = Pg. subornag ao = 
It. subornazione, < ML. sitbornatio(n-), < L. sub- 
ornarc, pp. subornatus, furnish, suborn: see 
suborn.'] 1. The act of procuring wrongfully. 
2. The act of procuring one by persuasion, 
bribery, etc., to do a criminal or bad action; 
specifically, in law, the crime of procuring per- 
jured testimony ; procuring a witness to com- 
mit the crime of perjury: more specifically 
called subornation of perjury. 
The subornation of witnesses, or the corrupt sentence 
of a judge ! Bp. Atterbury, Sermons, I. xvii. 
Foul subornation is predominant. 
Shak., 2 Hen. VI., iii. 1. 145. 
suborner (sub-or'ner), . [< suborn + -crl.] 
One who suborns ; one who procures another to 
do a bad action, especially to take a false oath. 
Bacon, Charge at Session for the Verge. 
subostracal (sub-os'tra-kal), a. Situated under 
the shell : noting a dorsal cartilage of some 
cephalopods. 
A thin plate-like sub-ostracal or (so-called; dorsal carti- 
lage, the anterior end of which rests on and fits into the 
concave nuchal cartilage. Eneyc. Brit., XVI. 75. 
Subostracea (sub-os-tra'se-a), . pi. [NL. 
(De Blainville), < L. sub,' under, + NL. Os- 
tracea.] A group of lamellibranchs or bivalve 
mollusks, so named from their relationship to 
the oyster family, including such forms as the 
thorn-oysters (SpondyUdx), etc. See cut under 
Spondylus. 
SUbostracean (sub-os-tra'se-an), a. and w. I. 
fl. Of or pertaining to the Subostracea. 
II. . A member of the Subostracea. 
suboval (sub-6'val), a. Nearly or somewhat 
oval. 
subovarian (sub-o-va'ri-an),. Situated below 
the ovary : specifying certain plates of cystic 
crinoids. 
SUbovate (sub-o'vat), . Nearly or somewhat 
ovate. 
subqvoid (sub-6'void), a. Somewhat or nearly 
ovoid. 
suboxid, suboxide (sub-ok'sid, -sid or -sid), n. 
An oxid which contains less oxygen than the 
protoxid. [Now rare.] 
