sulk 
s<xim iiynck too bottoms, mleHny the surges uunder. 
Staiiiliiir*!. Kin-id, i. 117. (Damen.) 
sulkily (stil'ki-li), mlr. In a sulky manner; 
iiillenly; morosely. 
sulkiness (sul'ki-nes), w. The state or quality 
of being sulky; sullcnness; inoroseness. 
sulky (sul'ki), . [An extended form of *//', 
n., due in part to the noun xitlki>irnn, now re- 
farded us < milky + -ni-xx, but earlier xiilkrui-xx. 
Mlv ".w/Ariif-.s-.sr, < AS. xiilrmix, xiili-i-inn-x: see 
.s-i///,-', .] 1. Silently resentful; dogged; mo- 
roHo; sullen; moody; disposed to keep aloof 
from society, or to repel the friendly advances 
of others. 
It Is surely better to be even weak than malignant or 
tutty. V. Kiua, Essays (1777), No. 123. 
During the time he was In the house he seemed ndliii or 
rather stupid. llatlam, Insanity, X. 
Corydon, offended with 1'hyllls, becomes, as far as the 
Is concerned, a men! drivelling Idiot, and a ntlkij one Into 
the bargain. Whyte Melville, White Kose, II. xvlll. 
The true zeal and patience of a quarter of an hour are 
better than the nutty/ and inattentive labour of a who!. 
day. Hiutin, Elements of Drawing, II. 
2. Stunted, or of backward growth: noting a 
condition of a plant, sometimes resulting from 
insect injury. 
The condition called sultty as applied to a tea-bush Is un- 
fortunately only too common on many estates. 
K. Kriient Green, In Ceylon Independent, 1889. 
= 8yn. 1. Morose, Splenetic, etc. (sec sullen); cross, Bpleen- 
ish, perverse, cross grained, out of humor. 
sulky (sul'ki), .; pLMdMMf-U*). [So called 
because it obliges the rider to be alone ; < sul- 
ky, .] A light two-wheeled carriage for one 
person, drawn by one horse, commonly used for 
trials of speed between trotting-horses. 
The country doctor . . . 
Whose ancient sulky down the village lanes 
Dragged, like a war-car, captive ills and pains. 
WhMier, The Countess. 
sulky-cultivator, sulky-rake (sul'ki-kul'ti- 
va-tor, -rak), n. A cultivator or a horse-rake 
having a seat for the driver. See cut under 
6051 
Trewely she was to mln ye 
The mleyn fenlx of Arabye. 
Chaucer, Death of Blanche, I. 982. 
Ye shall flnd (hi- tulnlu auenture 
Full slrang vnto sight of ech creature. 
Ram. of Partenay (E. E. T. 8.), 1. 6431. 
3. Remaining iilonethrough ill humor: un- 
blo; sili-iif and miss; sulky; morose; glum. 
sulphate 
I come to shew the Fruits of Connivance, or rather En- 
couragement, from the Magistrates In the (Ity, upon other 
Occasions, to loUemtt. the Kabble. 
Itoycr North, Examen, p. 114. 
sulky-harrow, sulky-scraper (sul'ki-har'6, 
-skra'per), n. A harrow or scraper mounted 
on a wheeled carriage, and having a seat for 
the driver. 
sulky-plow (snl'ki-plou), n. See plow. 
sull (sul), n. A shorter form of sullow 1 . 
sullage (su 1 ' aj ), . [Early mod. E. also sulledge, 
xnlliage, suillaye, < OF. "souillage, *8oilla(jc, < 
souiller, soil : see soip. Cf . sulliaye.] If. That 
which defiles. 
No tincture, milage, or defilement South. 
2t. Drainage; sewage. 
Naples Is the pleasantest of Cities, If not the most beau 
tyfull: the building all of free stone, the streets are broad 
and paved with brick, vaulted underneath for the con- 
veyance of the sulledye. Sandyi, Travalles, p. 203. 
The streetes exceeding large, well paved, having many 
vaults and conveyances under them for the milage, w" 
renders them very sweote and cleane. 
Evelyn, Diary, Feb. 8, 1645. 
3. In founding, the scoria which rises to the 
surface of the molten metal in the ladle, and 
is held back when pouring to prevent porous 
and rough casting. 4. Silt and mud deposited 
by water. 
April 3, 1712. A grant unto Israel Pownoll of his new 
Invented engine or machine for taking up ballast, tnl- 
latK, sand, etc., of very great use In cleansing rivers, bar- 
lH>urs. etc. 
AM'in, Social Life In the Reign of Queen Anne, II. 57. 
sullage-piece (sul'aj-pes), w. In founding, a 
deadhead. K. H. Kiiiylit. 
Sullan (sul'im), n. [< L. Sullaniis, < B*Ha, itn- 
pro]>. f<y/lii. Sulla (see def.).] Of or pertain- 
ing to Lucius Cornelius Sulla (138-78 B. c.), 
a Roman general and dictator. 
In 70 B. c. Pompelus, In conjunction with Crassus, re- 
pealed the Sullan constitution. Kneye. Brit., IV. 634. 
sullen (sul'en), a. and . [< ME. sollein, soleiii, 
mili'ifii. xiilniii. < OF. nolniii (= Pr. aoltin), soli- 
tary, lonely ; as a noun, a pittance for one per- 
son ; < ML. as if "solanus, < L. solus, alone: see 
We 3 .] I. a. If. Being alone; solitary; lonely; 
hence, single; unmarried. 
Lat eeh of hem be soteyn al her lyvc. 
Chaucer, Parliament of Fowls, 1. 807. 
That ofte, whan I shulde play, 
It raaketh me drawe out of the way 
In nolein place by my selve, 
As doth a laborer to delve. 
Qower, Conf. Amant., vi. 
2t. Being but one; unique; hence, rare; re- 
markable. 
sulliaget (sul'i-aj), M. [A var. of xullagc, as if 
< null;/ + -".'/''] Same a . milage. 
Till we are In some degree refined from the dross and 
rullia</c of our former lives' Incursions. 
8UIII. he ,.,. till he lour, and freU. 
Slink., Venus and Adonis, 1. 7ft. BUllOW 1 (sul 6 ), . [Also suit; < ME. milmr, 
xiiluli, xnlli, < AS. sulli, rarely xul (gen. xulix, 
dat. syl; in comp. sulk-, sul-), a plow. Cf. I-. 
'.-, a furrow: see sulcun, sulk*.] A plow. 
llnlliirrll. [Prov. Eng.] 
sullow'-'t, i'. t. [A var. of xully. ] To sully, 
sully (sul'i;, i'.; pret. and pp. gullied, ppr. xul- 
lying. [Early mod. E. also sallow ; < ME. sulu n, 
< AS. sylian, sully, defile, bemire (=OB.suli<in 
= tilD.solittcen=OHG.lii-suliaii,G. siih ten, sully, 
= Sw. sola = Dan. siile = Goth, lii-xnuljnn, be- 
mire), < sol = OHG. sol, MHO. sol ; sol, G. stiMe = 
Dan. xiil, mire. The form sully is prob. due in 
part to the OF. sollier, souiller, etc., soil, sully: 
nee *oii 3 , with which sully is often confused.] 
1. trans. 1. To soil; stain; tarnish; defile. 
Over it perpetually burneth a number of lamps, which 
have tullyed the roof like the Inside of a chimney. 
Sandys, Travalles, p. 180. 
And statues sully'd yet with sacrilegious smoke. 
Rotcmnmon, trans, of Horace's Sixth Ode (of bk. III.). 
One of the great charms of this temple (the great 
Valshnava temple at Sei Ingham), when I visited It, was Its 
purity. Neither whitewash nor red nor yellow paint had 
then sullied It, and the time-stain on the warm-coloured 
granite was all that relieved Its monotony. 
J. Fergutton, Hist. Indian Arch., p. 366. 
2. Figuratively, to stain or tarnish morally. 
The over-daring Talbot 
Hath gullied all his gloss of former honour 
By this unheedful, desperate, wild adventure. 
Shalt., 1 Hen. VI., IT. 4. 6. 
A look and a word . . . seemed to flash upon me the 
conviction that the woman I loved was tallied. 
T. Winthrop, Cecil Dreeme, vl. 
3. To dim; darken. 
Nor tullrn discontent, nor anxious care. 
E'en though brought thither, could inhabit there. 
Dryden, Flower and Leaf, 1. 9. 
Two doughty champions, flaming Jacobite 
And sullen Hanoverian. Wordsworth, Excursion, vl. 
A* sullen as a beast new-caged. Tennyson, Oeralnt 
4. Gloomy; dismal; somber. 
Why are thine eyes flx'd to the nillen earth? 
Shalt., alien. VI., I. 2.5. 
Those [natural properties) of the Sea to bee saltish and 
unpleasant, and the colour mllen and greenish. 
Dekker, London Triumphing (Works, ed. Pearson, III. 241). 
Now began 
Night with her sullen wings to double-shade 
The desert. Milton, P. R., I. 500. 
The dull morn a mUrn aspect wears. Crabbe 
5. Sad; sorrowful; melancholy. 
Our solemn hymns to sullen dirges change. 
Shalt., R. and J., IT. 5. 88. 
6. Slow-moving; sluggish; dull: as, a sullen 
pace. 
When death's cold, sullen stream 
Shall o'er me rolL 
Ray Palmer, My Faith Looks up to Thee. 
7. Malignant; unpropitious; foreboding ill; 
baleful. 
Such sullen planets at my birth did shine, 
They threaten every fortune mixt with mine. 
Dryden. 
She meets again 
The savage murderer's tullen gaze. 
Whittier, Mogg Megone, I. 
= Syn, 3. Gloomy, Sullen, Svlky, Morose, Splenetic. These 
words are arranged In the order of their intensity and of 
their degrees of activity toward others. Gloomy has the 
E -alive suggestion of physical gloom or darkness : the 
ny man has little brightness In his mind, or he sees 
! light ahead. The mllen man Is silent because he is 
sluggishly angry and somewhat bitter, and he repelsfriend- 
ly advances by silence and a lowering aspect rather than 
by words. The sulky person persists in being tullen be- 
yond all reason and for mere whim : the young are often 
milky. In the morose man there is an element of hate, 
and he meets advances with rudeness or cruel words : the 
young have rarely development of character enough to be 
tiuirose. The spleneticamn is u(iri/and peevish, with fre- 
quent outbursts of Irritation venting itself upon persons 
or things. Any of these words may indicate either a tem- 
porary mood or a strong tendency of nature. 
II. M. It. A solitary person ; a recluse. 
Let there be no spots in these our feasts of charity ; no- 
thing that may sully the brightness and damp the cheer- 
fulness of this day's solemnity. 
Bp. Atterkury, Sermons, I. xvlll. 
Weakened our national strength, and sullied our glory 
abroad. Bolingbroke, Parties, I. 
II. intrans. To be or become soiled or tar- 
nished. 
Silvering will sully and canker more than gilding. 
Bacon. 
Bully (sul'i), H. ; pi. sullies (-iz). [< xnlly, .] 
Soil; tarnish; spot. 
A noble and triumphant merit breaks through little 
spots and gullies on his reputation. Spectator. 
He -Another with seynt lohan, with Symon, ne with 8ulpha?id (gu i rag , id)t . r< /;,/,(,-) + '<*.] 
- - -~ ... ^ n ac jj ; n wn j c i 1 gulphur takes the place of 
oxygen ; a sulpho-acid. 
sulphamate (sul'fa-mat), n. See sulphamic. 
sulphamic (sul-fam'ik), a. [< &ulph(ur) + am- 
(monium) + -ic.] Having sulphur and am- 
Bote as a toleun by hym-self . Piers Plowman (CX XT. 145. 
2. pi. Sullen feelings; sulks; sullenness. [Col- 
loq.] 
Let them die that age and salient have. 
Shak., Rich. II., II. 1. 139. 
If she be not sick of the sullen*, I see not 
The least infirmity in her. 
Massinger, Emperor of the East, ill. 4. 
Being ourself but lately recovered we whisper it In 
monium as the characteristic constituents. 
Sulphamic add, an acid the ammonium salt of which 
is produced by the action of dry ammonia on dry sulphur 
trioxid. It may be regarded as sulphuric acid In which 
OH 
l.i lll;_ iiui ^< ii IMII i,ii< i^ BMVVWW , i^ir 
confidence, reader out of a long and desperate fit of the one OH group is replaced by NH 2 ; thus, SO 2 -j VH - xt 
""""" Lam6 ' P P ular Fanacie8 ' XVL 1. a monobasic acid, forming salt, called sulpham&s; of 
3t. A meal for one person. Halliwll. [Prov. thege ^^^ BUlphamate , so .,| *H 4 i. one of the 
Eng.] best-known. -( 
sullent (sul'en), v. t. [< sullen, a.] To make 8U lphamide(sul'fa-midor-mid),n. [<milph(r) 
sullen, morose, or sulky. 
In the body of the world, when members are sullen'd, 
and snarl one at another, down falls the frame of all. 
Feltham, Resolves, L SO. 
sullenly (sul'en-li), ade. In a sullen manner; 
gloomily; with moroseness. 
sullenness (sul'en-nes), n. 1. The state or 
quality of being sullen. 
The form which her anger assumed was tullennes*. 
Xacaulay, Hist. Eng., Til. 
2t. Silence; reserve. 
Her very Coyness warms ; 
And with a grateful Sullennet* she charms. 
Congreve, Paraphrase upon Horace, I. xix. 1. 
= Syn. 1. See sullen. 
sullen-sickt (sul'en-sik), a. Sick with sullen- 
ness. 
On the denyall, Ahab falls sullen-rick. 
Fuller, Plsgah Sight, II. vii. 7. (Dadei.) 
sulleryt (sul'e-ri), . [< sull + -*ry.] A plow- 
land. 
sullevatet (sure-vat), r. t. [Also 
L. mbleratux, pp. of sttblerarc (> It. 
= Pg. Sp. Pr. xolerar = F. xiiiili-n-r). lift ii|> 
from beneath, support, assist, < *M&, under, + 
levare, lift up, raise, < li-ris, light, not heavy: 
see levity. Cf. elevate.'} To cause to rise in 
insurrection; excite, as to sedition. 
+ am(nt(tnia} + -iile'*.'} A compound which may 
be regarded as consisting of the group SO 2 com- 
bined with two amido-groups, NH 2 . 
rsin (sul'far-sin), . [< xulph(ur) + ar- 
Cacody 1 siilphid, ( CH 3 ) ? A s 2 S, a colorless 
liquid having an intensely disagreeable smell 
and being highly inflammable, 
sulphate (sul'fat), . [= F. sulfate = Sp. Pg. 
sulfato = It. xolfato, < NL. tmtfima*, tmyatum; 
as sitlph(ttr) + ate 1 .'} A salt of sulphuric acid. 
The acid is dibasic, forming two classes of salts neutral 
sulphates, in which both hydrogen atoms of the acid are 
replaced by basic radicals, and acid sulphate*, in which 
only one of the hydrogen atoms IB BO replaced. Most sul- 
phates are readily soluble in water, while afew, as calcium, 
strontium, and lead sulphates, are very sparingly soluble, 
and barium sulphate is insoluble in water and dilute acids. 
The sulphates are widely and abundantly distributed in 
nature. Gypsum and anhydrite are calcium sulphates. 
Epsom salts and Glauber salts, conlained In all sea-waters, 
are magnesium sulphate and sodium sulphate respective- 
ly. Barytes or heavy-spar, used on account of Its high spe- 
cific gravity (4. 3 to 4.7) as an adulterant and makeweight, 
IB barium sulphate. Anglesite, or lead sulphate. Is an ore 
of lead. Many other sulphates occur in nature In smaller 
quantity. Of the sulphates artificially prepared may be 
mentioned sodium sulphate, or salt-cake (made from salt 
on an enormous scale as the first step In the manufacture 
of sodium carbonate), and ammonium sulphate (made ex- 
tensively from gas liquor, and used for preparing other am- 
monia salts and as a fertilizer). Zinc sulphate, or white 
vitriol, is used In medicine as an astringent and a tonic, 
