surround 
6088 
The sea . . . hath decayed, surrounded, and drowned [up surtax (ser'taks), H. [= F. surtuxe, < surtaxer. 
much hard grounds. Act ~ James 1., u. 20. (Encyc. Diet.) 
2. To encompass ; environ ; inclose on all sides, 
as a body of troops, surrounded by hostile forces, 
so as to cut off communication or retreat; in- 
vest, as a fortified place : as, to surround a city ; 
to surround a detachment of the enemy. 
Our men xurrounded the swamp, being a mile about, 
and shot at the Indians. 
Winthrop, Hist. New England, I. 279. 
overtax : sec mirttix, <.] A tax on something al- 
ready taxed; additional tax on specific articles. 
The free list is to be curtailed, and, as the 5 per cent. 
sur-tax on all import duties levied since July 1, 1886, for 
the emancipation fund was to be turned over to general 
revenue, the 00 per cent, additional taxes or sur-taxes are 
to be incorporated with the duty rate, so that the present 
10 per cent, class will become 16 per cent., the 20 per cent. 
S2 per cent., the 30 per cent, 48 per cent., and the 40 per 
cent. 64 per cent. Appleton's Ann. Cyc., 1886, p. 94. 
3. To form an inclosure round; environ; en- SUTtout (ser-tof or ser-to'), . [< F- surtout, 
an overcoat, surtout, lit. 'over-all'; < xnr-, over, 
circle : as, a wall or ditch surrounds the city. 
And an embroider'd zone surrounds her slender waist. 
Dryden, tr. of Ovid's Metamorph., x. 48. 
To Neptune, ruler of the seas profound, 
Whose liquid arms the mighty globe surround. 
Pope, Iliad, ix. 240. 
+ tout, all, < L. totus, all: see total.] 1. A 
man's overcoat ; especially, in recent usage, 
such a coat cut like a frock-coat with full 
skirts. 
I learned that he was but just arrived in England, and 
On arriving [at the Pyramids] we were surrounded by a that he came from some hot country : which was the rea- 
owd of Arabs. son, doubtless, his face was so sallow, and that he sat so 
Lady Brassey, Voyage of Sunbeam, II. xxvii. near the hearth, and wore a mrtout in the house. 
Charlotte Bronte, Jane Eyre, xviii. 
A gentleman in a blue mtrtout and silken berlins ac- 
companied us from the hotel. Forster, Dickens, vi. 
2. In fort., the elevation of the parapet of a 
work at the angles, to protect from enfilade fire. 
Surtout de table, (a) A set of vessels, porcelain or 
faience, used for the decoration of a dinner-table or sup- 
per-table. Sets of Crown Derby biscuit ware containing 
groups of rustic figures, etc., and of great beauty, have 
been made for this purpose. (6) A single large piece, 
such as an epergne, a vase holding cut flowers, a decora- 
tive cache-pot with a growing plant, or a large and deco- 
A skeppe of palme thenne after to surtray is. 
Palladium, Husbondrie (E. E. T. S.), p. 100. 
4. To make the circuit of; circumnavigate. 
I flnde that my name-sake, Thomas Fuller, was pilot in 
the ship called the Desire, wherein Captain Cavendish 
surrounded the world. 
Putter, Ch. Hist,, XI. xi. (Ded.). (Dairies.) 
=Syn. 3. To fence in, coop up. 
H.t intrans. To overflow. 
Streams if stopt surrownd. 
Warner, Albion's England, viii. 129. 
surround (su-round'), n. [< surround, v.] 1. tjve cach( 
A method of hunting some animals, such as buf- rative tazza" or compotiere, imed to form the central orna- 
faloes, by surrounding them and driving them ment of a dinner-table. 
over a precipice, or into a deep ravine or other Surtrayt, v- t. [ME., an error for "subtray, < 
place from which they cannot escape. [West- OF. sotibtraire. soubstraire, draw away: see sub- 
em U. S.] tract.] To take away. [Rare.] 
The plan of attack [in hunting buffalo], which in this 
country is familiarly called a surround, was explicitly 
agreed upon. 
W. T Bornaday, Smithsonian Report 1887, ii. 481. OF.*ow6>rt, soubstrait, pp. of soubtraire, souh- 
2 A cordon of hunters formed for the purpose straire, etc.. subtract : see siirtrau, subtract.] To 
pt capturing animals by surrounding and driv- subtract 
ing them. Sportsman^ Gazetteer. Srtr e te hem first, and after multiplie. 
Surrounding (su-roun'ding), n. [Verbal n. ot Palladius, Husbondrie (E. E ,T. S.), p. 18. 
surround, p.] 1 An encircling or encompassing ; surt urbrand (ser'ter-brand), n. [< Icel. si,rt,,r- 
a circuit -2. Something connected with or be- ora ndr, jet, lit. ' Surfs brand,' < Surtar, gen. of 
longing to those things that usually surround or Surtr g m . t a fog.^^ ( < smrtr swart, black, 
environ; an accompanying or environing cir- = E- ' swart) + firawrfr, brand = E. brand): 
cumstauce or condition: generally m the plu- see swart and brand, .] The Icelandic name 
?L *il' c a ,,?I?,!!^L a S surrou " atn ff; fash - for lignite, which occurs in considerable quan- 
tity in various parts of the island, intercalated 
between beds of volcanic rocks and tuffs. The 
vegetation of which it is composed proves that the climate 
of Iceland has grown much colder than it was in Tertiary 
times. 
surucua (so-ro-ko'a), n. [S. Amer.] A South 
American trogon, Trogon surucua. Also writ- 
ten surukua. 
surucucu (s6-ro-ko'ko), . [8. Amer.] The 
South American bushmaster, a venomous ser- 
pent, Lachesis mutus. P. L. Sclater. 
SUTVeancet, A Middle English form of sur- 
veyance. 
surveillance (ser-val'yans), n. [< F. surreil- 
lance, oversight, < surveillant, overseeing: see 
surveillant.] Oversight; superintendence; su- 
ionable surroundings. 
surroundry (su-roun'dri), w. [< surround + 
-ry.] An encompassing; a circuit. [Rare.] 
All this Hand within the surroundry of the foure seas. 
Bp. Mountagm, Diatribe, p. 128. (Eneyc. DM.) 
Surroyt (sur'oi), H. [< ME. surroy, < OF. surroy, 
surroi, < stid, south, + roi, king: see south and 
roy. 
sur-royal (ser-roi'al), n. The crown-antler of 
a stag. See cut under antler. 
SUTSt, w. A Middle English form of source. 
sursanuret, . [ME., < OF. 'sursamtre (?), < sur-, 
over, + saner, heal, < L. sanare, heal, < sanus, 
whole, sound: see sane 1 .'] A wound that is 
healed only outwardly. 
. 
pervision; watch; spying. 
That sort of surveillance of which, in all ages, the young 
have accused the old. Scott, Castle Dangerous, viii. 
Wei ye knowe that of a iu.rsa.tmre 
8 ^Chaucer, Franklin's Tale, 1. 385. SUTVeillant (ser-val'yant), a. and n. [< F. svr- 
reilJant, ppr. of surveitler, oversee, watch, < sur-, 
over, + veiller, < L. vigilare, watch : see vigilant.] 
I. a. Keeping watch over another or others; 
[Harleian text has sore sanure.] 
surseancet (ser'se-ans), n. [< OF. surseance, F. 
surseance, suspension, delay, < surseoir, delay: 
see surcease.] Subsidence ; quiet. 
All preachers, especially such as be of good temper 
and have wisdom with conscience, ought to inculcate and 
beat upon a peace, silence, and surseance. 
Bacon, Works, VII. 60. 
overseeing ; observant ; watchful. [Rare.] Imp. 
Diet. 
II. n. One who keeps watch over another; 
a supervisor or overseer ; also, a spy. [Rare.] 
Imp. Diet. 
sursize (ser-siz'), . [< OF. snrsise, sursis (ML. SUTVenet (ser-ven'), v. t. [< F. survenir, come 
sursisa, supersisa), lit. delay, surcease : see sur- upon, < L. supervenire, come upon, overtake : 
cease.] In the middle ages, a penalty imposed see supervene.] To supervene upon ; come as 
upon the tenant for failure to pay the castle- an addition to. 
guard rent on the appointed rent-day. A suppuration that sunenes lethargies. Haney. 
f^ n hl, U t al n rent8 ' 8 , ometlmes 8t yl ed wardpenny and wayt- SUTVenuet (ser've-nu), . [< OF. gitrventte. a 
da^ldTpXVufp'S^s caia SaST n flX6d F omi g in 8uddenl y. < **, sudden- 
Eneyc. BrU V198 ty : see svrvene, and cf. venue.] The act of step- 
sursolid(ser-sol'id),,and T a Inmath of plDg r comin g in suddenly or unexpectedly. 
*v. M.I. X J L' ll "-< or The Danes or Normans i 
the fifth degree sursolld problem. See probler, 
ii. n. I he fifth power of a quantity. 
SUTStylet (ser'stil), v. t.; pret. and pp. siirsti/led, 
ppt.ntrstyUng. [<sur- + style^.] To surname. 
Gildas, sirnamed the Wise, 
was also otherwise sur- 
, , . . . as aso oerwse sur- 
filled Querulus, because the little we have of his writings 
is only '-A Complaint." 
Fuller, Worthies, Somerset, II. 286. (Duties.) 
surtax (ser'taks), c. t. [< F. surtaxer, overtax, 
< *)-, over, + taxer, tax: see tar.] To put a 
surtax, or extra tax, on. 
The Danes or Normans in their mrvemte. N. Bacon. 
survey (ser-va'), v. t. [Early mod. E. also sur- 
vay; < ME. "surveyen, < AF. "suri-eier, surreer, 
survoir, < L. supervidere, overlook, oversee, < 
super, over, + videre, see: see suptrrise. Cf. 
purvey.] 1. To overlook; view at large, as 
from a commanding position ; take a compre- 
hensive view of. 
Now that we haue spoken of the first Authors of the 
principal! and first Nations, let vs suruey the Lands and 
Inheritance which God gaue unto them. 
Purchas, Pilgrimage p. 48. 
survey 
Far as the breeze can bear, the billows foam, 
Survey our empire, and behold our home. 
Byron. Corsair, i. 1. 
When all thy mercies, O my God, 
My rising soul surveys. Addison, Hymn. 
I am monarch of all I survey. 
Cowper, Verses supposed to be written by Alexander 
[Selkirk. 
2. To oversee; view with a scrutinizing eye; 
examine ; scrutinize. 
I adventured not to approach near unto it tosunay the 
particulars. Coryat, Crudities, I. 0. 
With such altered looks, . . . 
All pale, and speechless, he surveyed me round. 
Dryden, Spanish Friar, v. 1. 
3. To inspect or examine with reference to 
situation, condition, and value ; inspect care- 
fully : as, to survey a building to determine its 
value, etc. 
I am come to survey the Tower this day. 
Shak., 1 Hen. VI., i. 3. 1. 
4. To determine the boundaries, extent, posi- 
tion, etc., of, as of any part of the earth's sur- 
face by means of linear and angular measure- 
ments, and the application of the principles 
of geometry and trigonometry; determine the 
form and dimensions of, as of tracts of ground, 
coasts, harbors, etc., so as to be able to deline 
ate their several shapes and positions on paper. 
See surreyiiij/. 
Surveying a place, according to my idea, is taking a geo- 
metrical plan of it, in which every place is to have its true 
situation. Coo*, Second Voyage, iii. 7. 
The commissioners were also impowered to survey the 
lands adjoining to the city of London, its suburbs, anil 
within two miles circuit. 
StruU, Sports and Pastimes, p. 118. 
5. To examine and ascertain, as the boundaries 
and royalties of a manor, the tenure of the 
tenants, and the rent and value of the same. 
6f. To see; perceive; observe. 
The Norweyan lord, surveying vantage, 
With furbish'd anus and new supplies of men 
Began a fresh assault. Shak., Macbeth, i. 2. 31. 
survey (ser-va', now sometimes also ser'va), . 
[< survey, v.] 1. A general view; a compre- 
hensive prospect. 
Time, that takes survey of all the world, 
Must have a stop. Shak., 1 Hen. IV., v. 4. 82. 
Under his proud survey the city lies. 
Sir J. Denham, Cooper's Hill, 1. 25. 
What I purpose to do ... is ... to attempt a sketch 
or survey of the different forms and phases which gam- 
bling has assumed at the present day in this country. 
Nineteenth Century, XXVI. 841. 
2. A particular view; an examination or in- 
spection of all the parts or particulars of a thing, 
with a design to ascertain the condition, quan- 
tity, or quality: as, a survey of the stores, pro- 
visions, or munitions of a ship ; a survey of roads 
and bridges; a survey of buildings intended to 
ascertain their condition, value, and exposure 
to fire. 
The Certyfycath of the Suruey of alle the late Collagys, 
Chauntryes, (tree chappelles, ffraternityes, brotherdes, and 
Guyldes. English Gilds (E. E. T. 8.), p. 503. 
O that you could turn your eyes toward the napes of 
your necks, and make but an interior survey of your good 
selves ! Shak., Cor., ii. 1. 44. 
3. In insurance, a plan or description, or both, 
of the present existing state or condition of 
the thing insured, including commonly in appli- 
cations for fire-insurance the present mode of 
use so far as material to the risk; more loosely, 
the description or representations, including 
interrogatories and answers, constituting the 
application drawn up or adopted by the agent 
of the insurer. 4. The operation of finding the 
contour, dimensions, position, or other partic- 
ulars of any part of the earth's surface, coast, 
harbor, tract of land, etc., and representing 
the same on paper; also, the measured plan, 
account, or exposition of such an operation. 
See surveying, and ordnance surrey (under ord- 
nance). 
The surrey is not that which is required in order to ob- 
tain a patent, but merely the measuring off of the claim 
by metes and bounds and courses and distances. 
Wade, Mining Law, p. 46. 
5. A species of auction, in which farms are dis- 
posed of for a period covering three lives. 
[Prov. Eng.] 6. A district for the collection 
of the customs, under the inspection and au- 
thority of a particular officer. [U. S.] Coast 
and Geodetic Survey, a survey of the coasts and rivers 
of the Vnited States, carried out by an office of the Trea- 
sury Department, called by this name. The Superinten- 
dent of the Coast and Geodetic Survey is charged with this 
work, and with the publication of annual reports, tide-ta- 
bles, sailing-directions, and maps and charts. On the other 
hand, the Director of the Geological and Mineralogical 
survey is an officer of the Department of the Interior. 
