sweat 
As wittnesseth genesis, 
That seith, with swynke and with swot and swetynge face 
By-tulye and by-trauaile treuly oure lyf-lode. 
I'iers Plowman (C), ix. 241. 
In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread. 
Gen. iii. 19. 
All drown'd in sweat the panting mother flies. 
Pope, Iliad, xi. 159. 
I found the patient almost pulseless, pale, cold, and 
covered with clammy sweat. 
J.M. Camochan, Operative Surgery, p. 60. . iv , ,, vitti ^ 1 ^L^MII na ^=,, aiou, ^uanj 
2. The state of one who sweats or perspires; on work on the sweating or underpaying sys- 
sweating; especially, such a state produced tern, 
medicinally; diaphoresis. 
6104 
I could out-plead 
An advocate, and sweat as much as he 
Does for a double fee, ere you should suffer 
In an honest cause. 
Fletcher, Spanish Curate, iii. 3. 
Henceforth, said God, the wretched Sons of Earth 
Shall sweat for Food in vain. 
Cowley, Tree of Knowledge, st. 4. 
5. To labor under a burden as of punishment 
or extortion ; suffer ; pay a penalty. [Slang.] 
6. To work for starvation wages ; also, 
Indeed your worship should do well to advise him 
To cleanse his body, all the three highways ; 
That is, by sweat, purge, and phlebotomy. 
B. Jonson, Magnetick Lady, iii. 4. 
Soft on the flowery herb I found me laid, 
In balmy sweat. Milton, P. L., viii. 255. 
3. That which causes sweat ; labor ; toil ; drud- 
gery; also, a sudorific medicine. 
This painful labour of abridging . . . was not easy, but 
a matter of sweat and watching. 2 Mac. ii. 26. 
Ease and leisure was given thee for thy retired thoughts, 
out of the sweat of other men. 
Milton, Church-Government, ii., Pref. 
4. That which resembles sweat, as dew ; also, 
moisture exuded from green plants piled in a 
heap : as, the sweat of hay or grain in a mow or 
stack. 
The Muse's friend (gray-eyde Aurora) yet 
Held all the meadows in a cooling sweat. 
W. Browne, Britannia's Pastorals, ii. 2. 
5. A sweating process, as in tanning hides. 
6f. Sweating-sickness. 
Certain this yere, and of late, have had the Swet; the 
oonly name and voyce wherof is soo terrible and fearful in 
his Highnes [Henry VIII. 's]eeres that he dare in noowise 
approch vnto the place where it is noysed to have been. 
Stephen Gardener, To Cardinal Wolsey (Ellis's Hist. 
[Letters, 3d ser., I. 346). 
Bradford, being at Cambridge, "prophesied truly" to 
the people there "before the sweat came, what would 
come if they repented not their carnal gospelling." 
Bioij. Notice of Bradford, Works (Parker Soc., 1853), 
[II. xxiv. 
Thus, what with the war, what with the sweat, what 
with the gallows, and what with poverty, I am custom- 
shrunk. Shalt., M. for M., i. 2. 84. 
7. A short run of a horse in exercising him. 
8. In the manufacture of bricks, tiles, etc., 
that stage in the burning in which the hy- 
drated oxid of alumina in the clay parts with 
its water Bloody sweat, the exudation of sweat 
mixed with blood; hemathidrosis : a very rare affection. 
English sweat. Same as sweating -sickness. Gipsy 
sweat. See Gipsy. =Syn. 1. See perspiration. 
sweat (swet), i'.; pret. and pp. sweat or sweat- 
ed, ppr. sweating. [Also dial, swat; < ME. 
sweten, sweetc (pret. swette, swatte), < AS. swxtan 
= MD. swetten, D. zwceten = MLG. sweten, LG. 
sweten, sweat, = OHG. sweizzan, roast, MHG. 
sweizen, G. scliweissen, hammer or weld red-hot 
metal together (cf. OHG. swizzen, MHG. swit- 
zen, G. scltwitzen, sweat), = Icel. sveita = Sw. 
svettas = Dan. svede, sweat; cf. L. sudare (> It. 
sitdare = Sp. sudar = Pg. sti/ir Pr. suar, suzar 
= P. suer), sweat Gr. iSpoirv, Skt. / svid, sweat: 
see sweat, .] I. intrans. 1. To excrete sen- 
sible moisture from the skin, or as if from the 
skin; perspire; especially, to perspire exces- 
sively. 
His hakeney, that was al pomely grys, 
So swatte that it wonder was to see. 
Chaucer, Prol. to Canon's Yeoman's Tale, 1. 7. 
And notwithstanding that these Winds [on the Coast of 
Coromandel] are so hot, yet the Inhabitants don't sweat 
while they last, for their Skins are hard and rough. 
Dumpier, Voyages, II. iii. 47. 
I have many a time heard both husband and wife one 
couple especially, who were sireatis for a gorgeous clothes' 
emporium say that they had not time to be clean. 
Atayhew, London Labour and London Poor, I. 64. 
To sweat for It, to suffer for an offense ; pay the penalty 
for a wrong done. [Colloq.] 
Well, Jarvis, thou hadst wrongs, and, if I live, 
Some of the best shall meat for '(. 
Beau, and Ft., Coxcomb, v. 1. 
II. trans. 1. To cause to excrete moisture 
from the skin, or, figuratively, as if from the 
skin. 
The imagination, sweated by artificial fire, produces 
nought but vapid bloom. Goldsmith, Taste. 

2. To emit, as from the pores; exude; shed. 
Fro thens a Stones cast toward the Southe is another 
Chapelle, where oure Lord swette droppes of Blood. 
MandevUle, Travels, p. 96. 
To make 
Mine eyes to sweat compassion. 
Shak., Cor., v. 3. 196. 
For him the rich Arabia sweats her gum. Dryden. 
3. To saturate with sweat; spoil with sweat: 
as, to sweat one's collar. 
He dares tell 'em how many shirts he has sweat at ten- 
nis that week. B. Jonson, Cynthia's Revels, ii. 1. 
I trust gentlewomen their diet sometimes a fortnight, 
lend gentlemen holland shirts, and they sweat 'em out at 
tennis, and no restitution. 
Decker and Webster, Northward Ho, iv. 4. 
4. To extort money from ; fleece ; bleed ; op- 
press by exactions; underpay, as shop-hands. 
[Slang or cant.] 
In 1880 the casuals struck against this system [of small 
contractors]. They declared that they were being sweated; 
that the hunger for work induced men to accept starva- 
tion rates. Nineteenth Century, XXII. 489. 
5. To put in pledge ; pawn. [Slang.] 
The night before Larry was stretched, 
The boys they all paid him a visit. 
A bit in their sacks too they fetched ; 
They sweated their duds till they riz it. 
R. Bwrrowes, in Prout's Reliques, p. 267. 
6. To dry or force moisture from, as the wood 
in charcoal-burning by covering over the heap 
closely. 7. In leather-manuf., to loosen the 
hair from, as a hide, by subjecting it to putre- 
factive fermentation in a smoke-house. 8. In 
tobacco-manuf., to render elastic, as the leaves, 
by subjecting them to a slight fermentation. 
9. To join by applying heat after soldering. 
The junction of the coil wires with the segments of the 
commutator is made through large copper plugs, which 
are sweated in to secure perfect contact. 
W. H. Wahl, Galvanoplastic Manipulations, p. 112. 
Cold sweating, in tanning, a process preparatory to the 
removal of the hair and outer skin. It consists in soaking 
the hides in tanks from six to twelve days, in a flow of 
fresh cold water. To sweat coins, more especially gold 
coins, to remove a part of the metal from the surface and 
edges by shaking the coins together in bags, BO that par- 
ticles of the metal are worn off, yet the diminution of the 
value is not readily perceived. R. Cobden. 
His each vile sixpence that the world hath cheated 
And his the art that every guinea sweated. 
Wolcot, Bozzy and Piozzi, ii. 
2. To exude moisture, as green plants piled in sweat-band (swet'band), n. The leather lin- 
neap; also to gather moisture from the sur- ing, usuallv enameled, of a hat or cap, insert- 
rounding air by condensation: as, a new hay- ed for protection against the sweat of the head 
of newly made bricks and brow; a sweat-leather. 
sweat-box (swet'boks), n. 1. A box in which 
hides are sweated in the process of tanning. 
2t. A narrow cell for prisoners. 
; a pitcher of ice-water sweats. 
A pitcher filled with cold water and placed in a room in 
summer will sweat-* least, that i, what it is commonly .,. _ luvv ucll rur ilrlB01lra . 
, T . i . 5 "^" Kr - N - s " LIX - 228 - sweat-canal (swet'ka-nal*),. Same as sweat- 
o. 1 o exude as or in the manner of perspira- duct. 
sweatr-center (swet'sen"ter), . A center situ- 
ated in the medulla on either side of the mid- 
dle line. It may be excited by eserine, nicotine, 
and picrotoxin. 
sweat-cloth (swet'kloth), n. A cloth for wiping 
sweat from the face, as a towel or a handker- 
chief; a sudarium. 
tion. 
In the same llande they gather pytche whiche sweateth 
owte of the rockes, beynge muche harder and sourer then 
the pitche of the tree. 
Peter Martyr (tr. in Eden's First Books on America, 
. [ed. Arber, p. 174). 
4. To toil; labor; drudge. 
Utterly rejecting the pleasures of this present life as 
t^r 1 ,'!' i hey b t e h" Who1 -^ 8et u S on the desire of this life sweat-duct (swet'dukt), n. The excretory duct 
% to obtaYnTt 8 ' Walt "" tl and luaauv! hoping 8hort - of sweat-gland. See cut under sweat-gland. 
Sir T. More, Utopia (tr. by Robinson), ii. 11 Sweated (swet'ed), a. 1. Made under the 
If you do sweat to put a tyrant down, sweating system : as, a, sweated coat. 2. Un- 
You sleep in peace the tyrant being slain. derpaid, as a shop-hand under the sweating 
Shak., Rich. III., v. 3. 266. System. 
sweating 
It was a poor consolation to the sweated waistcoat- 
hand to be told that the Amalgamated Engineers had a 
quarter of a million in the bank. 
Nineteenth Century, XXVI. 725. 
It is possible that several of the minor industries of the 
East End are absolutely dependent upon the fact that a 
low type of sweated and overworked labour is employed 
at starvation wages. Contemporary Itec., LVI. 880. 
sweater (swet'er), n. [< sweat + -!.] 1. 
One who sweats. 2. One who or that which 
causes to sweat. Specifically () A sudorific, (i) 
A grinding employer, or a middleman between the em- 
ployer and the workmen ; one who sweats his work-peo- 
ple ; especially, one who employs working tailors at the 
lowest wages. [Slang.] 
The greater part of the work, if not the whole, is let 
out to contractors or middle-men sweaters, as their vic- 
tims significantly call them who, in their turn, let it 
out again, sometimes to the workmen, sometimes to fresh 
middle-men, so that, out of the price paid for labor on 
each article, not only the workmen, but the sweater, and 
perhaps the sweaters sweater, and a third, and a fourth, 
and a fifth, have to draw their profit. 
C. Kingsley, Cheap Clothes and Nasty. (Davies.) 
A Royal Commission has been collecting evidence on 
the subject [of " sweating "], and has established the fact 
that the victims ot the system are not employed in facto- 
ries or ordinary workrooms, but in sweaters' dens. 
New York Tribune, June 11, 1888. 
(c) One of a gang of street ruffians of the time of Queen 
Anne, who, forming a circle around an inoffensive way- 
farer, pricked him with their swords, and compelled him 
to dance till he sweated. 
These sweaters . . . seem to me to have at present but 
a rude kind of discipline amongst them. 
Steele, Spectator, No. 332. 
(d) A woolen jacket or jersey, especially one worn by 
men in training for athletic contests or by acrobats after 
performing. 
Contestants with a proper regard for their health usu- 
ally have thick coats (or sweaters) handy at the finish line, 
and are vigorously rubbed with crash towels immediately 
after a race. Tribune Book of Sports, p. 356. 
3. One who sweats coin. 
No one now actually refuses any gold money in retail 
business, so that the sweater, if he exists at all, has all the 
opportunities he can desire. 
Jevons, Money and Mech. of Exchange, p. 115. 
sweat-fiber (swet'fi"ber), n. One of the ner- 
vous fibers which run to the sweat-glands and 
on stimulation cause a flow of sweat. 
sweatful (swet'ful), a. [< sweat + -//.] 1. 
Covered with sweat; hence, laborious; toil- 
some. 
See here their antitype a crude block raised 
By sweatful smelters on this wooded strand. 
Blackie, Lays of Highlands, p. 106. (Encyc. Diet.) 
2. Expressive of hard work; indicating labo- 
rious struggle. 
The bloated armaments under which all Europe is bend- 
ing to the earth with sweatful groans. 
Lowe, Bismarck, II. 403. 
sweat-gland (swet'gland), n. One of those 
glands of the skin which secrete sweat. Such a 
gland consists of an epithelial tube, 
single or dividing into two (or in the 
larger glands, as in the axilla, into 
four or more) branches, and coiled up 
at its lower end in a loose irregular 
glomerulus. Also called perspira- 
tory, sudoriparous, and sudoriferous 
gland. See also cut under skin. 
sweat-house (swet'hous), . 
1 . See the quotation. 
Each building [of a Pueblo town], 
if of any considerable size, is provid- 
ed with one or more estufas, or sub- 
terranean chambers, where a fire is 
kept constantly burning, and where 
the men of the community meet for 
social, deliberative, and religious 
purposes. A similar usage existed 
among the Floridian tribes ; in fact, 
the rudiments of it may be found 
among most tribes of the continent, 
where the sweat-house, in one form 
or another, is usually a conspicuous 
feature. 
Francis Parkman, in N. A Rev. , 
[CXX.46. 
2. In tanning, a building iu which the depilation 
of hides and skins is performed by sweating. 
sweatily (swet'i-li), adv. In a sweaty manner; 
so as to be moist with sweat, 
sweatiness (swet'i-nes), n. The state of being 
sweaty, or moist with sweat, 
sweating (swet'ing), n. [Verbal n. of sv:eat, p.] 
1 . The act of perspiring ; profuse perspiration ; 
also, the process of producing profuse perspira- 
tion by means of sudorifics, hot baths, etc. 
Why, sir, I thought it duty to informe you 
That you were better match a ruin'd bawd, 
One ten times cured by sweating and the tub. 
Jasper Mayne, City Match, v. 3. 
Sweatings in the night were frequent, and sometimes 
her sufferings ceased when these occurred. 
Alien, and Neural., XI. 148. 
2. Same as sweating system (which see, under 
sweating, p. a.). 
Section of Skin, show- 
ing two Sweat-glands. 
a. epidermis ; b, its 
deeper layer, or rete 
Malpighii ; ftod, cori- 
.denuis.or true skin; 
/, fat-cells; f. coiled 
end of a sweat-gland ; 
h, its duct, opening on 
the surface at i. 
