sweating 
The House of Lords Commit i ' "'/ . - . had 
made men think and {,'ivm tlirin nuitli-r for thought. 
fftMtMlfl r.-nlurii. \\VI.730. 
3. The process of producing cxinhition or <><>/.- 
ing of moisture liy application of heat either 
dry or moist. 4. Specifically, in tanning, a pro- 
cess of removing hair from hides by exposing 
them to moist air. There are varloiu ways of carrying 
out the process. In one method the hides are hnnc In a 
pit, vault, ur building, mid exposed to air at 11 U-nipri atnn- 
ot from 4" to Mi' K., Ilir ail l iiiK kept cold, and saturated 
with moisture liy tin- Injci'tinu ..f a spray of eold sprlng- 
water. A ventilator In the roof permits of circulation of 
nil-, and un nndrrKl'onnd drain from the hottom of the pit 
permits outflow of water and inflow of cold air. 
Sweating (swet'inj;), ;;. (I. [Ppr. of gweal. i'.] 
1. PorapiriiiK freely or profusely. 2. Of or 
pertaining to the employment of persons, as to 
make clothes, at the lowest wages Sweating 
system, the practice, particularly in the tailoring trade, 
of employing men, women, and children to make up 
clothes In their own houses for scant pay. Sec sweater. 
Sub-contracts known as the mealing system. 
Roe, Contemp. Socialism, p. 167. 
The sweating sttntem, by which working people are fur* 
nlshed with employment In various trades at starvation 
wages, is attracting much attention In England. 
New York Tribune, June 11, 1888. 
Sweating-bath (swet'ing-bath), . A bath for 
producing sensible sweat; asudatory; a stove. 
sweating-cloth (swet'iug-kldth), . Same as 
.mi iil-cloth. -.Ynre*. 
sweating-fever (swet'ing-fe'ver), . Same as 
0105 
The rabblement . . . threw up their sweaty night-caps. 
Shall., J. ('., i. i247. 
2. Consisting of sweat. 
No humours gross, or frowzy steame, 
No noisome whiffs, or ncraty itreune. 
Swift, Btrephon and Chloe. 
3. Causing sweat; laborious; toilsome. 
This sweaty haste 
Doth make the night joint-labourer with the day. 
Shalt., Hamlet, I. 1. 77. 
If he would needs put his foot to such a twenty service, 
the odour of bis Mock was like to be neither musk nor 
benjamin. Milton, Apology for Smectymnuus. 
sweddle (swed'l), r. i.; jiri't. and pp. .-.tmtilli'tl. 
ppr. meddling. [Appar. a var. ofsicaddle, with 
sense due to swell.] To swell; puff out. Hal- 
liinlt. [Prov. Eng.] 
Swede (swed), n. [Formerly also fiweed; = F. 
sweep 
Swedish flr, a commercial name of the Scotch pine. See 
pine l . Swedish gloves, Kl"ven of undressed kid that 
is, gloves made with the smooth side of the skin next the 
sweating-house (swet'ing-hous), n. 1. A house 
for sweating persons as a hygienic or curative 
process. 
At the Hummum's In Covent Garden are the best ac- 
commodations for Persons of Quality to Sweat or Bath 
every day In the week, the Conveniences of all kinds far 
exceeding all other Bagnios or Sweating-How** both for 
Klch and Poor. 
Quoted in Ashton's Social Life in Reign of Queen Anne, 
[II. 117. 
2. In Spain, a long low hut in which sheep 
are closely packed the night before they are 
shorn, in order that the animal heat may soften 
the fleece and make it easier to cut. 
sweating-iron (swet'ing-I'ern), n. A kind of 
knife-like scraper to remove sweat from horses. 
sweating-pit (swet'ing-pit), . In tanning, a 
pit or inclosure wherein the depilation of hides 
is accomplished by the process called sweating. 
sweating-room (swet'ing-rom), n. 1. A room 
for sweating persons, as in the Turkish bath. 
As the theory had been advanced that a Turkish bath 
was an excellent preventive [of hydrophobia], he submit- 
ted to several hours In the sweating -room. 
Set. Amtr., N. 8., LIV. 3. 
2. In dairy business, a room for sweating 
cheese and carrying off the superfluous juices. 
sweating-sickness (swet'ing-sik'nes), . Su- 
dor aiigneanus, ephemera sudatoria, or ephem- 
era maligna : a febrile epidemic disease, in some 
places extremely fatal, which made its appear- 
ance in England in August, 1485, and at differ- 
ent periods until 1551, and spread extensively 
on the Continent. It was characterized by profuse 
sweating, and was frequently fatal in a few hours. It 
seems to have resembled somewhat the later epidemics of 
miliary fever. Also called English sweat, sweating-fever. 
This Year, by reason of a Siceating-sicknfss, Michaelmas 
Term was adjourned. Baker, Chronicles, p. 265. 
The king [Richard III.] was now seriously alarmed, and 
sent another summons to Lord Stanley requiring his own 
immediate presence ; to which he replied by sending an 
excuse that he was ill of the sweating sickness. 
J. Oairdner, Richard III., vi. 
Malwa sweating-sickness, a disease occurring in In- 
dia, notably in the province of Malwa, which appears to be 
allied to the worst form of cholera, and to bear a close re- 
lation to malignant congestive fever. Dunglison. 
sweating-tub (swet'ing-tub), n. A tub used 
for a hot bath, or sweating-bath. 
These new Fanatics of not the preaching but the sweat- 
ing-tub. Milton, Free Commonwealth. 
sweat-leather (swet'leTH'er), w. 1. A leather 
flap attached to a stirrup-leather to protect the 
rider's leg from the sweat of the horse. 2. A 
sweat-band. 
sweatless(swet'le8),a. [< sweat + less.'] With- 
out sweat ; hence, without labor. 
Thou for whom Harvest all the yeer doth last, 
That in poor Desarts rich aboundance heap'st, 
That sweat-less eat'st, and without sowing reap'st. 
Sylvester, tr. of Du Bartas's Weeks, ii., The Lawe. (Dames.) 
sweat-lodge (swet'loj), n. Same aasiceat-house. 
Ann r. Nor. I'xi/i'liiail Itrseiirch. I. 141. 
sweat-stock (swet'stok), . In tanning, a col- 
lect ive term for skins or hides which have been 
unhaired by treatment in the sweating-pit. 
sweaty (suet 'i), n. [< siceat + -y 1 .] 1. Moist 
or stained with sweat: as, a sweaty skin. 
SIH il<- = MD. Sicede, D. Zweed = MHO. 
SH-I ill . I ;. AV/;-rd = Goth.*.S'iref/lrt (pi. SlCftlttllix, 
in Jornandes) ; cf. L. Sitones, a people of north- 
ern Germany, near the Suiones; cf. Icel. Sviar 
= Sw. Svear, Swedes; Icel. Srrnxkr, $menskr = 
Sw. Dan. Svensk, Swedish; Icel. Sciariki = Sw. 
.SivTi/e = Dan. Sverrig = AS. Sweorice, Swio- 
rice, Sweden, lit. 'kingdom of the Swedes'; as 
Steedn, Swion (L. Suiones), the Swedes, -I- rict, 
kingdom. The name Sweden, D. Zweden, G. 
Schweden, was orig. dat. pi. of Swede.] 1. A 
native of Sweden, a kingdom of Europe which 
occupies the eastern part of the Scandinavian 
peninsula. Since 1814 it has been united with 
Norway under a common sovereign. 2. [cap. 
or I. c.J A Swedish turnip. 
Past rhododendron shrubberies, broad fields of golden 
stubble, sweet clover, and gray swedes, with Ogwen mak- 
ing music far below. Kinpsley, Two Years Ago, xxl. 
3f. A camion consisting of a thin metal tube 
wound around with rope and covered with 
leather. Such cannon are said to have carried about a 
auarter of the load of an Iron cannon. They were intro- 
uced by the Swedes, and used until the battle of Leipsic. 
Swedenborgian (swe-dn-bor'ji-an), a. and n. 
[< Swedenborg, the name of a Swedish family, 
changed from Sredberg when it was ennobled 
in 1719.] I. o. Pertaining or relating to Eraan- 
uel Swedenborg (1688-1772), a Swedish scien- 
tific and religious author, or to Swedenborgian- 
ism. 
H. M. A believer in the theology and reli- 
gious doctrines of Swedenborg ; a New Church- 
man. Swedenborg held Rev. xxl. 2, "And I John saw 
the holy city, new Jerusalem, coming down from God out 
of heaven," to be a prediction of the establishment of a 
new dispensation, the initiation of which took place by 
the execution of the last judgment In the spiritual world 
In the year 1757, whereby man was restored to moral free- 
dom by the restriction of evil Infestations, the power of 
which had threatened its utter extinction. In proof of 
this belief, his followers point to the unparalleled spiri- 
tual and material progress of mankind since that date. 
They were first organized in London (where Swedenborg 
long resided) in 1788, under the name of the " Society of 
the New Church signified by the New Jerusalem," usually 
abbreviated to New Church. Professed Swedenborgians, 
though widely scattered, have never been numerous; bat 
Swedenborg himself appears not to have contemplated 
the formation of a separate church, trusting to the per- 
meation of his doctrines through the existing churches. 
Swedenborgians believe that this process is going on, and 
that thus the new dispensation is making its way inde- 
pendently of their own organization or efforts, and even 
without the conscious knowledge of most of those affected 
by it. Swedenborg considered himself the divinely ap- 
pointed herald and expounder of this dispensation, being 
prepared for the office by open intercourse during many 
years with spirits and angels (all originally human beings), 
and with God himself, who revealed to him the spiritual 
or symbolic sense of the Divine Word (which the world 
had not previously been in a state to receive or appre- 
hend), setting forth spiritual and celestial truths in every 
part through the correspondence of all material things 
with the spiritual principles, good or evil, of which they 
are the outgrowth and manifestation. This doctrine of 
correspondences is the foundation of his system, which he 
elaborated with uniform consistency In many volumes, all 
first published in Latin. In this correspondence consists 
the plenary Inspiration of the Word, which includes only 
the Pentateuch, Joshua, Judges, Samuel. Kings, the Proph- 
ets and Psalms, the four Gospels, and the Apocalypse ; the 
other books of the Bible are valuable for instruction, bnt 
lack this divine character. 
Swedenborgianism (swe-dn-b6r'ji-an-izm), n. 
[< Swedenborgian + -ism.'] The doctrines and 
practice of the Swedenborgians. 
tabling to Sweden or its inhabitants Swedish 
beam-tree. See Pyrut. Swedish coffee. Seeco/. 
Swedish feather, (o) A weapon of the type of the par- 
tlzan. (b) An iron-pointed stake: same as palisade, 2. 
Compare swine's-feather. 
I was often obliged to ran my head against my old ac- 
quaintances "the Sirrdixh feathers," whllk your honour 
must conceive to be double-pointed stakes, shod with iron 
at each end, and planted before the squad of pikes to pre- 
vent an onfall of the cavalry. Scott, Legend of Montrose, II. 
, 
IKIIU), anil l !i> i IMI-II or split surface outside. 
< :illr,l hy tin- tnu> h iiaini-. '/null de Surde. Swedish 
Juniper. See juniper. Swedish leech, tin: <-<,nmioii 
ni.-itirirml leech, Ilirvtitt mtdicinnli*. Swedish turnip. 
See rutafcn;/o. Swedish work, a kind of hand-weaving 
by which flat, narrow webbing Is produced, which is a 
good substitute for braid, and can be done in various colon 
aildpatterns. 
II. a. The language of the Swedes: a Scan- 
dinavian dialect, akin to Norwegian, Danish, 
and Icelandic. 
Sweedt, . An obsolete spelling of Swede. 
sweeny (swe'ni), n. [Origin obscure.] Wast- 
ing of the shoulder-muscles in the horse, result- 
ing from disuse of the corresponding limb. This 
disuse may be due to a variety of injuries, end- 
ing in lameness. Also mrinney. 
The shrinkage . . . commonly called sweeny Is due to 
some lameness of the foot or limb, which Induces the 
horse to favor the shoulder and throw the muscles out of 
uie. Sci. Amer., N. S., LV1I. 7*. 
sweep (swep), v. ; pret. and pp. swept, ppr. sireeji- 
imj. [Early mod. E. a\so_stcepc; < JAE.jwepen 
(pret. swepte), < AS.'siexpan (pret. "swxpte), a 
secondary form of swdpan (pret. gtcedp), sweep ; 
= OFries. mrejia = LG. steepen, sweep (with 
a broom), = OHG. sireifan, AlHG. sweifen, Q. 
sehweifen, intr. slip, sweep, ramble, etc., tr. 
sweep, turn, = Icel. sreipa, sweep, swoop; cf. 
swape, swipe, swoop. The forms and senses are 
much involved, and the verb is now usually 
treated as if meaning primarily 'sweep with a 
broom.'] I. intrans. 1. To move or pass along 
with a swift waving or surging movement : as, 
the wind sweeps along the plain; pass with over- 
whelming force or violence, especially over a 
surface : as, a sweeping flood. 
A sweeping rain which leaveth no food. Prov. ixviii. S. 
The sky blackened, and the storm swept down. 
William Harris, Earthly Paradise, II. 246. 
One day the poet's harp lay on the ground. 
Though from it rose a strange and trembling sound, 
What time the wind swept over with a moan. 
It. W. Hiliier, Poet and his Master, 11. 
2. To pass with pomp, as if with trailing gar- 
ments : sometimes with an indefinite it. 
She sweeps it through the court with troops of ladles. 
Shale., 2 lien. VI., I. S. 80. 
Why do we not say, as to a divors't wife, those things 
which are yours take them all with you, and they shall 
sweepe alter you ? Milton, Apology for Smectymnnus. 
3. To move with a long reach ; move with a 
prolonged sliding or trailing motion: as, a 
sweeping stroke. 
The seeming stars fall headlong from the skies ; 
And, shooting through the darkness, gild the night 
With sweeping glories, and long trails of light. 
Dryden, tr. of Virgil's Georgics, L 504. 
4. To pass systematically over a surface in 
search of something; especially, to move the 
line of vision in such a way as to search every 
part of a given angular area : a modification of 
the transitive use II., 5. Hence, in astron., to search 
systematically any part of the heavens by moving the 
telescope, or, especially, by allowing it to remain mo- 
tionless until the diurnal motion has carried a certain 
part of the heavens through the field, when the tele- 
scope is carried back to the west and set to the next ad- 
jacent zone. 
Far as the ranging eye can sweep, 
A dazzling deluge reigns. Thomson. 
5. To pass over a surface with a broom or be- 
som; clean up: as, a servant engaged to sweqi 
and scrub. 6. To swing or slat the flukes 
from side to side, as a whale when wounded 
or attacked. It Is the characteristic method of de- 
fense. The fullest action of the flukes Is called sweeping 
(or *fattinj7)/roin eye to eye. To sweep for an anchor. 
See anchor!. 
II. trans. 1. To move, drive, or carry forward 
or away by overwhelming force or violence; 
remove or gather up by a long brushing stroke : 
literally or figuratively : as, the wind sweeps the 
snow from the tops of the hills; a lie MM! sweeps 
away a bridge or a house. 
Death 's a devouring gamester, 
And sweeps up all. Shirley, Traitor, v. 1. 
You seem'd that wave about to break upon me, 
And sweep me from my hold upon the world. 
Tennyson, Merlin and Vivien. 
Friends, companions, and train 
The avalanche swept from our side. 
JT. Arnold, Rugby ChapeL 
To avoid being twept on the rocks, which were all afoam, 
we had to row direct eastward. 
H. M. Stanley, Through the Dark Continent, July 24, 1876. 
2. To carry with a long swinging or dragging 
movement; trail pompously. 
Let frantic Talbot triumph for a while. 
And like a peacock sweep along his tall. 
Shak., 1 Hen. VI., I1L S. C. 
