synapte 
contains two of the latter petitions of the great synapte, 
followed by an ascription ; both are also used in a number 
of other offices. Many writers use collect as an English 
equivalent of ttynapte, but the Western collect is entirely 
dilferent In character. See litany. 
Synaptera (si-uap'te-ni), n. pi. [NL., < Gr. 
avv, with, + NL. Apteru, q. v.] A superorder 
of insects, the Thysanura. A. S. I'iickard. 
synapterous (si-nap'te-rus), a. Pertaining to 
the Hynaptera, or having their characters. 
synapticula (siu-ap-tik'u-la), n. ; pi. synaptictt- 
Ise (-le). [NL., < Gr. cvi'axTdc, joined together 
(see Synapta), + dim. term, -ieula.] One of the 
numerous cross-bars which connect the septa 
of certain actinozoan corals. They are processes of 
calcined substance which grow out toward one another 
from the opposite sides of adjacent septa.and stretch across 
the interseptal loculi like trellis-work, or are developed 
into ridges between the 
septa. Such formations 
are characteristic of the 
Fungiidee. 
synapticular (sin- 
ap-tik'u-lar), a. [< 
synaplicuta + -ar 3 .] 
Of the character of 
a synapticula; per- 
taining to or pro- 
vided with synap- 
ticula? : as , sj/n ap ticu- 
lar bars, processes, 
or ridges; synaptic- 
ular loculi. 
Synaptidse (si-nap'- 
ti-de), n. pi. [NL., 
< Synapta + -idee.] 
A family of her- 
maphrodite holo- 
thurians, typified by 
the genus Synapta. , perisoma; l>, b, circumesopha- 
They have flve ambula- Seal calcareous plates; ,. tentacular 
cralcanals, .polar mouth 3S&'S$g?i. d'ividedVil 
of circumoral nerve: A, circular am- 
bulacra) vessel with Polian vesicle ; f, 
cavity of H longitudinally divided ten- 
tacle, into which a tentacular canal 
opens; *, generative caeca ; /.mesen- 
tery with the dorsal blood-vessel ; m, 
so-called auditory vesicle on the ra- 
dial nerve ; n, it. longitudinal periso- 
inatic muscles ; a, tentacular pedicels ; 
/, oral disk. 
and anus, and no Cu- 
vierian organs, no water- 
lungs, and no pedicels. 
Locomotion is effected 
by the peculiar spicules 
or hard calcareous bod- 
ies in the integument, of 
various shapes, as plates, 
wheels, and anchors. 
There are several genera besides Synapta, as Chirodota, 
Myriotrochus, Oliyotrochus, and Anapta. They are fragile 
marine organisms, vermiform, and so transparent or with 
such thin and colorless skin that the internal organs may 
be seen through it. 
Synaptomys (si-nap'to-mis), n. [NL. (S. F. 
Baird, 1857), < Gr. awd-rdf, joined together, + 
pvf, a mouse.] A remarkable genus of Arvico- 
linse, connecting the lemmings with ordinary 
voles or field-mice (whence the name). The up- 
per incisors are grooved, a feature unique in the subfam- 
ily ; the teeth in other respects, and the skull, are as in the 
true lemmings of the genus Myodes, while the external 
characters are those of Arvicola proper. There is only 
Lemming-vole (Synnptoniys cocftri). 
one species, S cooperi, a rare and little-known animal in- 
habiting North America from Indiana, Illinois, and Kan- 
sis to Alaska, about 4 inches long, much resembling the 
common American meadow-mouse (Areicola riparius) 
Synaptosauria (si-nap-to-sa'ri-a), n.pl. [NL., 
< Gr. o-Mj7rr<5f, joined together, + aaiipof, a 
lizard.] In Cope's classification (1871), a super- 
order of Reptilia, containing the orders Kliyn- 
chocepltalia, Testudinata, and Sauropterygia. 
synaptosaurian (si-nap-to-sl'ri-an), a. and n. 
[< Synaptosauria + -an.'] ' I. a. 'Pertaining to 
the Synaptosauria, or having their characters. 
II. n. A member of the Synaptosauria. 
synaptychus (si-nap'ti-kus), w. [NL., < Gr. aim, 
together, + NL. aptychtis, q. v.] An aptychus 
formed of two pieces soldered together at the 
middle, as in scaphites. See aptycJius. 
synarchy (sin'ar-ki), n.; pi. synarcliics (-kiz). 
[< Gr. awapx'ia. joint administration/ awdpxeiv, 
rule jointly with, < aiv, together, + apxeiv, rule.] 
Joint rule or sovereignty. [Bare.] 
The synarchies or joint reigns of father and son. 
Stactthome, Hist. Bible. 
6132 
synartesis (sin-fir-te'sis), . [< Gr. nvvapTt]at<:, 
a fastening or knitting together, < cvvaprav, 
hang up with, join together, < aiv, together, + 
aprav, fasten to, hang upon, < T/ ar, join : see 
tirm 1 , art'- 1 .] A fastening or knitting together; 
the state of being closely united; close or inti- 
mate union. Coleridge. 
synartetic (sin-jir-tet'ik), . [< Gr. avvaprrjaic, 
a junction, union, combination of words. Cf. 
axynartele.] In anc.pros., consisting of or char- 
acterized by a succession of feet, measures, or 
cola uninterrupted by interior catalexis: op- 
posed to asynartete. 
synarthrodia (sin-iir-thro'di-a), n. ; pi. syiiar- 
throdite (-e). Same as synartlirosis. 
synarthrodial (sin-ar-thro'di-al), a. [< nynar- 
tlirosis + -i-al, conformed terminally to artliro- 
dial.~\ Immovably articulated, as two bones; 
immovable, or permitting no motion, as an ar- 
ticulation ; pertaining to synarthrosis, or hav- 
ing its character Synarturodial cartilage, the 
cartilage of any fixed or out slightly movable articula- 
tion. 
synarthrodially (sin-ar-thro'di-al-i), aclf. So 
as to be immovably articulated; in a synar- 
throdial manner; by means of syuarthrosis; 
suturally. 
synarthrosis (sin-ar-thro'sis), n. ; pi. sytiur- 
throses (-sez). [NL., < Gr. aviiapO/iuoif, the con- 
dition of being joined together, a joining toge- 
ther, < awapOpoi'v, link together, < aiv, together, 
4- apBpovv, fit together, < apdpov, a joint, a sock- 
et.] Immovable articulation ; a joint permit- 
ting no motion between or among the bones 
which enter into its composition : one of three 
principal kinds of articulation, distinguished 
from amplriartliroste, or mixed articulation, and 
(Uartlirosin, or movable articulation ; a suture. 
Examples of synarthrosis in the human body are all the 
sutures of the skull, including that variety called schindy- 
lesis, and the socketing of the teeth, technically called gom- 
phosis. Synarthrosis also includes such articulations as 
the sacro-iliac gynchondrosis and the pubic symphysis 
when these become fixed, and is prone to become ankylo- 
ais, or complete bony union. Compare symphysis. Also 
called synarthrodia. 
synascete (sin'a-set), . [LGr. avvaaKt/rr/f.'] A 
fellow-ascetic. 
The friends of great Saints are described [in the calen- 
dar of the Creek Church] as their synascetes. 
J. SI. Scale, Eastern Church, i. 763. 
Synascidiae (sin-a-sid'i-e), n. ]iL [NL., < Gr. 
avv, with, + NL. Ascidiee.] A group or division 
of tunicates, containing certain compound as- 
cidians, as those of the family Botnjllidte (which 
see). Also called Composite. 
synastry (si-nas'tri), . [As if < Gr. avvaarpia, 
a constellation/ avv, together, + aorpov, a star.] 
Coincidence as regards stellar influence; the 
state of having similar starry influences presid- 
ing over one's fortune, as determined by astro- 
logical calculation. Motley. [Rare.] 
synathroismus (sin-ath-roiz'mus), n. [< Gr. 
ai'vadpoio/tof, accumulation, < aiv, with, together, 
+ a6poiafj6f, condensation, < aOpoi&iv, collect.] 
In rliet., a kind of amplification, consisting in 
the accumulation of words and phrases equiva- 
lent or presenting different particulars of the 
same subject. 
synaugeia (sin-a-ji'a), n. [NL. ; cf. Gr. avvav- 
yeia, the meeting of the rays of sight from the 
eye with the rays of light from the object 
seen, < avv, with, together, + avyfi, the light of 
the sun.] The part of the earth's surface or 
moon's surface where the sun is wholly above 
the horizon. 
synaulia (si-na'li-a), n. [< Gr. avvavAia (see 
def.), < avv, together, + at>/lor, a flute.] In anc. 
Or. music, a composition for flutes together or 
in alternation. 
synaxarion (sin-ak-sa'ri-on), .; pi. syitaxaria 
(-ii). [< LGr. mmaftputv, a register of the life 
of a saint, < Gr. oi>vat;if, a bringing together: 
see synaxis.] In the Gr. CJi., a lection contain- 
ing an account of the life of a saint, selected 
from the menology. The synaxaria are read after 
the sixth ode of the canon for the day, and are also col- 
lected and published in a separate volume. Also gynax- 
ary. synaxar. J. M. Neale, Eastern Church, i. 800. 
synaxis (si-nak'sis), n.; pi. synaxes (-sez). [< 
L. synaxis, < Gr. aiva^if, a gathering, a collec- 
tion, < avvaytiv, bring together, < aiv, together, 
+ aystv, drive, lead: see agent.] In the early 
church, an assembly for public worship, espe- 
cially for the eucharist; hence, public wor- 
ship, especially the celebration of the eucha- 
rist. 
Not to eat and celebrate eynaxes and church-meetings 
with such who are declared criminal and dangerous. 
Jer. Taylor, Holy Dying, v. 4. 
synchoresis 
Synbranchidae, Synbranchus. See Syml>ran- 
cliiilie, Ki/mbrancliiis. 
syncarp (sin'kiirp), n. [< NL. syncarpimn, < Gr. 
am, together, + Kap-uf, fruit.] In bot.: () An 
aggregate fruit, like the blackberry, magnolia, 
custard-apple, etc. ; also, a multiple fruit, like 
the fig, mulberry, partridge-berry, etc. See 
fruit, 4, and cuts under Attotia, Magnolia, mul- 
berry, and I'lii/tclcptias. (b) Same as setlialiiim. 
Syncarpia (siu-kili-'pi-ji.), n. [NL. (Tenore, 
1840), so called with ref.'to the head of fruit; < 
Gr. an, together, + /capjrof, fruit.] A genus of 
polypetalous trees, of the order Hyrtaccee, tribe 
Leptospermeie, and subtribe Metrosiderese. It is 
characterized by feather-veined leaves, flowers crowded 
into globose stalked heads, and numerous free stamens in 
one or two rows. The two species are trees with opposite 
ovate evergreen leaves, natives of east ern Australia. They 
differ from Mftrosideros, in which they have been some- 
times classed, in their globose flower-heads, which are 
lateral, or grouped in terminal panicles. In 5. laurifolia 
the flowers in the head become connate by their calyces, 
each of which contains at its bottom a three-celled adnate 
ovary with numerous ovules; in S. leptopetala each calyx 
is free, the ovary is two-celled, and the ovules are solitary, 
an unusual character in the order. These trees attain a 
height of about 60 feet. 5. laurifolia, known as the tur- 
pentine-tree, produces an aromatic oil. and a soft, brittle, 
but very durable wood, used for flooring and, as it takes 
a high polish, for cabinet-work. 
syncarpium (sin-kiir'pi-um), n.; pi. syncarpia 
(-a). [NL.: see syncarp.'] In bot., same as 
syncarp. 
syncarpOUS (sin-kar'pus), . [< syncarp + -OH*.] 
In lot., having the character of a syncarp. 
Syncarpous pistil, a compound pistil that is, one con- 
sisting of several carpels united. 
syncarpy (sin'kar-pi), n. [< syncarp + -yS.] 
The state of having consolidated carpels. 
syncategorematic (sin-kat-e-gor-e-mat'ik), a. 
and n. [< Gr. myiamfyepqfiaTiKOf,^ avyKarri^pj^a, 
a co-predicate/ ovyKaTrrfopelv, predicate jointly, 
< aiv, together, + Karr/yopeiv, predicate, assert: 
see categorem, categorematic.] I. a. In logic, 
noting or relating to words which cannot singly 
express a term, but only a part of a term, as 
adverbs and prepositions. Syncategorematic 
quantity. See quantity. 
II. n. In logic, a word which cannot bo used 
as a term by itself, as an adverb or a preposi- 
tion. 
syncategorematically (siu-kat-e-gor-e-mat'i- 
kal-i), adv. In the manner of an adverb or a 
preposition. 
syncephalus (sin-sef'a-lus), n.; pi. syiicepJiali 
(-11). [NL., < Gr. aiv, together, + Kf0aA//, head.] 
In teratol., a double monster with more or less 
fusion of the heads: same as monocephalus. 
syncerebral (sin-ser'e-bral), a. [< syncerebrum 
+ -al.] Composing or pertaining to a syncere- 
brum, or having its characters. 
Syncerebrum (sin-ser'e-brum), n. ; pl.syncerebra 
(-bra). [NL.,< Gr. aiv', together, + L. cerebrum, 
brain: see cerebrum.] In entom., a compound 
brain; a number of cephalic nervous lobes or 
ganglia regarded as together constituting a 
brain. [Bare.] 
The brain is therefore ... a gyncerebrum, the compo- 
nents being the brain proper or pro-cerebral lobes, the op- 
tic ganglia, and the first and second antennal lobes. 
A. S. Packard, Hem. Nat. Acad. Sci., III. 5. 
synchilia (sin-kU'i-a), n. [NL., < Gr. aiv, with, 
together, + ^-(Aoc lip-] Atresia of the lips. 
synchondrosial (sing-kon-dro'si-al), a. [< syn- 
chondrosis + -al.] Pertaining to or of the na- 
ture of synchondrosis. 
synchonarosis(sing-kon-dr6'sis), n. [NL., < Gr. 
avyxovtpuatf, & growing into one cartilage, < aiv, 
together, + ^ovd/wc, a cartilage: seeclioi/dms.] 
In aiiat., union of bones by means of cartilage ; 
a kind of articulation in which a layer or plate 
of cartilage so intervenes between the apposed 
surfaces of the bones that the joint has little if 
any motion. Synchondrosis is exemplified in the mode 
of connection of the bodies of the vertebite wilh one an- 
other, in the pubic symphysis, and especially in the sacro- 
iliac articulation, the term being now almost restiicted to 
this joint, technically called the sacro iliac synchondrosis. 
In Chelys, Chelodina, and some other genera, the ilia 
unite by synchondrosis, or anchylofis, with the last costal 
plate. Huxley, Anat. Vert., p. 178. 
Synchondrotomy (sing-kon-drot'o-mi), n. [< 
Gr. avyxovApuais, a growing into one cartilage, 
+ -TO/iia, < re/ivuv, ra/jtlv, cut.] Section of 
a synchondrosis; specifically, section of the 
symphysis pubis, commonly called sympliyseot- 
omy. 
Synchoresis (sing-ko-re'sis), . [< Gr. evyxupi!- 
ovf, acquiescence, concession, < or) xupriv, come 
together, unite, concede, < aiv, together, + x u - 
p-lv, give way, draw back, < X"P<:, space, room, 
place.] In rlict., an admission or concession, 
