synsarcosis 
synsarcosis ( sin-siir-ko'sis), M. Same us X//XXIO - 
OOtif* 
synsepalous (sin-sep'si-lus), <i. [< (ir. ofer, to- 
gether. + Nib MjfMMMI, a sepal.] In fto/.,same 
as iininiifi iiilliilis. 
synspermy (sin'sper-mi), . [< (ir. (TIT, to- 
gether, + aitlpfia, seed.] In hot., the union of 
two or more seeds. 
syntactic (sin-tuk'tik), . and n. [= Sp. xin- 
Ini'ticii (t-t. I 1 '. Kynta.i'ii/ur. prop, "siiiitni'lit/iii -), < 
Gr. aivTafif (OVVTUKT-), a joining together, syn- 
tax: m'pxynltix.] I. . If. Conjoinod; lilted to 
each other. Johnson. 2. In i/rtim., pertaining 
or according to the rules of syntax or construc- 
tion. 
If . . . you strike ont the Saxon element, there remains 
but a jumblu of articulate sounds without coherence, fyn- 
tactic relation, or intelligible significance. 
0. P. Marsh, Lects. on Eng. Lang., vlii. 
H. w. A branch of mathematics including 
permutations, combinations, variations, the bi- 
nomial theorem, and other doctrines relative to 
the number of ways of putting things together 
under given conditions. 
syntactical (sin-tak'ti-kal), a. [< syntactic + 
-/.] Same as syntactic. 
The various nimtaelical structures occurring in the ex- 
amples have been carefully noted. Johnson, Pref. to Diet. 
syntactically (sin-tak'ti-kal-i), adv. In a syn- 
tactical manner; as regards syntax ; in confor- 
mity to syntax. (>. I'. Marsh, Lects. on Eng. 
Lang., xii. 
syntagma (sin-tag'ma), n. [NL., < Gr. aiv- 
Ta)fui, that which is put together, < avvrdooeiv, 
put together: see syntax. Ct.tagma.] In hot., 
a general term applied by Pfeffer to all bodies 
made up of tagmata, or theoretical aggregates 
of chemical molecules. See tag-ma. 
syntagmatite (sin-tag'ma-tit), n. [< syntag- 
ma(t-) + -ite 2 .] A name given by Breithaupt 
to the black hornblende of Monte Somma, 
Vesuvius: later used by Scharizer for a hy- 
pothetical orthosilicate assumed by him to ex- 
plain the composition of the aluminous am- 
phiboles. 
syntax (sin'taks), . [Formerly, as LL., /- 
taxis, sintaxis; < F. syntaxe = Sp. sintaxis = Pg. 
syntaxe = It. sintassi = D. syntaxis = G. Sw. 
Dan. syntax, < LL. syntaxis, < Gr. oivrofif, a put- 
ting together, an arrangement or drawing up 
(as of soldiers or words), syntax, < awrdooeiv, 
draw up in order, array, < aiv, together, + raa- 
oetv, arrange, put in order : see tactic, taxis.] If. 
Connected system or order ; union of things. 
The fifth [consideration] is concerning the tyntax and 
disposition of studies, that men may know In what order 
or pursuit to read. Bacon, Advancement of Learning, ii. 
2. In gram., the construction of sentences; the 
due forming and arrangement of words or mem- 
bers of sentences in their mutual relations ac- 
cording to established usage. Syntax includes the 
proper use of parts of speech and of forms in their com- 
binations to make sentences, and their proper arrange- 
ment or collocation. 
syntaxist (sin-tak'sis), n. Same as syntax. 
syntectic (sin-tek'tik), a. [< L. xyntecttcus, < 
Gr. mT>iKTiK6f, apt to melt together or dissolve, 
consumptive, < OVVT^/KCIV, melt together, dis- 
solve: see syntexis.] Relating to syntexis; 
wasting. 
syntectical (sin-tek'ti-kal), . [< syntectic + 
-al.] Same &s syntectic. 
syntenosis (sin-te-no'sis), M.; pi. syntenoses 
(-sez). [NL., < Gr. aiv, together, -I- rfvuv, a 
sinew.] The articulation or connection of 
bones by means of tendons. The joints of the 
fingers and toes are mainly of this character. 
synteresis (sin-te-re'sis), H. [NL., < Gr. awrif 
pr/aif, a watching closely, observation, < awrtf 
peiv, watch closely, observe together, < aiv, to- 
f ether, + Tti/>tlv, watch over, take care or heed, 
tj/poc, a watch, guard.] 1. In med., preserv- 
ative or preventive treatment; prophylaxis. 
2f. Conscience regarded as the internal reposi- 
tory of the laws of right and wrong. 
Synteresis, or the purer part of the conscience, is an In- 
nate habit, and doth signify " a conversation of the know- 
ledge of the law of God and Nature, to know good or evil." 
Burton, Anat of Mel., p. 106. 
synteretic (sin-te-ret'ik), a. [< Gr. awn/ptrri- 
KUI;, watching closely, < aiiTJipetv, watch closely : 
see sitnti n x/'x,] In med., pertaining to synte- 
resis; preserving health ; prophvlactic. 
synteretics (sin-te-ret'iks), H. [PI. of synteretic 
(see -iV.i).] Hygiene. 
syntexis (.sin -tek'sis), . [NL., < L. syntexis, 
< Gr. oivrr/t(, a melting or wasting away, con- 
sumption, < ovivi/Kfiv, melt together, waste or 
6139 
fall away, < aiv, together, + 7-1/1,111. melt, waste 
away.] In in/il., a wasting of the body. 
syntheme (sin'tliem), . [< (!r. aiM/fta, con- 
iiei'!ion,<TiiT;" ._'(! her. <m T, together, 
+ -illh-in, put : see tli,-,,n . \ A system of groups 
of objects comprising every one of a larger set 
just once, twice, or other given number of 
times. Tlie groups may be divided into sub- 
groups subject to various conditions. Dyadic 
gyntheme. See dyadic. 
synthermal (sin-ther'mal), a. [< Gr. ai-v, toge- 
ther, + Ofp/tr/, heat : see Ilicnn, tin ratal.'] Hav- 
ing the same temperature. 
synthronus 
epithet Utuedbutllof Hindi- liiriiialionb. like I In *. and "I 
ehuues of expressions; alwM.r . Ke, or a period 
or class of lantriiiii:''-, uoordlaflj HS expfeMSoni <>( one or 
of the other clans picvall in curl. 
3. Ill //i<//., of a general or comprehensive type 
of structure; combining in one' organism chur- 
acters which arc? to be speeiali/.eil in several 
different organisms in Die course of csolution : 
generuliztMl, not specialized; un<li(Terentiated. 
Thus, the Xymjilipla are a synthetic type, an i-omblnliiK 
characters of theelasucs Myrtapoda ami Btenxxto. sim. 
ng together, con 
position, < owriBh/ai, put togetner, combine, 
aiv, together, + TtStvai, set, place: see thesis.] 1. 
A putting of two or more things together: com- 
position ; specifically, the combination of sepa- 
rate elements or objects of thought into a whole, 
as of simple into compound or complex con- 
ceptions, and individual propositions mtoa sys- 
tem; also, a process of reasoning advancing 
in a direct manner from principles established 
or assumed, and propositions already proved, 
to the conclusion: the opposite of analysis. 
It (speech) should cary an orderly and good construc- 
tion, which they called Syntheru. 
1'uttenham, Arte of Eng. Poesie, p. 130. 
Geometrical deduction (and deduction In general) is 
called synthesis, because we introduce, at successive steps, 
the results of new principle*. But In reasoning on the 
relations of space we sometimes go on separating truths 
into their component truths, and these into other compo- 
nent truths, and so on ; and this is geometrical analysis. 
Wheuxll, Philos. of Inductive Sciences, II. xxlii. 
2. Specifically (a) In gram., the combination 
of radical and formative elements into one word, 
as distinguished from their maintenance in the 
condition of separate words. See synthetic, 2. 
(6) In surg., an operation by which divided 
parts are united, (c) In chein., the uniting of 
elements into a compound; composition or 
combination: the opposite of analysis, which 
is the separation of a compound into its con- 
stituent parts: as, that water is composed of oxy- 
gen and hydrogen is proved both by analysis 
and by synthesis, (d) In acoustics, the combining 
of two or more simple sounds of different pitch, 
as those of several tuning-forks to produce or 
imitate a certain compound sound, as, for ex- 
ample, that of a piano-string Dynamic, pure, 
etc., synthesis. See the adjectives. Synthesis of ap- 
prehension. See apprehension. Synthesis of repro- 
duction. See reproduction. 
synthesise, r. * See synthesize. 
synthesist (sin'the-sist), n. [< synthes-is + 
-1st.] One who employs synthesis, or who fol- 
lows synthetic methods. Compare synthetist. 
Science turns her back on the subject, and the univer- 
sities dismiss AH from the category of studies, and pass it 
over mainly to the painters to discourse on, Ignoring the 
psychological law that no mind can be productively ana- 
lytical and synthetical at the same time, and the artist, 
being perforce a tunlhcsitt, cannot be expected to analyse 
the art which he is, if a true artist, occupied In building. 
A'r Princeton Ree., II. 24. 
synthesize (sin'the-siz), v. t. ; pret. and pp. 
synthesized, ppr. synthesiang. [< synthes-is + 
-ize.] To combine or bring together, as two or 
more things ; unite in one ; treat synthetically. 
Also spelled synthesise. 
The functions of separate organs are subsumed and yn 
thetued Into the activity of a yet higher unity that of 
the organic system to which they belong. 
Hioart, Nature and Thought, p. 187. 
synthetic (sin-thet'ik), a. [= F. synthetique = 
Sp. sintetico = Pg. synthetitjn = It. sintetico, < 
NL. syntheticus, < Gr. awdtrtKor,, skilled in put- 
ting together or in composition, < awri8tyta, put 
together: see synthesis.] 1 . Of or pertaining to 
synthesis; consisting in synthesis: as, the syn- 
thetic method of reasoning, as opposed to the 
analytical. 
In fact, all mathematical judgments are nynthetic, or, 
if analytic judgments are made in mathematics, they are 
quite subordinate in importance. 
E. Caird, Phlloa. of Kant, p. 211. 
That activity which we variously call " poetic," "Imagi- 
native," or "creative "is essentially synthetic, is a pro- 
cess of putting together, while the scientific process seems 
distinctively analytic, or a tearing apart 
S. Lanier, English Novel, p. 69. 
2. Iii gram., characterized by synthesis, or the 
combination of radical and formative elements 
into one word, as distinguished from their main- 
tenance in separate words, which is analytic. 
Thus, man'* is synthetic, of man is analytic : higher is syn- 
thetic, mure high is analytic ; loved Is synthetic, did lore 
is analytic ; and loaiiiaWfur (Latin) and tcill be loved. The 
the general course of evolution is from generals to particu- 
lars, or from generalization to specialization, synthetic 
forms are mostly low or primitive, and les* fully Illiut- 
trated by recent or living than by early inl extinct organ- 
isms. Most foosil types are synthetic in comparison u it h 
existent forms of which they are ancestral. Synthetic 
geometry, geometry treated without algebra, or at least 
without coordinates: opposed to analytical geometry. 
Modern synthetic geometry, which has been almost alto- 
gether the fruit of the nineteenth century, resembles the 
geometry of the Greeks, but far surpasses it In power and 
i..:,uc>. -.,.,,.'/.< Synthetic Judgment "i iirojiu 
sitlon, a judgment professing to contain matter of fact, 
and not mere explication of what is Implicitly contained 
in the Idea of the subject.- Synthetic method. See 
method. Synthetic philosophy, the philosophy of Her- 
bert Spencer : so called by himself, because It Is conceived 
a> a fusion of the different sciences Into a whole. See 
Speiicerianitnn. 
synthetical (sin-thet'i-kal), a. [< Kyiithelic + 
-ni.\ Same as synthetic. 
Before we have done, we ahall see how all-efficient the 
nyiMeticai principle proves to be. No wonder, for It Is 
nothing less than our whole feeling, thinking, and willing 
subject; in fact, our very being mentally occupied. 
f. Montgomery, Mind, No. 36, July, 1884. 
The composition of water may lie demonstrated by 
synthesis. . . . The discovery of the composition of wa- 
ter was indeed made originally by synthetical, and not by 
analytical processes. Huxley, Physiography, vli. 
Accidental synthetical mark. See mar*i . - synthet- 
ical cognition, definition, etc. See the nouns. 
synthetically (sin-thet'i-kal-i), adv. In a syn- 
thetic manner; by synthesis; by composition. 
syntheticism (sin-thet'i-sizm), . [< synthetic 
+ -ism.] The principles of synthesis; a ten- 
dency to follow synthetic methods; a synthetic 
system. 
The assumption that languages are developed only in 
the direction of synthetwvnn. 
Smith'! llikte Dictionary, Confusion of Tongues. 
synthetist (sin'the-tist), n. [< synthesis (-thet-) 
-t- -ist.] One who synthesizes, or who is versed 
in synthesis, in any application of that word. 
Compare synthesist. I'. G. Hamerton, Thoughts 
about Art, xii. 
synthetize (sin'the-tiz), . t. ; pret. and pp. syn- 
theti:ed, ppr. synthetiziny. [< synthesis (-thet-) + 
-i:e.] To unite in regular structure. Imp. Diet. 
Synthliborhamphus (sin'thli-bo-ram'fus), n. 
[NL. (Brandt, 1837, as Synthliboramplnts), < Gr. 
ai'V, together, + ffkijitiv, press, + />o/^oc, a bill, 
beak.] A genus of Alcidee of the North Pa- 
cific, having a stout, much-compressed bill, 
whose depth at the base is about half its length, 
subnasal nostrils reached by the frontal antie, 
Aocicnt Auk (Syrttftlilntrttamfhtts aMtiqtms). 
much-compressed tarsi, scutellate in front and 
on the sides and reticulate behind, and short, 
nearly square tail ; the nipper-nosed raurrelets. 
There are 2 species, the ancient auk or black-throated 
nmrrelet, 5. antvrttut, and the Japanese auklet or Teni- 
mlnck's murrelet, S. utnizutume. The latter is crested, 
and the former is not. Both are found on both coasts of 
the North Pacific. 
8ynthronus(sin'thro-nus),.;pl.*yHfAroi(-ni). 
[< (ir. aim, together, + Bpovof, throne.] In the 
early church and in the Greek Church, the joint 
throne or seat of the bishop and his presbyters. 
The synthronus is placed behind! the altar against the east 
wall of the apse, and consisted from early times of a semi- 
circular row or of several such rows of steps or seats, the 
bishop's throne or cathedra being in the center and higher 
than the rest. Synthroni are sometimes found in the 
West, usually of ancient construction. A good example 
Is the synthronus in the basilica of Torcello. See cut un- 
der bifhop. 
