syringeful 
SVringeful (sir'inj-ful), H. [< .v/n</r + -/;</.] 
The, quantity tlmt a syringe will hold. 
The transmission of llutil by the tube nniHt have 
muni iiiiitrr low in vssurc, since UP- 1'iin begun when 
only two Hi/ritif/'ltux h:ul hccn iiijt-rl.,1. 
Lancet, 18SO, II. f.'TO. 
syringe-gun (sir'inj-gun). . A largo tube-and- 
]>istu syringe, used for disabling humming- 
birds, etc., by ejecting water upon them. 
syringes, . Latin plural of syrinx. 
syringe-valve (sir'iu.j-valv), . A form of 
valvr with a guide-stem hearing a knob on the 
cnil to prevent it from being forced entirely 
from its seat: used especially in syringes. 
syringia, . 1'lnral i>r .////</"''. 
syringin (si-rin'jin), . [< syringa + -in' 2 .] 
A glucoside obtained from Si/ri</n nilf/nrix. It 
is crystalline, tasteless, neutral in reaction, and 
soluble in hot water and in alcohol. 
syringitis (sir- in-ji 'tis), ii. [NL., < mji-uu 
(xi/rimj-) + -itix.] Inflammation of the Eusta- 
chian tube. 
syringium (si-rin'ji-nm), . ; pi. xyringin (-&). 
[NL., < Or. avpiyytov, dim. of oiipr,!- (avpi^y-), a 
pipe: see syringe.] In entom., a tubular organ 
on various parts of certain caterpillars, from 
which a fluid is ejected to drive away ichneu- 
mons or other enemies. Also syringe. Kirby. 
syringocoele (si-ring'go-sel), n. Same as xy- 
riiujot'u tin . 
syringocoelia (si-ring-go-se'li-a), . [NL., < 
Gr. oiipi)!- (ovpiyy-), a pipe. + Koi'/.ia, a hollow.] 
In linn/., the proper central canal or cavity of 
the spinal cord ; the hollow of the primitively 
tubular myelon, expanding in the brain into 
the metaccele, or so-called fourth ventricle, and 
sometimes, as in birds, expanding in the sa- 
cral region into the sinus rhomboidalis, or rhorn- 
bocffile. 
Syringqccelomata (si-ring*go-se-l6'ma-ta), . 
I>1. [NL., < Gr. fji'pij-f (mipfy)-), a pipe, -r noi- 
Au/ia(T-), a hollow.] A division of Protoctrlo- 
iniiiii, containing those sponges, as of the genus 
Suconus, which have simple tubular or saccular 
diverticula of the archenteron. A.Hyatt, Proc. 
Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., XXIII. 114. 
syringOCCelomatic (si-ring-go-se-lo-mat'ik), a. 
Of or pertaining to the Syringoccetomuta. A. 
Hyatt. Also syringoccelomic. 
Syiringodendron (si-ring-go-den'dron), H. [NL. 
(Sternberg, 1820), < Gr. otpiyf (avpiyy-), a pipe, 
+ StvSpov, a tree.] A generic name given to 
decorticated stems of Sigillaria. In such speci- 
mens, In the place of the leaf-scar there are seen two OTH! 
depressions, which lie close to each other, and are of con- 
siderable size. Most of the forms have been found di- 
rectly connected with recognized species of Siyillaria. 
syringomyelia (si-ring'go-mi-e'li-a), tij [NL., 
\ Gr. ffi'pof (avptyy-), a pipe, + /iue/iof, marrow: 
see myelon.] The existence of an abnormal 
cavity or cavities in the substance of the spinal 
cord, whether from abnormal persistence, from 
variation or distention of the embryonic space, 
or from the breaking down of ghomatous or 
other morbid tissue. Evidently congenital defects 
of this kind in the very young, distended with liquid, are 
frequently designated by the name hydromyelia. 
syringomyelitis (si-ring-go-ml-e-li'tis), n. 
[NL., < syringomyelia + -itis.] Myelitis with 
the formation of cavities; especially, syringo- 
myelia where it is regarded as produced by 
myelitis. 
syfingomyon (si-ring-go-mi'on), n. ; pi. syrin- 
f/omya (-a). [NL., < Gr. oi>p<>f (ovptyy-), a pipe, 
+ uu6v, a muscle.] Any one of the intrinsic 
syriugeal muscles of a bird. Coues, The Auk, 
Jan., 1888, p. 105. 
syringotome (si-ring'go-tom), . [< Gr. avpt-}- 
yorfcitov, a knife for operating on a fistula: see 
syringotomy.] In surg., a probe-pointed bis- 
toury, used for cutting a fistula. 
syringotomy (sir-ing-got'o-mi), n. [< Gr. as 
if 'avptyyoTo/iia (cf. avptyyor&iuov, a knife for 
operating on a fistula, ovptyyoT6/Mf, cutting fis- 
tulas), < ffi'pijf (avptyy-), a pipe, tube, fistula, 
+ TC/IVCIV, rauclv, cut.] The operation of cut- 
ting for fistula. 
syrinx (sir'ingks), .; pi. syriiiiic.i (si-rin'jez), 
sometimes syrinxes (sir'ingk-sez). [NL., < Gr. 
avpiyZ, a pipe, tube: see syrini/c.] 1. Same 
as Pfutt pipes (which see, under pipe 1 ). 2. 
In Egypt, arehxol., a narrow and deep rock-out 
channel or tunnel forming a characteristic fea- 
ture of Egyptian tombs of the New Empire. 
The size of the galleries and apartments varies very 
much (the mummies often scarcely left space enough to 
pass), the disposition extremely labyrinthine. The Greeks 
called them Sitriiiftf*, holed passages. 
C. O. Miiller, Manual of Archreol. (trans.), 227. 
Syrinx of Raven. 
a, . r, modified 
trachea! and bron- 
chial rings entering 
into id formation : 
tr. trachea ; Itr. right 
and left bronchi. 
6141 
3. In mint., the |-!iistaclii:in tube. 4. In /- 
iiitli.. tin- voice-organ 'if birds; the lower lar- 
ynx, .situated nt or near the bifurcation uf 
the trachea into the bronchi, and serving to 
modulate the voice, as in singing. This is usu- 
ally a more complicated structure tli;ui 
the larynx i>ro|>er (at the top of tin- 
trachea), aim siMiitfrn-ntly roust i urtnl 
in different liinls that it attords char- 
acters of great significance In classifi- 
cation. The highest group of Patient 
(namely, the suborder OKinta, wlm-h 
contains the singing birds) is signalized 
by theelAbonttonofthis musical organ, 
especially with reference to its intrin- 
sic innsculation. A few birds have no 
syrinx : some have one, yet without In- 
trinsic muscles: in some the syringe* 
are wholly bronchial, and consequently 
paired ; In others the syrinx is wholly 
tracheal, and single. But In nearly all 
birds the syrinx Is brtnicholrai-heal, 
and results from a special in<><litirat jon 
of the lower end of the trachea and up- 
per end of each bronchus. The lowermost tracheal ring, 
or a piece composed of several such rings, is enlarged and 
otherwise modified, and crossed by a bolt-bar (see cut mi- 
derpe**u/tu), which separates the single tracheal tnl into 
right and left openings of the bronchi. A median septum 
rises from the pessulus Into the trachea, between the two 
bronchial orifices, and the free upper margin of this sep- 
tum, called the Kinttunar membrane, forms the Inner lip 
of a rlmasyringis, whose outer lip Is a fold of mucous 
membrane from the opposite side of each bronchus. 
These membranes are vlbratile In the act of singing, and 
constitute vocal cords. Several upper bronchial half- 
rings, enlarged and otherwise modified, are completed in 
circumference by a single continuous membrane, the in- 
ternal tympanijorm membrane, which IB attached to the 
pessulns above. The syrinx is actuated by a pair, or sev- 
eral pairs, of intrinsic singing-muscles, called gyritujomya, 
which vary much In different birds In their attachments 
as well as in their number. (Seeon/-muxc/e.) In the Ox- 
cines at least five pairs are recognized, though their nomen- 
clature is by no means settled, owing to their description 
under different names by different authors, and to the 
iliftlculty of homologizing the Individual muscles under 
their many modifications In different birds. The inser- 
tion of the syrlngomya into the ends and not into the 
middle of the bronchial half-rings is characteristic of the 
true Omnc*. See Acromyodi, Meiamyodi. 
6. In surg., a fistula, 
syrma(ser'ma), .; pl.i/nH (-me). [L.yyrma, 
< Gr. a'vpfia, a trailing robe, < al'petv, drag or trail 
along.] In antiq., a long dress reaching to the 
ground, as that worn by tragic actors. 
Syrmaticus (ser-mat'i-kus), n. [NL. (Wagler, 
1832), < LL. ttyrniaticMt, < Gr. 'mpfiannof;, trail- 
ing, < ai'pfta, a trailing robe : see synna.] A ge- 
nus of pheasants, of the family Pnasianidee, trie 
type of which is Reeves's pheasant, 8. reecexi : 
so called from the magnificent train formed by 
the tail, which exceeds in length that of any 
other pheasant. See cut under Fhasiaumi. 
Syrniinae (ser-ni-i'ne), . pi. [NL., < fSyrniiini 
T -inflp.] A subfamily of owls, named from the 
genus Sill-muni, containing a number of both 
eared and earless species, and having no de- 
finable characters. 
Syrnium (ser'ni-um), n. [NL. (Savigny, 1810) ; 
origin unknown. Cf. Surnia.] A genus of ear- 
less owls. The type is the common wood-owl of Europe, 
S. aluco. Other species which have often been placed in 
this genus are the great Lapp owl, S. lapponicwn ; the 
great gray owl of North America, S. cinereum; the com- 
mon barred owl of the same country, S. nebitiiuntm. and 
many similar species. By many authors 5. aluco is taken 
as the type of the restricted genus Strix, of which Syr- 
mum thus becomes a mere synonym. See Aim:" and Strix 
(with cut). 
syropt, n. An obsolete spelling of syrup. 
Syropnenician (si'ro-fe-nish an), . and . 
[Also Syro-Phcnician, yro-Plicenician ; < L. 
Syroplicenix (fern. Syropheenissii), < Gr. Evpofoi- 
vti- (fern. SvpoQoivtooa), < St'pof , Syrian, + <to(V<4, 
a Phenician.j I. a. Pertaining to Syro-Phe- 
nicia or to the Syrophenicians. 
II. . In anc. hist., eithe? a Phenician dwell- 
ing in Syria, or a person of mixed Syrian and 
Phenician descent, or an inhabitant of Syro- 
Phenicia, a Roman province which included 
Phonicia and the territories of Damascus and 
Palmyra. [Syro-rii<iiiciii had also, apparently, 
a more restricted meaning.] 
syrphid (ser'fid), a. and n. I. a. Of or pertain- 
ing to the BfrjMim. 
II. n. A fly of the familv St/rptiMse. 
Syrphidae (ser'fi-de), n. pi. [NL. (Leach, 1819), 
< Syrpkus + -iWa?.] A very large 
and important family of tetracha 1 - 
tous cyclorhaphous dipterous in- 
sects, typified by the genus Syr- 
/iIiiiK, and divided into numerous 
subfamilies and lesser sections. 
They are distinguished chiefly by the pres- 
ence of the spurious vein of the wings, by 
other venational characters, and by the 
structure of the head. The species are 
often large and bright-colored, and usual- 
syrnp 
flow ITS ami fci-iliri-.' u|w>n jKilli-n. Many of them arc In in-- 
ttclal In tlielr carl) si^t"-, tin lm\a: l.i.hn^ u|i..n i.lanl- 
lice anil )>ai'k liif. Thr latMc <rf <>ttn-i> h\> in lu 
In soft ilfcajin^' vcuctalilf or animal mutter. TK' 
I in antK* nests, while tin >sc nf I" ' 
in the nrsts nf liitinblrlM-ff. Al-niit J.IKNI )> - 
cles are known, of whirh ; i - :n< \-,t ih AINI-I iran ( muili 
of lleilooX wblu ftboat UO ara KnratMAn. i lc > :n- KOHH- 
tiiiH'- know n tiKapttu^atii ;i]su i uts uiulcr Jfi'- 
leria, l'i]ii; 'i-l IHjitfra. 
SyrphUB (ser'fus), ii. [Also Hpeiled .s' i //. //>; 
.NL. (Kabricius, 1775), < Gr. oip^of, otp^of, a 
gnat.] A large and wide- 
spread genus of flies, 
typical of the family 
fiyrpliiila: It Is now re- 
stricted to forms having the 
third joint of the antenna 
short and oval, the eyes in the 
male without an area of en- 
larged facets alxive, the front i>r/Aj rotm; natural 
moderately convex, and the 
hypopygium not very small. The larvic are all aphiiloph- 
agous. Twenty-six species Inhabit North America. Bee 
also cut under Diptera. 
syrphus-fly (ser'fus-fli), n. Any syrphid. 
^yrrhaptes(si-rap'tez), . [NL. (llliger, 1811), 
< Gr. arppairrtu', sew or stitch together, < a'vv, 
together, + pax-reiv, sew, stitch.] The typical 
genus of Syrrliaptiiiir, containing the three-toed 
sand-grouse with feathered feet. They are heavy. 
iKxlled birds, with very short legs, long pointed wings, the 
~T^-- *, 
-<-v-v^. *. 
Syrphid Larva 
eating a Plant- 
kjuse. (Slightly 
ly fly In the hottest sunshine, frequenting enlarged.) 
h't Sand-giotue (Sjrrhaftci 
first primaries of which are attentiated In one of the spe- 
cies, and long pointed tall, the middle feathers of which 
are filamentous and long-exserted. There are 2 species, 
both natives of Asia. The common Pallas's sand-grouse. 
S. paradoxwi, made an Irruption Into Europe In 18IM, reach- 
ing even France and Oreat Britain. .S'. tibttanut is the other 
spei-ies. The genus Is also called Xematura and Hetero- 
rtifiin, and the leading species is sometimes known as the 
heterodite trrouge. 
Syrrhaptinse (sir-ap-tl'ne), . pi. [NL.,< Syr- 
rhaptes + -inee.] One of the subfamilies of 
Pteroclidx, represented by the genus Syrrhap- 
tes: contrasted with Pteroclinse. 
syrrhaptine (si-rap'tin), <j. Of or pertaining 
to the tiyrrkaptinie. 
syrrhizoristic (si-riz-o-ris'tik), a. [< Gr. aim, 
with, together, + E. rhizoristic.] Serving to 
determine the effective intercalations of the 
real roots of two functions lying between any 
assigned limits. 
syrropt, syrrupt, . Obsolete forms of syrup. 
syrt (sert), . [Formerly also sirt; < F. syrte = 
8p. sirte = Pg. syrte, < L. sfttis, a sand-bank : 
see syrtix.] A quicksand. [Rare.] 
The shatter'd mast. 
The /</', the whirlpool, and the rock. 
Young, The Ocean. 
syrtic (ser'tik), n. [< L. syrticus, pertaining to 
a sand-bank or syrtis, < syrtis, sand-bank : see 
syrt, syrtis.] Pertaining to or resembling a syrt 
or quicksand. Edinburgh Set: (Imp. Diet.) 
syrtis (ser'tis), . ; pi. syrtes (-tez). [< L. syrtis, 
< Gr. ni-prn; a sand-bank in the sea, applied 
esp. to one on the northern coast of Africa, < 
ai'peiv, draw or trail along, sweep down.] A 
quicksand. 
Quench'd In a boggy Syrtis, neither sea 
Nor good dry land. MUton, P. L., II. 9S9. 
syrup, sirup (sir'up), n. [Formerly also <syrop, 
syrrup, syrrop; also, and more prop., with the 
vowel >', sirup, sirop, sirrop ; = D. siroop, stronji 
= G. syrup = Sw. siraji = Dan. syrup (< F. or E. ) 
= NGr. mpiiTrloi'; < ME. sirope, syrupe, sirejipe, 
serop, soryp, < OF. sirop, sirrope, syrop (also 
ysserop), F. sirop, < It. siroppo, sciroppo = Sp. 
jardpe = Pg. larope (ML. siropits, syropvs, 
sirupus, snrupus), syrup, < Ar. shardb, shurdb, 
a drink, beverage, syrup: see shrub 2 , shrab, 
sherbet.] 1. In med., a solution of sugar in 
water, made according to an officinal formula, 
whether simple, flavored, or medicated with 
some special therapeutic or compound. 
Be patient ; for I will not let him stir 
Till I have used the approved means I have, 
With wholesome tyrujit, drugs, and holy prayer*, 
To make of him a formal man again. 
SAo*..C. of E, v. 1.104. 
