1. The I went irth letter and 
sixtri-nth consonant of the 
English alphabet. of the Phe- 
nlcian alphabet the corresponding 
sign was the twenty-second and 
]:i-t , what follows ( In Greek and 
I .at in, and also in our own scheme, 
is the result of successive addi- 
tions made to the system bor- 
rowed from Phenlcian. (See the 
several letters Mow.) The com. 
parlson of forms (compare A) ta as follows : 
To a T, exactly; with the utmost 
or fit In n T. The allusion IB probably to a mechanics 
T-square, by which accuracy in making angles, etc., is se- 
cured. IColloq.) 
We could manage this matter to a T. 
Sterne, Tristram shandy, II. 5. 
To be marked With a T, to be branded m- characterised 
as a thief ; be known aa a lhievih person : from the for- 
mer practice of branding the letter T in the hand of a con- 
_victed thief. 
. 
: as, insult genus of flies, including the horse-flies, etc., 
and typical of the family Tabanidte. They are 
large naked flies of brownish-black or gray color, often 
having yellowish-red spots on the sides of the abdomen. 
All the females bit severely. The larvaj are found In 
damp earth and under fallen learcsand blta of wood, and 
arc carnivorous; some feed on cutworms and other noc- 
tuld larvw. Nearly 100 species Inhabit North America. 
T. atratiu Is the common large black horae-fty of the 
I 'tilted States; T. bomnui it the common gadfly of cattle, 
gee cuts under breeze and gadfly. 
6 
r TT 
[Prom the letter T.] Something tabard (tab'ftrd), n. [Early mod. E. alsototerd; 
made or fashioned in the form of a T, as a piece < ^E. tabnnl, tutxtrde, tattbard, taberd, taberde, 
of metallic pipe for joining two lines^f piping tabart, tabare, < OF. tabard, tabart, tabnr, tu- 
Hterngi, 
,$r'' n 'iii-.,tic. 
*S 
Early 
eck and Latin. 
WVMVJ 
ThevalueofthcBignhasbeenpractlcallythesamcthrough -t 1 , -t 2 . A form of *<*, 
the whole history of Its use ; It denotes the surd (or '' . -' " 
at right angles to each other. Also written tec, 
and sometimes tau. See T-bandagc, T-beard, 
T-bonf. T-rlotli, T-ir, T-joint, T-rail, T-aquare. 
" in certain words. 
breathed) mute (or check) produced by a complete closure ta 1 , f. 
(with following breach or explosion) between the tip of o j> 
the tongue and a point on the roof of the mouth either 
close behind or not far from the bases of the upper front 
teeth. Its corresponding sonant or voiced mute Is d, and 
its nasal Is n (see these letters). They are oftenest called 
dental or teeth-sounds, though the teeth have really no ta-t, taat, " 
An obsolete or provincial reduction 
Ta now thy grymme tole to the. 
& let se how thuu cnokez. 
Syr Gaimyne (E. E. T. s. >, 1. 413. 
Middle English forms of toe. 
-, , , 
part In their production ; hence also, and better, lingual, j a f\ te chemical symbol of tantalum. 
t -' TInUChme 
taaweesh (ta-wesh'). [Amer. Ind.] A war- 
oth"e'r'two"'clise"87p"alatai (*,"j~'ng) or labial < P , ft, m): club of the northwest coast of North America, 
they constitute, namely, about 18 per cent, of the sounds having a blade of hard stone projecting from a 
we make (t nearly 6 per cent., d nearly 5, 11 nearly 7), woo den handle. The end of the wooden part is often 
against palatal 4 per cent., and labial 6J. A sound w i d , Kro tesque human head, the stone blade ng- 
our ears would at once recognize and name as a (-sound h t ^ 1 , KUe ^ 
Is producible In other positions of the organs than that """* rEfc.-. nart a. .iinl vav of 
described above - namely, at points further back on tab (tab), n. [ remaps ,111 n lai. vai. 01 
the roof of the mouth, and with parts of the tongue be- tape, ME. tape, tappe (for change of p to o, CI. 
hind the tip, and even of its under surface. Hence the <.,, j n ro l >t ceb). In some senses tab appears to 
occurrence In some languages of more than one (.distinct- hfl on f UBe( j with few 1 1 1 A small flap, strap, 
,y r ^^-**^^*'&'&* *, 2"Sl made fast to an objecJ 
(so two in Sanskrit, etc., and even four in Siamese); our 
own ( also which form* the first part of the compound cA 
(= <A) is slightly but constantly different from our ( else- 
where. As in many other languages (and partly by direct 
Inheritance from French, and even from later Latin, al- 
terations), the ( in English shows a tendency to become 
palatalized and converted Into a sibilant when followed by 
palatal sounds, as i, e, y. Hence, in many situations, it 
combines with such sounds, either regularly or In rapid 
utterance, producing the cA-sound, as in question, mixture 
(compare the corresponding conversion of to A, under 
S); and even, in a great number of words having the end- 
ings -Han, -tiou>,-tial, etc., it becomes a sibilant and makes 
the A-sound, as In nation,factiotu, partial, etc. T also, like 
others of our consonants, frequently occurs double, espe- 
cially when medial : thus (from ft) 
think they know It all that there are fellows In the office 
quietly keeping tab on them. The Century, X X XVIII. 882. 
fitted, Jitter, fitting. 
With A, t forms the digraph (A, which has the position 
and Importance of a fully Independent element In the 
alphabet, with a double pronunciation, surd and sonant 
(or breathed and voiced): surd In thin, breath; sonant in 
<At breathe both aa strictly unitary sounds as ( and d, or 
i and z. They are related with ( and , etc., as tongue-tip 
sounds, especially with and z as being fricative and con- 
tlnnable ; but they are of closer position than the latter, 
the closest that can be made without actual stoppage of tabaCCOt, An old spelling of tobacco. Minsheii. 
the breath, and arc usually formed with the tongue thrust tabacMT, , gee tabaslieer. 
further forward, against i -e ^ a ij acum ' (ta-bak'um), H. [NL.: see tobacco.} 
Ill pliar., tobacco (Xicotiana Tabacum) in the 
natural dried state. 
tabanid (tab'a-nid), a. and n. I. a. Pertain- 
ing to the Tab'anidx; related to or resembling 
a tabanid. 
II. H. A fly of the family Tabanidte ; a horse- 
fly ; a deer-fly ; a gadfly or breeze. 
Tabanidae (ta-ban'i-de), n. pi. [NL. (Leach, 
1819), < Tabainm + -idir.] A large family of 
biting flies, of which Talianun is the typical 
gadflies, breezes, or clegs, having 
barre = 8p. Pg. tabardo = It. tabarro (ML. fei- 
barduni, tabardus, tabbardnx. taburiliiim, tnbar- 
rus, etc.), a tabard; cf. W. tabar (< E.), MHG. 
tapphart, taphart, NGr. rafmapiov (< ML. or 
Rom.), a tabard; origin unknown. According 
to Diez, perhaps < L. tapete, figured cloth, tapes- 
try: see tapet, tippet.] 1. A cloak of rough 
and heavy material, formerly worn by persons 
whose business led them to much exposure. 
The French tabard 
is described as be- 
ing of serge. It 
was worn by the 
poorest classes of 
the populace. 
With him ther was a 
Plowman was hl.bro- 
ther; . . . 
In a tabard he rood 
upon a mere. 
Chaucer, Gen. Prol. to 
[C. T., L 541. 
2. A loose outer 
garment without 
sleeves, or with 
short sleeves, worn 
by knights over 
their armor, gen- 
erally but not al- 
ways embroidered 
with the arms of 
the wearer, called 
cote-armour by 
Chaucer. Also 
called tabard of 
arms. 3. A sort 
of coat without 
Hut part about hi. letter, to the paper i. rery good, I sleeves, or with short sleeves, worn .by heralds 
ink. It will teach a lot of other ducks of the kind who and pursuivants, emblazoned with tlie arms of 
or strip of some material made fast to an object 
at one end or side, and either free or fastened 
at the other when in use, as in a garment ; a tag. 
Specifically (a) A flap, strap, or latchet of a shoe, (ft) 
Tne tag at the end of a shoe-lace, (e) A flap falling from 
the side of a hat or cap over the ear, for protection In very 
cold weather ; an ear-tab, (d) A strip of niching or a lace 
border formerly worn at the side near the inner front edge 
of a woman's bonnet, over the ears, (e) The arming of an 
archer's gauntlet or glove, or a flat piece of leather used 
in place of flnger-tips or shooting gloTes. (/) A hanging 
sleeve of a child's garment, (g) In mack.: (I) One of the 
revolving arms which lift the beaters of a fulling-mill. (2) 
A narrow projecting strip of metal along the inside of a 
hollow calico-printing roller to secure it to IU mandrel by 
means of a slot in the latter. 
2. Check; account: as. to keep tab on one. 
[Colloq.] 
Th; 
thi 
English Heralds' Tabards of the ijth 
century. (From a drawing by Van 
Dyck.) 
gard to their grade of closure, they are akin to /and r>, 
and belong in one class with these (oftenest and l>est called 
tpiranti). As an / comes In part from an aspirated p, or 
ilreek o,' which was an aspirated ( (that is, a ( with sepa- 
rately audible A after it), was written in Latin with th, and 
thin, when the aspirate came to be pronounced as a spirant, 
this was continued in use as representative of the latter. 
English use the sign (or rather the two signs) which in 
Anglo-Saxon represented the t h- sounds namely, \>, f> 
mnch to the detriment of our present alphabet. Of the 
their sovereign, and considered as their dis- 
tinctive garment. 
The taberd of his office I will call It, 
Or the coat-armour of his place. 
R. Joiuun, Tale of a Tub, L 3. 
Two pursuivants, whom tabart* deck, 
With silver scutcheon round their neck. 
Stood on the steps of stone. 
Scott, Marmlon, i. 11. 
Tabard of arms. See def. 2. 
tabarder (tab'iir-der), w. [Also tabardeer; < OF. 
'tabardier, < tabard, a tabard : see tabard.] One 
who wears a tabard ; specifically, a scholar be- 
longing to the foundation of Queen's College, 
Oxford, whose original dress was a tabard. 
Wood, Athene Oxon., I. (ed. Airey). (Rich- 
ardxoii. 
currence of the pronominal words, particular!' '' . in 
which it Is found ; it is nearly 4 per cent, of our utterance, 
while the surd (or thin and breath sound) is less than two 
thirds of one per cent. In the phonetic history of the 
liermanlc part of our language, ( regularly and usually 
(when special causes do not prevent) comes from an older 
rf; and, on the other hand, (A from an older (: examples 
for ( are (KVI corresimmling with duo. eat with ad or ed; for 
(A, (Aou = hi, three = tri, brarrth =.fert; for both together, 
that = tad, tooth = dent. 
2. As a medieval numeral, 160; with a line over 
it (T), 160,000. 3. An abbreviation: (o) [f. r.] 
othentenn* annte .n tob(tab'a-ret), [Origin obscure; sup- 
without a distinct bristle. The proboscis of the 
female Is adapted for piercing, and Inflicts a painful 
although not irritating wound. The male does not bite. 
cannot elude them. The spindle-shaped brown or black 
eggs arc attached in groups to the stems and leaves of low- 
growing plants, and the larveo are either aquatic or live In 
damp earth. They are predaceons, and feed upon snails 
or email Insects. The young larvw of many specie, pene- 
trate beetles and other larvie, and remain within until 
they have entirely consumed them. Over 1,300 species 
are known ; 150 are North American. Many of them are 
among the largest and most powerful of the Diptera,J>ut 
most are 
weather. 
posed to be connected with tabby 1 (if so, it i 
like tabbinet, a mod. made form).] A silk stuff 
used for upholstery, distinguished by alternate 
stripes of watered and satin surface, generally 
in different colors. It resembles tabbiuet, but 
is superior to it. Diet, of Xetdleicork. 
One man's street announcement Is In the following 
won 1: "Here you have a composition to remove the stains 
from silks, muslins, bombaieens, cords, or tabarett of any 
kind or colour." 
Xayhev, London Labour and London Poor, I. 474. 
In musical notation, of tnior. tempo (as a t., a mo ,V^ re " f moderate' sire: They fly in bright sunshiny , /.h'B,^ . *J tfihnrH 
temiio). ti/tli. mid taslo (as t. (., tn*t<> oUi). (b) weather. Also Tabanidtt. See cuts under breeze, Chrytopt, tapartt (tab art), H. 
[/ ,'] Inn ship'* log-book, of fAiwder. (c)[7.e.] ^Agadfty. tabaslieer, tabashir tab-a-sher ), . [Also 
n loii, of hpocariMd. (d) In math.: 1) [l, c.} Tabanus(ta-ba'nus), n. [NL. (Linna-us. 173o), tabach,r : = F. *** *fanr : < 
of time- (i\ of !<>,.,,>,: a functional symbol. < L. txbann*, a gadfly, horse-fly.] A notable Ar. tabashtr ; cf. Skt. taratxliira, traMxira, lat* 
386 61 45 
