tamanu 
tamanu (tam'a-no), . [E. Ind.J The tree Ca- 
lr>]>liy/litm Innphijllum, the source of East Indian 
tacamahae-resin, and in its seeds of the poo- 
nav- or poonseed-oil, or bitter oil of India. It is 
widely diffused through the East Indies and Pacific islands, 
a chiefly littoral tree, growing 80 feet high and bearing a 
fine crown of dark dense foliage, interspersed in season 
with white flowers. The oil is chiefly prized as a cure for 
rheumatism, etc. The wood is valued by carpenters and 
I'-abiiiet-makers. In the Mjis also called dilo, and the oil 
dilo-oU. Tamanu-resin, the East Indian tacamahac. 
tamara(tam'si-ra),. [E.Ind.] A spice consist- 
ing of equal parts of cinnamon, cloves, and 
coriander-seeds, with half the quantity of ani- 
seed and fennel-seed, all powdered. It is a 
favorite condiment with Italians. 
tamarack (tam'a-rak), n. [Amer. Ind.] 1. 
The black or American larch, or hackmatack, 
Lara Americana, found in moist uplands in 
British America, and of less size massed in 
cool swamps in the northern United States. 
It grows from 70 to 90 feet high, and yields a heavy, hard, 
and very strong timber, valued for many purposes, particu- 
larly for the upper knees of ships. See cut under larch. 
2. The abundant black or ridge-pole pine, Pi- 
HHX Mitrrayana, of the Sierras and dry gravelly 
interior regions of western North America. The 
allied I'inus contorta, or scrub-pine, of the coast 
may be also included under the name. 
tamarack-pine (tam'a-rak-pin), n. Same as 
tamarack, 2. 
tamarict, tamarickt, See tamarisk. 
tamarin (tam'a-rin), n. [Native name in Cay- 
enne.] One of the small squirrel-monkeys of 
South America; a marmoset of the genus Mi- 
das, as M. leoninus, the lion tamarin; M. rosa- 
lia, the silky tamarin, or marikina ; M. iirsulw, 
the negro tamarin, etc. 
tamarind (tam'a-rind), w. [Early mod. E. also 
tamerim; = F. tamarin, formerly tamarinde, = 
Sp. Pg. It. tamarindo = It. tamariiidi, < ML. 
tamariiidus, < Ar. tamr Hindi, tamr id Hind, the 
Indian date: tamr, date (Heb. tdmdr, a palm- 
tree) ; Hindi, Indian, Hind, India : see Indian, 
Hindi.] The fruit of the leguminous tree Tama- 
rindus Indica; also, the tree itself. The tama- 
rind is widely cultivated through the tropics, being desir- 
Flowering Branch of Tamarind (Tamarind*! Indica). 
a, a flower; *, same, petals removed ; r, pod, longitudinal section. 
6174 
able for its frnil, shade, and timber, and for the fragrance 
of its (towers. It reaches a height of BO or 80 feet, with a 
widely spreading crown of dense foliage. The fruit is a 
Hat thickened pod, 3 to 6 inches long, with a brittle brown 
shell containing a fibrous juicy pleasantly acid pulp in- 
closing the seeds. The pulp is used in hot countries to 
make cooling drinks, and preserved in syrup or sugar, or 
alone, it forms the tamarinds of commerce. It is used 
also in preparing tamarind-flsh. It is officinally recog- 
nized as a refrigerant and laxative. Besides the pulp, the 
seeds, flowers, leaves, and bark all have their medicinal 
applications in India or elsewhere. The leaves in India 
form au ingredient in curries. The wood is very hard 
and heavy, yellowish-white in color with purple blotches, 
and is used in turnery. Bastard tamarind. Same as 
sillc-tree, Black tamarind. Same as velre-t tamarind. 
Brown tamarind, the velvet tamarind and other species 
of Kalium. Manila tamarind. See PithecdMnum. 
Tamarind of New South Wales, Cvpania anacardi- 
oides, an elegant slender sapindaceous tree, from 60 to 90 
feet high, with whitish coarse-grained wood, and an acid 
fruit. It is also found elsewhere in Australia. -Velvet 
tamarind, Dialium Guineense (Codariwm acutifolium), a 
small leguminous tree of western Africa, having slender 
branches and pinnate leaves, and pods of about the size 
and form of a filbert, covered with a black velvety down. 
These contain, surrounding the seeds, an acid farinaceous 
pulp, which is commonly eaten. Wild tamarind, (a.) 
See Lysilmna. (b) The brown tamarind, (c) In Jamaica, 
a large tree, Pithecolobium Jilicifolium (Acacia arbmea). 
(d) In Trinidad, Pentaclethra ftlamentosa, a leguminous 
tree also found in Guiana, Nicaragua, etc. Yellow tam- 
arind, Acacia villosa, of tropical America. [Jamaica.) 
tamarind-flsh (tam'a-rind-fish), . A prepara- 
tion of a kind of fish with the acid pulp of the 
tamarind-fruit, esteemed as a relish in India. 
tamarind-plum (tam'a-rind-plum), . See 
plumi. 
Tamarindus (tam-a-rin'dus), n. [NL. (Tourne- 
fort, 1700 ; earlier" in Matthioli, 1554), < ML. 
tamariiidus, tamarind: see tamarind.] 1. A 
genus of leguminous plants, of the suborder 
Csesalpinieie and tribe Amlierstiese. It is charac- 
terized by flowers with colored caducous bracts, four se- 
pals, three perfect and two rudimentary petals, three per- 
fect monadelphous stamens, and a few staminodes in the 
form of minute teeth ; and by the fruit, a thick indehis- 
ceut legume with a fragile crustaceous epicarp, pulpy 
mesocarp, and thick coriaceous endocarp forming parti- 
tions between the seeds. The only species, T. Indica, is 
widely diffused through the tropics, indigenous in Africa 
and Australia, and naturalized from cultivation in Asia 
and America. It is a tree bearing abruptly pinnate leaves, 
with many pairs of small leaflets, and yellow and red flow- 
ers in terminal racemes. See tamarind. 
2. [I. c.] The pharmacopceial name for the pre- 
served pulp of the fruit of Tamarindus Indica. 
It is laxative and refrigerant. 
Tamarisceae (tam-a-ris'e-e), n. pi. [NL. (Ben- 
tham and Hooker," 1862), < Tamariseus + -eee.] 
A tribe of plants, of the order Tamariseinex. 
It is characterized by racemose or spiked flowers with free 
or slightly coherent petals, and numerous small smooth 
seeds without albumen, and terminated by a coma of long 
plumose hairs. Besides the type, Tamarix, it includes the 
genus Myricaria, comprising a few similar but smaller Eu- 
ropean and Asiatic species growing in sand. 
Tamarisdnese (tam // a-ri-sin'e-e), . pi. [NL. 
(A. N. Desvaux, 1815), < Tamariseus + -ineee.] 
An order of plants, the tamarisk family, of the 
series Thalamiflorse and cohort darynpnyllinee. 
It is characterized by usually shrubby stems clothed with 
small undivided alternate leaves, and by flowers with five 
or more stamens, a one-celled ovary with three to five 
placentae, and the sepals and petals free or more or less 
united. It includes about 45 species, belonging to 5 genera 
classed in 3 tribes, for the types of which see Tamarix, 
Reaumuria, and Fmiquiera. They are natives of temper- 
ate and warmer regions of the northern hemisphere and 
also of South Africa, occurring mostly in maritime salt- 
marshes or in sands and gravelly places among mountains. 
Unlike the related Caryophyllacex, or pink family, the 
seeds are either pilose, comose, or winged, which, together 
with the frequent willowy habit and narrow leaves, has 
suggested a superficial resemblance to the order Salicineee, 
the willow family. Many species have also been compared 
to the cypress, from their appressed scale-like leaves and 
tall slender stems. They are shrubs, rarely herbs or trees, 
their leaves commonly somewhat fleshy, and their flowers 
either small or showy, usually flesh-colored, pink, or white. 
Tamariseus (tam-a-ris'kus),i. [L.] One of the 
old names for the tamarisk used by botanists 
and herbalists. 
tamarisk (tam'a-risk),w. [Formerly also tam- 
aric, tamrick, tinnricke, < ME.*toori'A - e, tham- 
arike (< L. tamarix (tamaric-), tamarice, ML. 
tamarica); = P. tamaris, tamarix = Pr. tama- 
risc = Sp. tamarisco, tamariz = Pg. tamarisco, 
tamaris = It. tamarisco, tamerice, < L. tama- 
riscus, also tamarix (tamaric-), tamarice, ML. 
also tamarica, tamarisk; perhaps connected 
with Skt. tamalaka. tamalaka, tamdla, a tree 
with a dark bark, < tamas, darkness: see dim.'] 
1. A plant of the genus Tamarix: sometimes 
called flowering cypress. The common tamarisk is 
T. Gallica, a shrub or small tree of the Mediterranean 
region and southern Asia. It is a prized ornamental 
shrub of feathery aspect, with scale-like leaves, and bear- 
ing clouds of pink flowers in late summer. It is a highly 
adaptable plant, thriving in wet, dry, or salty ground, 
rooting readily from slips and pushing forth vigorously ; 
hence it is suitable for planting on shores and embank- 
ments. In the northern United States, however, it dies 
tambor-oil 
Flowering Branch of Tamarisk {Tamarix Gallica). 
a, a flower ; b, pistil ; c, branch showing the scale-like leaves. 
to the ground in severe winters. The stem and leaves 
contain much sulphate of soda. A variety produces Jews' 
or tamarisk manna. (See manna.) T. arifcidata (T. ori- 
entalis) is the chief source of tamarisk-galls, which are 
said to contain 50 per cent, of tannin, and are used in dye- 
ing and medicine. It is found in northwest India and 
westward, and is sometimes distinguished as tamarisk 
salt-tree, from Its secreting salt which incrusts its trunk 
in sufficient quantity for some culinary use. It is a bush 
or tree of coniferous aspect. T. dioica of India, etc., yields 
a pale-yellow soluble resin. 
He shall be like tamaric in the desert. 
Jer. xvii. (Douay version). 
With this he hung them aloft upon a tamricke bow. 
Chapman, Iliad, x. 396. 
Tamarisks with thick-leav'd Box are found. 
Congreve, tr. of Ovid's Art of Love. 
2. Any plant of the order Tamarigcinese. Una- 
ley. German tamarisk, a European shrub, Myricaria 
G'ermanica, allied both botanically and in appearance to 
the common tamarisk, bearing, however, very narrow flat 
leaves. Indian tamarisk, a variety, Indica, of the com- 
mon tamarisk. See tacahout. Oriental tamarisk, Tam- 
arix articvlata. See def. 1. 
Tamarix (tam'a-riks), n. [NL. (Linnseus, 1737), 
< L. tamarix, also tamariscus, tamarice, the tama- 
risk: see tamarisk.'] A genus of plants, the type 
of the order Tamarisdnese and of the tribe Tama- 
risceie. It is distinguished by its free or slightly united 
stamens, and ovary usually with three or four short styles. 
About60 species have been described, now reduced toabout 
25, natives of the Mediterranean region and central and 
tropical Asia, chiefly of salt-marshes of the sea-coast ; a few 
occur in South Africa. They are shrubs, sometimes ar- 
borescent, bearing minute scale-like clasping or sheath- 
ing leaves. The numerous white or pinkish flowers form 
spikes or dense racemes, often small, but abundant and 
giving the branches a feathery appearance. See tamarisk 
and manna, 4. 
tamarugite (ta-mar'o-git), n. [Origin obscure.] 
A mineral from Tarapaca in Chili, allied to 
soda-alum in composition, but containing only 
about half as much water. 
tamatia (ta-ma'ti-a), n. [< F. tamatia; orig. 
(Buffon, 1780) applied to all the American linc- 
conidx and Capitoninx, also (Levaillant, 1806) 
designating any puff-bird, also, as NL. (Gmelin, 
1788), the specific name of one fissirostral bar- 
bet, Bucco tamatia ; from a native name.] A 
kind of fissirostral barbet ; a barbacou. 
tambac (tam'bak), n. 1. Same as tombac. 
2. Agallochum or aloes-wood. 
tambagut (tam'ba-gut), n. [Native name, from 
its cry; rendered 'coppersmith' in English.] 
The crimson-breasted barbet of the Philip- 
pines, Megaleema hsemacephala . 
tambasading (tam-bas'a-ding), H. [Native 
name.] The fossa of Madagascar, Fossa diiu- 
bentoni. See Fossa 2 . 
tamboo, tambu (tain-bo'), a. Same as taboo. 
See the quotation. 
The human heads . . . are reserved for the canoe-houses. 
These are larger and better built than the ordinary dwell- 
ing-houses, and are tambu (tabooed) for women i. e., a 
woman is not allowed to enter them, or indeed to pass in 
front of them, 
C. M. Woodjord, Proc. Roy. Oeog. Soc., X. 372. 
tambor (tam'bor), H. [Cf. tambour.] 1. A kind 
of swell-fish or puffer, as the rabbit-fish, Lago- 
cepltalus leevigatvs. See cut under Tctrodon- 
tidse. 2. The red rockfish, Sebastodets (Sebas- 
tian us) ruber, a large scorpeenoid abundant on 
the coast of California. 
tambor-oil (tam'bor-oil*), . An oil obtained 
from the seeds of Omjilialea oleifera of Central 
America. It is purgative, but not griping like 
castor-oil. 
