tampon 
orifice, with cotton, linen, or oilier form of t:un- 
I ii HI, to stuji lirnioi rhii^c, li> dilate tin- orifice, or 
for Otlirr pHl-posCS. 
The helium liauc was stopped by linn/Hilling the lK)iiy 
:t]n i liin lyunshot wound in headj. 
J. M. Carnin'ti'in, opeiative Siuyei), p. -7'j. 
tampona.de (tam-po-nad'), H. [< tuni/iim + 
-<"/('.] The employment of a tampon: tam- 
pnufVi 
tamponage(tiiin'pon-fij), . [< />/*/> + -</</<. \ 
The act of tamponing. 
tamponing (tain'pon -JUKI, a. [ Verbal n. of 
linujHtu, i\] The operation of plugging a wound 
or a natural orilicc liy inserting a tampon. 
tamponment (tMn'pon-mjnt), . [< IHHI/KHI 
+ -iiirii/.] The act of plugging with a tampon. 
tampoont (tiim-pon'), . [See torn/mm.] An 
obsolete form of lnni/iimi. 
tamp-work (tamp'werk), . A surface reu- 
deied i-onipiicl and plane by tamping. 
Mr sees a plain like tuni/i-irnrk, wliure knobs of granite 
art daisies and al every tlfty yards some hapless hud 01 
blossom il) iii.u of Inanition among the stones. 
11. f. HiirlHii, Kl Medinah, I. xili. 
tam-tam, ". and r, Hoe tom-low. 
tamtam-metal (tam'tam-mefal), H. Same as 
t/initf-ntctdl. 
Tamul, Tamulian (tam'ul, ta-mu'li-an). Same 
us 'I'd mil, 1'dnlilidii. 
Tamulic fta-mu'lik), . and . [< Tinnal + 
-ic.] Same as Tamilian. 'I'di/nl. 
Tamus (tii'mus), n. [NL. (Linnaeus, 1737), al- 
terod from its previous name Tnmnus (Tourne- 
t'orl, 1700), < L. tiuiiiiiin, a vine on which grew a 
kind of wild grape (taminia urtt) ; perhaps < Gr. 
d&fivof, a bush.] A genus of monocotyledonous 
plants, of the order Dioscoreaceee. it is character- 
ized by dioecious flowers, the female with six narrow dis- 
tinct perianth-segments, and a three-celled ovary which 
becomes In fruit a lleshy globose berry containing a few 
roundish wingless seeds with solid albumen and a minnt. 
embryo. There lire : species, one a native of the Canary 
Islands, the other widely distributed through Europe, 
northern Africa, and temperate parts of Asia. They 
are twining vines resembling species of Dioscorea, growing 
from a tuberous root, and producing alternate heart- 
shaped entire or three-lobed leaves. The small female 
flowers form very short axillary racemes or sessile clusters ; 
the male racemes are usually lung and loose. T. eilulis, of 
Madeira, is sometimes known as Port Moniz yam; T. cmn- 
in a in* is the black bryony of England, also known as blurt, 
bindireed, Iste-of- Wight trine, or lady's-seal, producing nu- 
merous handsome berries locally used as a remedy for chil- 
blains, and known as mvrrain-berries or oxberries. The 
acrid juice of its large black root was used to remove 
bruise-stains, and was formerly in repute as a stimulative 
in plasters. The young suckers are used as asparagus in 
Greece. Compare lady's-seal, 1. 
tan 1 (tan), v.; pret. and pp. tanned, ppr. taimiiii/. 
[Formerly also tann, early mod. E. tanne; < ME. 
tannen, < AS. tannian (found once, in the pp. 
getanned) = MD. tannen, tanen, taenen, ieynen, 
D. tanen, tan; cf. OP. tanner, taner, F. tanner, 
dial, tener (ML. tannare, tanare), tan, dye of a 
tawny color; appar. from a noun not found in 
AS., = MU. tanne, tane, taene, OF. and F. tan, 
ML. tauum, oak-bark for tanning, tan ; cf. Bret. 
tanu, oak, oak-bark for tanning; < OHQ. tanna, 
MHO. G. tanne, fir, oak. The relations of these 
forms are in part uncertain. Hence (through 
F.) E. tanny, tawny.'] I. trans. 1. To prepare, 
as skins of animals, by soaking in some liquid 
containing tauuic acid, which is generally ob- 
tained from the bark of some tree, oak-bark be- 
ing commonly thought to be the best, other 
barks, especially that of nemlock, are also largely used. 
This process converts the raw hide into leather. 
A j:i\, to shield his ample Breast, provides 
Seven lusty Bulls, and tanta their sturdy Hides. 
Conyreve, tr. of Ovid's Art of Love. 
2. By extension, to convert into leather by 
other means, as by the use of mineral salts (as 
those of iron and chromium), and even of oil 
or fat, as in the case of buckskin, chamois, and 
the like. See leather, taw 1 , 2. 3. To make 
brown; embrown by exposure to the rays of 
the sun. 
Ilis sandal. -s were with toilsome travel! tome, 
And face all tand with scorching sunny ray. 
Spenser, f. Q., I. vi. 35. 
I am acquainted with sad misery, 
As the tann'd galley-slave is with his oar. 
Webster, Duchess of Malfl, iv. 2. 
To the tann'd haycock in the mead. 
Hilton, L'Allegro, 1. 90. 
And one, whose Arab face was tanned 
By tropic sun and boreal frost. 
Whittier, Tent on the Beach. 
4f. To deprive of the freshness of youth ; im- 
pair the freshness and beauty of. [Bare.] 
Reckoning time, whose million'd accidents . . . 
Tan sacred beauty. SAa*., Sonnets, cxv. 
5. To beat; flog; thrash. [Colloq.] 
388 
8177 
If he be tto stout, we will have a lioiit, 
And he shall tan my hid 
It'ibin timid and the Tanner (Child's Ilallads, V. tat). 
UK master couldn't inn him for not doing it. 
Mrs. II. Wood. 'I he rhannlngs. 
6. In the manufacture of so-called artificial 
niai-lilc. or mi imitation of marble made from 
11 mixture of gelatin and gum, to render (cast 
slalis of the mixture) hard and insoluble by 
sleeping in a suitable preparation. See tun- 
imi/r. :i. 7. To treat with some hardening pro- 
cess as a preservation from rot, as tish-net< 
Tanned pelt. Sec pelt*. 
II. intriniK, 1. To be or become tanned : as, 
the leather tans easily. 2. To become tan- 
colored or tawny: as. the face ttiiix in the sun. 
tan 1 (tan), u. and . [See fi, r. The noun 
is prob. earlier limn the verb in Horn., but ap- 
pears later in E.] I. H. 1. The bark of the oak. 
willow, chestnut, larch, hemlock, spruce, and 
other trees abounding in tannin, bruised and 
broken by a mill, and used for tanning hides. 
Let no stiff cowhide, reeking from the tan, . . . 
Disgrace the tapering outline of your feet 
0. W. Holme*, Crania. 
2. A yellowish-brown color, like that of tan : 
as, gloves of gray or tan. 3. An embrowning 
of t he skin by exposure to the sun. 
The clear shade of fan, and the half a dozen freckles, 
friendly remembrancers of the April sun and breeze. 
Uatethorne, Seven Gable*, v. 
Flower or flowers of tan. See jtmcer. Spent tan, tan 
that has been used In tanning : it is employed for covering 
walks, for mulshing, and for other purposes. The tan, 
the circus ; the ring where a match Is walked. (Slang. I 
To smell of the tan, said of any act or expression which 
reminds one of the circus. [Slang. ] 
II. a. Of the color of tan, or of a color ap- 
proaching that of tan ; yellowish-brown Black 
and tan. SeeWoot. 
tan- (tan), H. [Ult. < AS. tan, a twig, bough: 
see mistletoe.'] A. twig, or small switch. Hal- 
liirell. [Prov. Eng.] 
tan ;i t. An obsolete Middle English contraction 
of taken, old infinitive or past participle of take. 
tan 4 t. A Middle English contraction of to an. 
Chaucer. 
tan 5 (tan), u. Same as fan-tan. 
Smoke a pipe of opium o' nights with other China toys, 
and lose his little earnings at the game of tan. 
R. L. Stevemm, Silverado Squatters, p. 21:1. 
tan. An abbreviation of tangent. 
tana 1 , tanna (ta'na, tan'jl), w. [Also tliannali; 
< Hind. Iliana, tliand, a military fortified post.] 
In India, a military post ; also, a police station. 
tana 2 , n. [Native name.] A small insectivo- 
rous mammal of Sumatra and Borneo, Tupain 
tuna ; a bauxring. 
Tanacetum (tan-a-se'tum), w. [NL. (Tourne- 
fort, 1700; earlier in Bmnfels, 1530), tansy, an 
accom. form, with L. term, -etuni, of OF. tana- 
sie, tansy: see tansy.] A genus of composite 
plants, of the tribe Antltemidcse. It Is characterized 
by small discoid corymbose flower-heads with a naked re- 
ceptacle, involucral bracts in numerous rows, pappus most- 
ly a ring or crown, and usually two kinds of flowers, the 
outer row female, slender and tubular, with an oblique or 
a two- or three-toothed apex, and three-angled achenes. 
the central flowers numerous, perfect, cylindrical, flve- 
toothed, and with five-angled achenes. There are about 
SO species, natives of Europe, northern Africa, central and 
northern Asia, and North America. They are erect animal 
or perennial herbs, rarely shrubby at the base, commonly 
strong-scented and hairy or silky. They bear alternate 
and usually variously dissected leaves, and yellow flowers. 
A few exceptional species produce larger solitary long- 
stalked flower-heads. Seven species are native to the west- 
ern Tutted states, and T. vulyare (for which see tinn'i) is 
naturalized In the Atlantic States and Canada, For 7'. liul 
natruta, also called ale-cost and maudlin, see cogtmary. 
tanadar, tannadar (ta'na-dar, tan'a-dar), . 
[< Hind, thdnuildr, < thand, a military post, + 
-ddr, holding.] In India, the keeper or com- 
mandant of a tana. 
Tanaecium (ta-ne'si-um), . [NL. (Swartz, 
1800), so called from the elongated climbing 
stems; prop. 'Tanaecium, < Gr. ravafiiaK, long- 
stretching,* ravaAs, outstretched, +dw/,a point.] 
A genus of gamopetalous plants, of the order 
lii</ii<iiii>ifcie, tribe Bignoniee?, and group I'li-'m- 
tirli&. It Is characterized by loosely few-flowered cymes, 
a truncate or minutely toothed calyx, an extremely long 
and Blender cylindrical corolla-tube, and a large smooth 
capsule with very thick and dually indurated concave 
valves, containing numerous compressed seeds In many 
rows. There are 4 or 5 species, natives of tropical Amer- 
ica, by some reduced to a single species. They are shrubby 
climbers, reaching a great height, and bearing compound 
leaves of three entire leaflets, the terminal leaflet some- 
times lacking or replaced by a tendril. The flowers are 
u hit r, and consist of a spreading and somewhat two-lipped 
border surmounting a tube from 8 to 10 inches long. T. 
Jaroba is the pear-withe of Jamaica. 
tanager (tan'a-jer), . [< NL. Tanagra, q. v.] 
Some or any fanagrine bird ; a member of the 
Tanai/riilee. Few of these numerous brilliant birds are 
Tanagra 
actually known as tawjfr* i-xccpt in tcrlinlcal treatise". 
Those to ulijrh the name is chieny Kiv'-n an- the few spe- 
cies which are conspicuous in the woodland* of the I uiied 
States. These are the conm carlet tiinuger, nr black- 
winged redbird, rirumju rnlmt, and tip- MUJIIIM i I '-illiird, 
or rofte-tanager, 7*. jr*ti ra (also called i-'ti-'iinnt imtayrr). 
[;th of these Inhabit the eastern paits of the counli \ < 
New KiiKland and l anada. The male of the fmn 
scarlet, with black wings and tail ; the male of the latter 
Is rosy-red all over : the fcmalcx of both are greenish and 
yellow. In western North Ami liea al e I he I nuihiaria tana- 
ger (BO called when much of i he region uesl of the Misels- 
xlppi was known as Louisiana), /'. ludoriciana. tin 
of which is yellow and Hack, with a crimson head, and 
the hepatic tanager. /'. hepatu'a,t\ dull liver-red and gray 
species of the southwest. The foregoing are all 6 or t) 
inches long. A tiny and very beautiful tanagei, /-.V/-/MI 
nia eleijaitliitiriiiia, which is ehietly liluc, yellow, and black, 
comes from Mexico near or over the southern Tinted 
.states border. (See cut under Tanagridn.) Throughout 
all the woodland of tropical and subtropical An. 
tanagers abound, and represent, with the manikins, co- 
tlngas, and tyrant-flycatchers, the leading passerine Idid- 
of these regions. See cuts under I'iniiuin, I'mritia*, 
Sttltator, Stfvhantiphnrus, Tanat/ra, Tana<jrida, i*kxni- 
ciiphUun, and oufteic turd. Black-laced tanager,<>n. at 
the bullfinch tanagers, PUylui ffrnanm, called by Latham 
lehite-throated grufbeak. Black-headed tanager, Lanvi 
a(ricapHlut, of an orange-yellow color varied with orange- 
brown, black, and white. It Inhabits northerly parts of 
South America. Brazilian tanager, 
riliut, 7* inches 
long, the male 
rich scarlet 
with black 
wings and tail, 
with the en- 
larged base of 
the under man- 
dible white. 
Also called '"/' 
iran-ja. Bull- 
. See bull- Brazilian Tanager {Rliamf/ixrlu, trasiliu, . 
ftnchl. Car- natural siie. 
dlnal tana- 
ger. (o)Seedef. (4) Any finch of the genus Paroaria. 
Cooper's tanager, a western variety of the summer tan- 
ager. Crested tanager, specifically, Tacliyphonu* trlt- 
tatug, the male of which is chiefly black with a long scar- 
let crest. Crests are unusual In this family of birds. 
Crimson-headed tanager, the Louisiana tanager. See 
def. Covet, 1878. Divaricated tanager, Lampratpua 
niflanotmca, the male of which is of a glossy black and 
white color with yellow bill, and 5A Inches long. Grand 
tanager, Saltator maynu*, of which both sexes are chiefly 
olive-green and ashy-gray. It is found from Panama to 
southern Brazil, and was formerly miscalled Cayenne 
roller (Latham). Green-headed tanager, either of two 
species of the beautiful genus CaUiste C. tricolor and C. 
fyUn. Hooded tanager, Xemoria pileata, the male <>f 
which Is 5 inches long, of a bluish-gray, white, and black 
color, with yellow feet. Liver-colored tanager, the he- 
patic tanager. Mississippi tanager, the summer tana- 
ger. Latham, 1783. Red-breasted tanager, Hhampho- 
celutjacapa, a near relative of the Brazilian tanager. Red 
tanager, the scarlet tanager. Latham.- Rose-throated 
tanager, Piranga roeeignlaris. See cut under Piranga. 
Rufous-throated tanager*. GlomptUa nficuUit. pe- 
culiar to Jamaica, the male of which is black and bluish, 
with chestnut throat, and 5 inches long. Formerly called 
rttfous-chinned Jinch by Latham, and American hedye- 
iparroia by Edwards. It Is not a tanager, but a guitguit 
(Caerebida). Scarlet tanager, l*iranya rubra, the black- 
winged redbird of the United States and warmer parts of 
America. The adult male is scarlet with black wings and 
tail, 7 Inches long and from 11 to 12 inches in extent. 
Scarlet Tanager (Piranga ntbra), male. 
The female is olive-green above and greenish-yellow be- 
low. This brilliant bin! nests in woods and groves upon 
the horizontal bough of a tree, building a loose flat fabric 
of fibers, twigs, and rootlet*, and lays from three to five 
greenish-blue eggs speckled with brown. Silent tana- 
ger, Arrhtinon silent, a small conirostral species, of varied 
greenish, blackish, or yellow coloration. Spotted emer- 
ald tanager, Collide yvttata, blight green varied with 
golden-yellow, black, and white. Variegated tanager, 
the young male summer tanager, when it is passing from 
a greenish and yellow coloration like that of the female 
to the rose-red of the adult male, and is then patched ir- 
regularly with all these colors. Yellow tanager, Callirir 
faaa. the male of which is chiefly yellow ana black. It 
inhabits southeastern Brazil. 
Tanagra (tan'a-gra), . [XL. (Linnaeus, 1758), 
prop. Tangara (Brisson, 1760), < Braz. tangara. 
some bird of this kind, especially Calliste tatao.'] 
The name-giving genus of the family Tanagri- 
<!'''. It was formerly used with great latitude to Include 
all of these and some other birds ; it Is now restricted to 
12 or 14 species, such as the episcopal tanager, T. rpisenput. 
