tank-car 
tank-car (tangk'kiir), M. A railway plntfonn- 
car curry ing a long cylindrical closed iron tank. 
adapted for the transportation of petroleum in 
bulk. Sometimes called oil-ear. 
tank-engine (tangk'en*jin), n. A. locomotive 
that carries its own water and coal, and does 
not draw a tender for this purpose. 
tank-furnace (tangk'fer'nas), H. See furnace. 
tanking (tang'king), n. [Verbal n. of tank 1 , r.] 
The operation or method of treating in tanks, 
as fish for the extraction of oil, by boiling, set- 
tling, etc. 
tank-iron (tangkVern), . Plate-iron thicker 
than sheet-iron or stove-pipe iron, but thinner 
than boiler-plate. 
tank-locomotive (tangk'16'ko-mo-tiv), n. A 
tank-engine Belgian-tank locomotive. See loco- 
motive. Double-truck tank-locomotive. See Jocoiwo- 
tioe. 
tank-vessel (tangk'ves'el), w. A ship of which 
the hold is so arranged that oil or other liquid 
can be carried in bulk. 
tank-worm (tangk'werm), n. Anematodeworm 
abounding in the mud in tanks in India, and be- 
lieved to be the young of the Filaria or Dracun- 
ctilu# mcdinensis, or guinea-worm, a troublesome 
parasite on man. See guinea-worm. 
tanling (tan'ling), n. [< toni + -ling 1 .] One 
tanned or scorched by the heat of the sun. 
Tennyson, Dualisms. [Rare.] 
Hot summer's taiilingt and 
The shrinking slaves of winter. 
Shale., Cymbellne, Ir. 4. 29. 
tan-liquor (tan'lik'or), n. Same as tan-ooze. 
tan-mill (tan'mil), . A mill for breaking up 
bark for tanning. 
tanna, n. See (ana 1 . 
tannable (tau'a-bl), a. [< tani + -able.'] Ca- 
pable of being tanned. 
tannadar, . See tanadar. 
tannage (tan'aj), H. [< tan* + -age.] 1. The 
act oftanning, or the state of being tanned; 
especially, the tanning of leather which is pre- 
pared by soaking in an infusion of bark. See 
towi, v. t.2. The bark or other substance 
used in tanning. [Rare.] 
Urged that . . . practical tanners be appointed by the 
government to make a scientific Investigation Into the 
relative merits of the several tannages, and to determine 
definitely, if possible, for what purposes the different 
taiiiuujtt could be advantageously used. 
Famnc, Mil. Encyc., II. 803. 
3. In the manufacture of so-called artificial 
marble, the process of steeping cast slabs of 
the material m a weak solution of potash alum, 
for the purpose of hardening the composition 
and rendering it insoluble. Also tannhii/. 
The most important operation in the composition of art i- 
flcial .Marbles is that of tannage, without which it would 
be impossible for the cabinet maker to scrape and polish 
the material. Marble-Worker, i 13). 
4. Browning from exposure to the sun and air, 
as the human skin. [Rare.] 
They should have got his cheek fresh tannage 
Such a day as to-day In the merry sunshine. 
Broicniny, Flight of the Duchess, lit. 
tannate (tan'at). . [< tann(ic) + -atti.] A 
salt of tannic acid: as, potassium tannate. The 
tannute* are characterised by striking a deep 
8181 
bluish-black color with iVi-i-ir ~:ilt*. Tannate- 
of-lead ointment. >> < I'inimrni. 
tanner 1 (tan'r-r). . ^< Mil. tanneri (<-f. MI). 
toMr):<tJ + -<)'. Cl. OF. tmner (ML. tii- 
Mariux), also tinman-, F. tiiiini'ur( Ml, .liiniiiilur). 
a tanner, < tumm; t:in: see tan 1 .] One nho-e 
occupation it is to tan hides, or to convert them 
into leather by tanning. 
A laniu-r will l:ist you nine year; . . . his hide li solan- 
ucd with IMS trade that he will keep out water a great 
while. Shot., Hamlet, v. 1. 183. 
Tanners' bark, the bark of trees containing tannic acid, 
stripped and prepared for use In tanning skins. Tan- 
ners' ooze. Same a taH-w/zc. Tanners' aumac. *'' 
niinac.- Tanners' waste, hide-cuttings, etc. 
tanner 2 (tan'er), n. [Said to be of Gipsy ori- 
gin: < "Gipsy tano, little, the sixpence being 
the little coin as compared with a shilling. ' 
This is doubtful.] A sixpence. [Slang.] 
Two people came to see the Monument. They were a 
Kvntlcman and a lady; and the gentleman said. "How 
much a-pleceH" The Man in the Monumriit replied, "A 
Tanner.' It seemed a low expression, compared with the 
Monument. The gentleman put a shilling Into his hand. 
DieJreiu, Martin Chuzzlewlt, xxxvli. 
tannery (tan'er-i), n.; pi. tanneries (-i/.). [For- 
merly also tannerie,< OF. (and F.) tannerie (ML. 
tanaria, tannaria, tanneria); as tan 1 + -t-nj.] 
1. A place where the operations of tanning 
are carried on. 2. The art or process of tan- 
ning. 
Miraculous Improvement! in Tannery ! 
Carlylf, French Rev., III. v. 7. 
tannic (tan'ik), a. [< Cl + -iV.] Pertain- 
ing to or derived from tan. Tannic add, tannin, 
a white uncrystalllzable Inodorous substance, Cull,,,!),,, 
having a most astringent taste, without bitterness. It i 
very soluble in water, much less so In alcohol. It has an 
aciu reaction, and combines with most saliflablc bases. It 
precipitates starch, albumin, and glutln, and forms with 
gelatin a very insoluble compound which is the basis of 
leather, and on which the art of tanning is founded. The 
word tannin IKIS been loosely applied to all astringent vege- 
table principles. Commercially, tannic acid la of two kinds 
qauotannieacid, derived from nntgalls, and querritannic 
ana, which occurs In healthy leaves and bark. Gallotan- 
nlc acid Is the kind chiefly used. In medicine it is used 
internally as an astringent and externally as an astringent 
and styptic. Also called tannin and ttigaliic aciti. Tan- 
nic-acid ointment. See nintmtnt. 
tannier (tan'i-er), n. [Also written tanier; 
origin obscure.] The blue or nut eddoes, 
Xanthnsoma sanittiftnitim (Caladium sagiitie- 
folium), of the West Indies, cultivated in trop- 
ical countries for its farinaceous tuberous root, 
which resembles that of the oddoes or taro, to 
which it is allied. Sometimes called spoon- 
floicer. 
tanniferous (ta-nif e-rus), n. [< tann(in) -f- 
-i-ferous.'] Tannin-yielding; abounding in and 
readily supplying tannic acid. Cre, Diet., IV. 
897. 
tannikin (tan'i-kin), n. [Also tanaicin ; appar. 
a particular use of Tannikin, a dim. of Anne (with 
prefixed t- as in Ted for AW).] A girl or woman. 
[Slang.] 
A pretty nlmble-eyd Dutch tanakin. 
Marston, Dutch Courtezan, I. 1. 
tannin (tan'in), n. [= F. tannin; as taw 1 + 
- 2 .] Same as tannic acid. Also called taya. 
See tannic. 
tanning (tan'ing), n. [Verbal n. of fcri, r.] 
1 . The art or process of converting hides and 
skins into leather; the manufacture of leather. 
The process Is chiefly chemical, and depends essentially 
upon the action of tannic acid, gallic acid, alum, sulphates 
of Iron and copper, salt, and other agents on the gelatin, 
glutin, albumin, and other constituents of animal skins. 
.Strictly, tanning is the treatment of hides with tannin, 
or tannic acid ; the treatment of hides with alum and 
other minerals is called fairing (which see). In tan- 
ning proper, raw, salted, and dried hides of cattle are 
treated with some form of tannin, either by itself or In 
connection with other agents, and the product is called 
leather to distinguish it from the irliitf or alum leather, 
kid, lamlmHn, etc.. produced from the skins of goats, 
sheep, and other small animals. While a great number of 
plants yield tannin, the chief source of it Is the bark of 
the oak, hemlock, birch, and beech, and the powdered 
leaves and young shoots of the sumac. Xutgalls are 
also used, as they carry gallic acid with the tannic acid. 
Many other vegetable matters are also used. The treat- 
ment of the hides In tanning Is essentially a steeping or 
soaking In baths formed of extracts of tannin either by 
placing the ground bark directly In the baths, or by em- 
ploying fluid extracts of the barks or sumacs. The hides 
arc first freed from hair and fleshed, and are then placed 
In the baths. The art of tanning also Includes the mechan- 
ical and chemical treatment of the hides to make them 
supple and water-proof. See leather, 1. 
2. An appearance or hue of a brown color pro- 
duced on the skin by the action of the sun. 
Diseases and distempers Incident to our faces are in- 
dustriously to be cured without any thought or blame 
of pride : as flushings, redness, inflammations, pimples, 
freckles, rugtfedness. tttitnin<>, and the like. 
Jer. Taylor (I), Artif. Handsomeness, p. 105. (Latham.) 
tansy 
3. Same us I<I,,HIII/< . :\. 4. A whipping; a flog- 
gi ng. [Slang. ] Red tanning, bark-tanning. Tan- 
ners' ur tanning gumac. 
tannin-plate (tan'in-phit i, //. In /;//'.></., a col- 
lodion dry plate finally fre.-iieil with a piv>ervn- 
tive solution of tannin: no longer in use. 
tannometer (ta-nom'e-ter), n. |< tiinn(in) + 
Or. pTpor, measure.] A hydrometer for ile'. i 
mining tlie proportion of tannin in tanning- 
liquor. 
tannyt, . An obsolete form of lairiiy. 
tan-OOZe (tan'o/.). //. In tunning, an aqueous 
extract of tun-bark, as hemlock- or oak- bark 
or mixtures of these barks, or of other vege- 
table substances or mixtures of such Miii-t 
with one another or with tan-bark, used in tan- 
ning. The ooic alto usually contains In a su]> 
state the material or mixture of materials from which 
the water dissolves out the tannin in making the extract ; 
and. after the more or less prolonged immersion tin n in 
of the hides or skins, the latter absorb a large proportion 
of the extracted tannin, and the ooze becomes somewhat 
shiny from animal matters. Also called taii-li<{H<>r. 
tan-pickle (tan'pik'l), M. The liquor of a tan- 
pit : same as tan-oo:e. 
The charge to the public was leu than it had been when 
the vessels were unseaworthy, when the sailors were riot- 
ous, when the food was alive with vermin, when the drink 
tasted like tanpiclde, and when the clothes and hammocks 
were rotten. Macaulay, Hist. Eng., ixiv 
tan-pit (tan'pit), n. 1. A sunken vat in which 
hidc-s are laid in tan. 2. A bark- bed. 
tan-press (tan'pres), w. A machine for the pur- 
pose of expressing moisture from wet spent tan . 
tanquamt, n. [< L. tain/mnii. ttnnqiiani, so much 
as, as much as, as if, < tarn, so much, + I/IIUMI. 
as.] See tho quotation. [Old slang.] 
Tiiii'/iKiin Is a fellow's fellow in our Universities. 
Blmmt (ed. 1681), p. 638. (UattimU.) 
tanrec. . See tenrec. 
tan-ride (tan'rid), n. An iuclosure spread with 
tan, in which to exercise horses. E. H. Tales, 
Fifty Years of London Life, ii. 
tan-spud (tan'spud), n. An instrument for peel- 
ing the bark from oak and other trees. [Local.] 
tan-stove (tan'stov), n. A hothouse with a 
bark-stove ; also, the stove itself. 
tansy (tan'zi), n. [Early mod. E. also tansie, 
tansey ; < ME. taimaye, < OF. tanasie, tanesie, 
tnnaisie, F. tanaisie, an aphetic form of OF. 
athanasie, tansy, = OSp. atanasia, Sp. atanasia, 
tansy, cpstmary, marshniallow, = Pg. atanagia, 
athanasia = It. atanasia, tansy, < ML. atliana- 
ttia, tansy, < Gr. aOavaaia, immortality, < a8ava- 
rof, immortal (> Olt. atanato, rose-campion), < 
a- priv. + BAvarof, death, < Baveiv, Ovf/aneiv, die. 
For tansy, lit. 'im- 
mortality,' as the 
name of a plant, 
cf . lire-forever and 
immortelle. Hence 
uk. Tanacetum.] 
1. A perennial 
herb, Tanacetum 
vulgare, a stout 
erect plant 2 or 3 
feet nigh, with 
pinnate cut- 
toothed leaves, 
and yellow ray- 
less beads in a 
terminal corymb. 
It is native In the 
northern Old World, 
and well known as an 
Introduced roadside 
weed In North Amer- 
ica. The acrid strong- 
scented leaves and 
tops are an otflcinal 
drug with the proper- 
ties of an aromatic 
bitter and an irritant 
narcotic. The volatile oil Is highly poisonous. The leaves 
were formerly used as a seasoning. See def. 3. 
2. One of several plants with somewhat similar 
leaves, as the milfoil, Achillea Millt'fiiliiuu, the 
silverweed (also goose-tansy), and the ragwort, 
Senecio Jacpbaa. See the phrases below. 
3f. A pudding or cake made with eggs, cream, 
sugar, rose-water, and the juice of tansy, to 
which that of spinach, sorrel, or other herbs 
was sometimes added. 
Fridays and Saturdays, and sometimes Wednesdays, 
which days we have Fish at dinner, and tartly or pudding 
for supper. Strype, In KUis's Ut. Letters, p. l"a 
The custom of eating tantty pudding and tansy cake at 
F.aster Is of very ancient origin, and was no doubt to be 
traced to the Jewish custom of eating cakes made with 
bitter herbs (N* umbers ix. 11); but, to take from It any 
Jewish character, at a very early date It became the cus- 
tom to eat pork or bacon with the cakes. 
.V. and p., 6th ser., .\n. 261. 
Tansy (Tattacetum vulfare). 
a, a disk-flower; t>, a ray-flower; c, an 
achene. 
