tapestried 
Remnants of tape*! rifil lumijiiu;*. ulndow-ciirtului, and 
shred* of pictures, with which 1- h:i<l btdlMMd hll tet- 
ters. SMt, Waverlcy, liiii. 
2. Hung or covered with tapestry. 
lu vain on gilded roof they fall, 
And lightun'd "i> :' I'l/'i'lrieil wall. 
NIV.M, L. of the I.., vl. i'i. 
tapestry (tap'es-tri), H.; pi. tupfxli-iis (-ti-i/.). 
[Formal; l* lnpi.ilri/, ^(/' W ''.V .' with excres- 
cent /, for curlier titpiasrrii; tapi/wryi; < MK. 
laperei-i/, tupfi'iri/t; 'tupixi-rie = Sp. Injim-rin = 
I'it. td/n i^irin, lapii;aria = It. tiipp<-:;i-rin (ML. 
tapieeriti), < OF. lapi.tm r.V, tapestry, hangings, 
< tapis.ii'>; furnish with tapestry: sec tapin, r.] 
A fabric resembling textile fabrics in tbut it 
consists of a warp upon which colored threads 
of wool, silk, gold, or silver are fixed to pro- 
duce a pattern, but differing from it in the fact 
that tin 'si t lii-cads are not thrown with the shut- 
tle, but are put in one by one with a needle. 
I'iecfs of tapestry have generally been employed for cover- 
ing the walls of apartments, for which purpose they were 
used in the Liter middle ages and down to the seventeenth 
century, and afterward for covering furniture, as the seats 
and backs of sofas and arm-chairs. Hee cut under screen. 
In the desk 
That's cover'd o'er with Turkish tapestry 
There la a purse of ducats. 
Shale., C. of E.,lv. 1.104. 
Aubusson tapestry, (a) Tapestry made at the former 
royal factory at Aubusson, in the department of Creuse, 
France. The factory was reorganized in the reign of 
Louis XIV. (&) Tapestry now made in the city of Au- 
busson for wall-hangings and curtains. The greater part 
of the modern tapestry ottered for sale in Paris is attrib- 
uted to this make. Some of it is of great beauty; but In 
general old designs are copied, or modined to suit the size 
of rooms for which the hangings are ordered. Bayeux 
tapestry, a piece of needlework, 231 feet long and 20 
inches wide, preserved in the hdtel de ville of Bayeux 
in Normandy. It represents the invasion of England by 
William of Normandy, with the previous incidents leading 
to the conquest, and is undoubtedly a contemporary work. 
Cluny tapestry, a strong thick cloth, made of wool and 
silk, especially for hangings and curtains, of which the 
manufacture was introduced into England about 1875 : 
the designs are often ecclesiastical in character. Gobe- 
lin tapestry, (a) A class of rich French tapestries bear- 
ing complicated and often pictorial designs in brilliant 
and permanent colors, produced at the national establish- 
ment of the Gobelins, Paris. (6) By abuse of the name, a 
printed worsted cloth for covering chairs, sofas, etc., in 
imitation of tapestry. See gobelin. Needle-Woven tap- 
estry. See iKedfc-irown. Neullly tapestry, a modern 
tapestry made on the Jacquard loom, in imitation of that 
of the Uobelins. Russian tapestry. See Russian. 
Savonnerie tapestries, s,avonnerie carpets, the produc- 
tion of the ancient factory of La Savonnerie, established 
at Paris under the reign of Henry IV., and afterward 
united with the Gobelins factory. Tapestry Brussels 
carpet, Brussels carpet woven with a common loom and 
printed In the warp. Tapestry carpet, a kind of two- 
ply carpet of which the warp or weft is printed before 
weaving so as to form a figure in the fabric. It has a long 
warp, is often dyed of many colors and embroidered with 
threads of gold or silver, and is used for hangings as a sub- 
stitute for real tapestry. Tapestry velvet or patent 
velvet carpet, tapestry Brussels cut like Wilton. Tap- 
estry weaver, one of certain rectigrade spiders of the 
group Tubitelx. 
tapestry (tap'es-tri), '. t. ; pret. and pp. tapes- 
tried, ppr. tapestrying. [Formerly also tapistry ; 
< tapestry, .] 1. To adorn with tapestry. 
2. To adorn with hangings or with any pendent 
covering. 
We were conducted to the lodgings, tapistri/'d with In- 
comparable arras. Evelyn, Diary, Oct. 8, 1641. 
The Trosachs wound, as now, between gigantic walls of 
rock tapestried with broom and wild roses. 
Macaulay, Hist Eng., xlii. 
tapestry-cloth (tap'es-tri-kloth), n. A corded 
linen cloth prepared for tapestry-painting. 
tapestry-moth (tap'es-tri-moth), . The com- 
mon clothes-moth, Tinea tapetzclla, occurring 
in Europe and North America, or a similar spe- 
cies, as T. flafifrontella. See cut under clotlies- 
motli. 
tapestry-painting (tap'es-tri-pan'ting), . 
Fainting on linen in imitation of tapestry. The 
linen so painted and put together in large 
pieces is used for wall-hangings. 
tapestry-stitch (tap'es-tri-stich), . Same as 
gobtHn ttitrli (which see, under gobelin ). 
tapett, . and c. See tappet 1 . 
tapetal (tap'e-tal), a. [< tapet(um) + -al.~] In 
bot., of or pertaining to the tapetum Tapetal 
cell, in bot., an individual cell of the tapetum. Also 
called mantle-cell. 
tapete (ta-pe'te), w. [NL., < L. tapete, a carpet, 
rug: see 'tappet 1 .} In bot., same as tapetiini. 
tapeti (tap'e-ti), n. [Braz.] The Brazilian 
bare, l.ipint ftnuiifaMfetlM only South Ameri- 
can representative of its tribe. It is a small 
species, resembling the common wood-rabbit 
or molly-cottontail of the United States. See 
cut in next column. 
tapetless (tap'et-les), n. [Appar. < tap, Sc. 
form of top, head, T dim. -et + -less. But it 
..i SB 
Tnpeti 
may be an irreg. form < taiict, prop, ta/ipil, 
8c. form of topped, headed, -r -less.} Foolish ; 
lieedless. [Scotch.] 
The tapetless ramfeezl'd hizzlc, 
She's saft at best, and something lazy. 
Burns, Second Eplstleto J. Lapralk. 
tapetum (ta-pe' turn), w.; pi. tapeta (-til). [NL., 
< L. tapete, ML. taprtum, < Gr. rdirr/f (ramrf-), a 
carpet, rug : see tappet 1 .} 1 . In bot., the cell or 
layer of cells which is immediately outside an 
archesporium. It is disorganized and absorbed 
as the spores develop and mature. Also tn/H-if. 
2. The pigmentary layer of the retina; the 
tapetum nigrum. 3. The fibers from the cor- 
pus callosum forming a layer lining the roof of 
the middle and posterior cornua of the lateral 
ventricles. Tapetum lucidum, the bright-colored 
light-reflecting membrane between the retina and the scle- 
rotic coat of the eyeball : a modined chorold. Tapetum 
nigrum, the pigmentary layer of the retina. See def. 'L 
tape-work (tap'werk), n. A kind of ornamental 
work consisting of knots, rosettes, etc., made 
of tape, and connected together by braid or 
cord, arranged in varied patterns and sewed 
strongly into a continuous texture, or else 
worked with the crochet-needle to form a back- 
ground to the figures made by the tape. 
tapeworm (tap'werm), 11. An entozoic para- 
sitic worm, of flattened or tape-like form and 
indeterminate length, consisting of many sep- 
arable joints, found in the adult state in the ali- 
mentary canal of most 
vertebrated animals. 
Such worms belong to the 
order Cestoidea or Ttfniada, 
family Taniidx, and several 
different genera, especially TV- 
ma, the true tapeworms, and 
Bothriocephaltu, the broad 
tapes. The so-called "head" 
of a tapeworm, small and incon* 
spicuous in comparison with 
the great length to which the 
body may attain, is the whole 
of the real worm, all the rest of 
the joints being merely succes- 
sive generative buds, which 
contain the matured sexual ele- 
ments, and are technically 
called profflottides. They are 
continually budded off from 
the head, the oldest joint being 
the one furthest from the head ; 
and any number of them may 
he broken off and expelled 
from the body without stopping 
their continual gemmation. 
This is why no tapeworm can 
be eradicated unless the head 
is expelled from the host. 
The chain of links or joints is 
the strobila ; it may consist of 
several hundred generative 
buds, and grow to be several 
yards long. These formidable parasites are parenchym- 
atous, having no mouth nor alimentary canal, and live 
by absorbing nourishment from that intended to nourish 
the host, so that persons thus parasitized may suffer from 
defective nutrition while acquiring a ravenous appetite. 
The head of the tape is provided with hooks or suckers, 
or both, for adhering to the mucous membrane of the host. 
The ova, matured In every one of the joints, do not com- 
plete their development in the animal in which the adult 
exists. They require to be swallowed by some other ver- 
tebrate, the ripe proglottides being expelled from the 
bowel of the host with all their contained ova fertilized. 
The segments or proglottides decompose and liberate the 
ova, which are covered with a capsule. After being swal- 
lowed the capsule bursts, and an embryo, called aproscoUx, 
is liberated. This embryo, by means of spines, perforates 
the tissues of some contiguous organ, or of a blood-vessel, 
in the latter case being carried by the blood to some solid 
Ct of the body, as the liver or brain, where it surrounds 
If with a cyst, and develops a vesicle containing a fluid. 
It is now called a scoiex or hydatid, and was formerly 
known as the cystic trorm. The scolex is incapable of 
further development till swallowed and received a second 
time into the alimentary canal of a vertebrate. Here it 
becomes the head of the true tapeworm (see ttenia ttead\ 
from which proglottides are developed posteriorly by gem- 
mation, and the adult animal with which the cycle began 
is thus reached. (See cut under txnia.) At least eight 
tapeworms, mostly of the genus Teenia. are found in man. 
The pork tape is T. tulitim, which in its cystic form (the so- 
called Cyttieermtcelhilufx) in the pig produces the disease 
measles (see meaite*, 2); it is acqnirfd by those who eat 
Broad Tapeworm i 
0<tfhalns fatuj), in several 
sections, with intervening 
joints omitted. I, heail ; a, 
other end ; a, several seg- 
ments, enlarged ; A, head, en 
Urged. 
tapir 
measly pork, or raw KausaK'h nunlt wilti surli pork. The 
beef -tape U 7". mtiii i in I gjptlan or dwarf tep< 
Isl*. Mna;c llipih -j^ii.i.d, T. Miptica; the 
crested, T. l(>i<ii^nnti ; tin- >]>ottrtl, T. Jldi-ojmitcta. A dog- 
tapu is T. lerrata; its larva, culled Cysticercus pistfuriniji, 
Is the pea-measle of the rabbit. Another dug-tape Is T 
caenvrus, whose larva is the cystic worm c Cat aunts <wrfcro- 
(w)of the sheep's hraln, |iriMiu<:ii>K tin- Kill >r staggers. A 
third dog-tape Is T. echinococctu, whose larva, known an 
Kchinoaxeut veterinarian. Is a common li> datid w>n 
fniind in iiiiin. T. tnar</inatn of the dog is (lie t;qn U.>MI. 
from thf Blender hydatid Cynticercus tenuw'lli* uf th. 
sheep. A cystlcercus of the mouse becomes Tunia era* 
ticouu In the cat. Certain cystk-eid of inl< 
the fox Ttenia tenuicdli* and T. crasgiceps. The broad 
tapeworm of man Is Botitrioeephalujf latus alMi- :illr-l >//, - 
tapeworm, and another human parasite of this genus Is 11. 
cordalui. Tape* are also called ribbon- mrmi. .See cut 
Nnclrr Cettiiidea, also eaenurut, cyntictrm*. echinaeocau, 
hydalis, pruylatUt, (cuter, deutotcoui, ttrulnla. 
tapeworm-plant (tap'w6rm-plant), u. The 
cusso, Srayera (Hagcniti) initlirliimitivn. 
tap-bole (tap'hol), n. In metal.: (a) A vertical 
slot cut through tbo dam and dam-plate of a 
blast-furnace. Through It the metal Is tapped. Dar- 
ing the working of the furnace the tap-hole fa kept closed 
with a stopping of clay, which Is removed by a pointed 
bar when the molten metal is ready to be drawn off. (ft) 
In the puddling-furnaee, a small hole tbrougli 
which the slag, technically termed tap-cinder, 
is let out, and which during the process of 
puddling is stopped with sand. See diagram 
under puddling-furnace. (c) In a cementa- 
tion-furnace, a small hole in one end of each 
pot, opposite to which is a hole in the furnace- 
wall, used for the insertion of "trial "or "tap" 
bars, so placed as to be accessible for ready 
withdrawal and inspection during the cemen- 
tation process. Also called testing-hole, (d) In 
general, any small hole in a furnace through 
which metal or slag, or both, are drawn at any 
stage in the process. Also tapping-twit. 
tap-house (tap'hous), n. A dnnking-house ; a 
tavern. [Rare.] 
For mine own part, I never come Into any room In a 
tap-huiae but I am drawn In. Shale., M. (or M.. II. 1. 219. 
Taphozous (taf-o-zo'us), . [NL., < Gr. r<i0or, 
grave, tomb, + 06$, living (cf. f^ov, animal), < 
Ciyv, live.] A genus of emballonurine bats, of 
tropical and subtropical regions of the Old 
World. They have deciduous upper Incisors, only four 
lower incisors, cartilaginous premaxlllary bones, and, in 
the males, usually a glandular sac under the chin, which 
Is sometimes present in both sexes, as In T. longimantt*. 
or wanting in both, as in T. melanopvffon. There are near- 
ly a dozen species, of the Ethiopian. Oriental, and Austra- 
lian regions, some of which are often detached to form the 
genus Taphonycteru. 
taphrenchyma (taf-reng'ki-ma), H. [< Gr. 
ratyjof, pit, + lyxvfia, an infusion.] Same ns 
bothrenrhyma. 
Taphrina'(taf-ri'na),n. [NL. (Fries, 1815), < Gr. 
rdtyjof, pit.] A genus of parasitic discomyce- 
tous fungi, having terete or club-shaped eight- 
or many-gpored asci arising from the mycelium, 
which ramifies between the epidermal cells and 
the cuticle of the host plant. About 20 species are 
known, of which number 7". de/onnam causes the "curl" 
of peach-leaves, and T. 1'rnni the disease of plums known 
as "plum-pockets." See curl. 
tapiacat, " Same as tapioca. 
tapicerr, See tapiser. 
tapinaget, . [ME., < OF. (and F. dial.) tapi- 
naije, skulking, < tapir, hide, ekulk: see tap- 
wall.'} The act of lurking; skulking about: 
hiding; keeping from sight. 
This newe tapinage 
Of lollardie goth aboute 
To sette Cristes feith in doube. 
Omcer, Gout. Amant., II. 187. 
At the last they devysed 
That they wolde gon in lapinaye. 
Horn, of the ROM. 1. 7361. 
tapioca (tap-i-6'ka), n. [Formerlv also some- 
times tapiaca; ='F. tapioca, tapfoka, < Sp. Pg. 
tapioca ; < Braz. (Tupi-Guarani) tipioca, the 
juice which issues from the root of the manioc 
(cassava) when pressed.] A farinaceous sub- 
stance prepared from cassava by drying it 
while moist upon hot plates. By this treatment 
the starch-grains swell, many of them burst, and the 
whole agglomerates In small irregular masses or lumps. 
In boiling water It swells up and forms a viscous jelly-like 
mass. Tapioca forms a nutritiousanddelicatefoodsuited 
to Invalids. Tapioca-meal, or Brazilian arrowroot, is the 
same substance dried without heating. See cawara (with 
cut). 
tapiolite (tap'i-6-lit), M. [Said to be named 
from a Finnish Jivinity.] A tantalate of iron, 
probably having the same composition as tanta- 
lite, but occurring in tetragonal crystals. It is 
known from the parish of Tammela, Finland. 
only. 
tapir (ta'per), n. [= F. tapir = It. tapiro, < Sp. 
tn j>< n> (NL. Tapims). < Braz. (Tupi) tapyra, a 
