telegraph 
been devised, by means of which many messages may be 
transmitted over one line at the same time. Among these 
is the harmonic telegraph. (Hee def. 1.) Other systems of 
multiplex telegraphy depend on the synchronous move- 
ment of parts, such as revolving disks, by means of which 
local circuits at the extremities of the main line are regu- 
larly and rapidly placed in connection with each other 
through the main conducting wire. Electric telegraph, 
the instrument, apparatus, device, or process by means of 
which electricity is utilized for the rapid transmission of 
intelligence between distant points. All varieties of elec- 
tric telegraph have in common one or more conducting 
wires joining the points between which transmission takes 
place. At one end is a sending instrument, or transmitter, 
and at the other a receiving instrument By the sending 
instrument electric impulses are transmitted through the 
line to the receiver, where they produce visible or audible 
signals capable of translation into words and sentences. 
Batteries, dynamos, or any other convenient source may 
supply the electricity. The conducting wire may be sup- 
ported in the air upon insulators attached to poles, or it may 
b u buried underground or sunk under water (being first cov- 
G214 
is shown at d. The electromotor is shown at c, and 
netic key, actuated by the currents which pass throi 
closer if, and used to send out the line-currents, is shown at a. In the 
receiving apparatus h is the paper-drum which contains the roll of 
paper MI on which the message is printed as it is drawn past the type- 
wheel at y. The motor is shown at 1, and is similar to that shown at c. 
in ordinary Human characters by the receiving instru- 
ment.- Recording telegraph, a telegraph provided witli 
an apparatus which makes a record of the messag 
telekinesis 
sage tran, 
mitted. Solar telegraph, a telegraph in which the rays 
of the sun are projected from and upon mirrors; a helio- 
stat. The duration of the rays makes the alphabet, after 
the manner of the dot-and-dash telegraphic alphabet. 
Submarine telegraph. See submarine cable, under c- 
Me. Submarine Telegraph Act, a British statute of 
1S85 (48 and 49 Viet., c. 49) confirming the Convention of 
the Powers for the protection of telegraph-cables. Tele- 
graph Act, a British statute of 1868 (31 and 32 Viet., c. 
110) which authorized the purchase and operation of tele- 
graph lines by the Post-office. Other British statutes regu- 
lating the construction and maintenance of telegraphs are 
-'-- known by this title. 
;;;; telegraphist (tel'e-graf-ist or te-leg'ra-fist), . 
[< teleijriiph + -ist.~\ A telegrapher. 
>elegraph-key (tel'e-graf-ke), n. A device for 
making and breaking an electric circuit by the 
movement of the fingers and hand, it usually 
consists of a bar or lever pivoted in the middle, having a 
button of some insulating material attached at one end, 
below which are two platinum-points whose contact at c 
in the figure completes the circuit. The insulating but- 
ered with some good insulating material). Many different telegraph (tel'e-graf), v. [= F. telegraphier = 
signals which conform to the requirements of a conven- 
tional alphabet, as in the Morse system of telegraphy ; or 
they may be made to operate a mechanism at the receiv- 
ing end so as to write or print the message. See def. 1. 
Facsimile telegraph. Same as autographic telegraph. 
Fire-alarm telegraph. See Are -alarm. Harmonic 
telegraph, see def. i. Magnetic telegraph, the elec- 
tric telegraph. Mechanical telegraph. See mechani- 
cal, and def. 1. Morse telegraph, a telegraphic sys- 
tem consisting essentially of a transmitting key oper- 
ated by the hand, together with an electromagnetic re- 
ceiver or register which records the signals in the form of 
dots and dashes. The registering apparatus is usually 
dispensed with and the signals read "by sound," the re- 
ceiving magnet with its armature being known as a sounder. 
or convey, as a communication, speech, intelli- 
gence, or order, by a semaphore or telegraph, 
especially by the electric telegraph. 
A little before sunset, however, Blackwood, in the Eury- 
alns, telegraphed that they appeared determined to go to 
the westward. Soulhey, Nelson, II. 240. 
" Make Buell, Grant, and Pope Major-generals of vol- 
unteers" he [HalleckJ telegraphed the day after the sur- 
render. Nicolay and Hay, Lincoln, V. 199. 
II. intrans. 1. To send a message by tele- 
graph. 2. To signal; communicate by signs. 
I now observed that Bellaal was standing very near me. 
. . . The fellow had his gun in his hand, and he was tele- 
graphitiyby looks with those who were standing near him. 
Sir 5. W. Baiter, Heart of Africa, xvi. 
I didn't see I didn't understand. Besides, I hate smirk- 
ing and telegraphing. Also I'm very shy you won't have 
forgotten that. Now we can communicate comfortably. 
The Century, XXXVI. 128. 
telegraph-board (tel'e-graf -bord), n. A board 
on which are hoisted or otherwise marked the 
numbers of horses about to run in a race, to- 
gether with the names of their jockeys. 
Telegraph-key. 
ton is held by the thumb and first two fingers, and stops 
are arranged to control the play or movement of the lever. 
The two ends of a break In the line-wire are connected to 
the terminals (, t, and the break is bridged over by the 
lever 6 each time it Is depressed during the transmission of 
the message. When the key is not being used the lever is 
held against its back-stop by the spring p, and the break 
is bridged over by putting the lever I in the position shown, 
telegraphophone (tel-e-graf'o-fon), n. [< Gr. 
Tfj'Xf, afar, + E. graphophoneJ] An apparatus 
for reproducing at a distance the sounds which 
produced a graphophonic record; also, an ap- 
paratus for producing a graphophonic record 
at a distance by means of a telephonic circuit. 
Indian Desmodium gyrans, a plant with trifoli- 
olate leaves, of which the lateral leaflets are 
very small and remarkable for their spontaneous 
jerking motion, suggesting signaling, in a warm 
humid atmosphere they alternately rise and fall, quickly 
changing their position, sometimes almost 180 degrees, 
while they also rotate on their own axes. Also moving- 
plant and semaphore-plant. 
telegraph-pole (tel'e-graf-pol), n. One of a 
Morse Telegraph Sounder. 
brings the stop c against the anvil d, giving out a clear 
click lor each current sent. The audible signals consist 
of short and long intervals of contact, corresponding to 
dots and dashes, and we interpreted by means of the 
-Morse alphabet (which see, under alphabet). When the 
line is more than a mile or two in length, the signals are 
usually received first on a relay, which is similar in form 
to a sounder, but so constructed that its armature re- 
sponds to feeble currents. The end of this armature acts 
as a key iu a local circuit which operates the sounder 
or register. Needle-telegraph. See def. 1. Octo- 
plex telegraph, a telegraph by which eight messages 
can be sent at the same time over a single wire. Opti- 
cal telegraph, (a) A semaphore. (6) An electric tele- 
graph of the needle or pointer class. Phonoplex tele- 
graph, a telegraph in which multiplex telegraphy is se- 
containing wires used for transmitting tele- J8J.J , *i, and !2 e 7 ( . ir , V - * 
graphic messages. In the accompanying cuts a rep- telegraph-post (tel e-graf-post), n. A tele- 
resents a single-conductor cable, sheathed with iron or 
telegraph-reel (tel'e-graf-rel), n. In a record- 
ing telegraph, the reel on which is wound the 
endless strip of paper on which the messages 
are printed or otherwise indicated. 
telegraph-register (tel'e-graf-rej"is-ter), n. A 
form of receiving instrument which makes a 
permanent record of the signals received. See 
cut under recorder. 
telegraphy (tel'e-graf-i or te-leg'ra-fi), n. [= 
F- telearupliie ; as telegraph 4- -y3j" The art or 
>er- telegraph-carriage (tel'e-graf-kar"aj), n. 
voir at one end of a long tube, the compression being 
barometer.] An instrument for recording elec- 
controlled, by electric impulses transmitted trfftA hermaphrodite-nowered 
through telegraph-wires. teleiconograph (tel'e-i-konVgraf), [< Gr. 
teleCTanh-dia.1 ftpl'6 o-f r)i" n 11 A rl,<,l ****' atar > + e " cuv ' an ""age, + ypafeiv, write.] 
beafing P L letters of the 'alpha^t, figuret, et A combination of the telescope and camera iJ- 
arranged in a circle with a T li^rpr , cida devised by M. Revoil. The camera lucida is at- 
tromJ^Hm Poster actuated ched to the eyepiece of the telescope in such a way th 
DV eiectromagnetism. 
telegrapher (tele-graf-er or te-leg'ra-fer), n. 
One who is skilled in telegraphy; one whose 
occupation is the sending or /ellgraphic mes- 
sages, especially by the electric telegraph ; a tance between the eye and the paper. 
telegraph-operator.- Telegraphers' cramp or pal- teleityt (te-le'i-ti), i. [< Gr. rc/.eioc, finished, 
w^'itei" ' cramp*" " neurosis F tere g ra P h ei's, similar to perfect, + -iiy.] End; tendency to fulfil a f urn- 
way that 
the observer sees an image of the objects visible in the 
field of view apparently projected upon a sheet of paper 
P la ed " ? table below the eyepiece, where 
a'd,'i"en a b PPa ' a "'" S ,' S ^ ^^ in which ' ^S'*Bf chL__ 
\ one motor ; in other respects the mechanism is practi- 
. 2 ne ^ nle ssage is transmitted by manr '-~- - 
pertaining to the telegraph ; made by a tele- 
graph; used in telegraphing: as, telegraphic 
form, if I may say so, than the Meity of the mixture. 
Gentleman Instructed, p. 427. (Daeies.) 
depends on the ___, r , 
kept moving ln synchronism (the ty 
.c 
od passing through the top of the cylinder e. 
signals; telegraphic art. 2. Communicated or telekinesis (tel"e-ki-ne'sis), 11. [NL., < Gr. 
Tf*, afar, + Ktvyaif, movement: see kinetic.] 
Movement of or motion in an object, animate or 
inanimate, produced without contact with the 
body producing the motion. See the quotation 
under telekinetic. [Recent.] 
Extra-mediumistic operations, as thought-transference, 
telepathy, telekinesis (Fcrnwirkiing), or movements of ob- 
jerts without contact, and finally materialisation. 
Miirr*, Proc. Soc. Psych. Research, Dec. 1890, p. (MB. 
transmitted by a telegraph: as, telegraphic in- 
(tel-f-graf'i-kal), a. [< tele- 
.. ^ ] Same as telegraphic. 
telegraphically (tel-f-graf'i-kal-i), adi: I. In 
a telegraphic manner; by means of the tele- 
graph. 2. As regards telegraphic communi- 
cation: as, a town teleyrnphirallii isolated. 
