Solent 
tendon 
lar tissue. The tissue or substance of tendons la ijUitc like 
tll:it uf ligament, fascia, etc., heilii: dense white II brolly Of 
ordinary connective tissue, IIHII ally entirely Inelastic am I in. 
extensible, though there arc Home c \crpt ions to tlii< i ulr. 
They are attiieh.-i! t<, liones by perfect continuity of th.-ii- 
tissue with tin- perioMtciim, and an- nut notably dllleicnt 
from tlu- li:i i iicnls .,r joints. 'I'll ey arc the strongest sub- 
StimeeS uf tllf iM.ll). lll'lrll stlstai II illg strains Illldff Which 
muscle is ruptured and hone fractured. Sonic tendons arc 
prone l. oHsify, a.s those of tin- 1. -.- uf the turkey, and all 
sesaniuiil hoiio ;u-c ossitleatioiis in tendon, an tin- pati-ll:i of 
the knee. Scecut mulct Achilles tendon. 
sann- aH ti'iiiiun <-/ .ti-hiUi-x. Achilles tendon reaction. 
See reaetiun. Conjoined tendon, tin; united ti-iiiliins of 
the internal ulilii|in- and Iransvt-rsalis muscles at their 
lower fourth, inherted Into the linea allw and peitini.i! 
line of the pnbls. - Cordlform tendon. Hve cvriHfona. -- 
Coronary tendons, the nhmnx rings surroundlnK the 
arterial oritlees of the heart. Fatellar tendon reflex. 
Same as kiter-jerk. - Popliteal tendons. See ptqilitfal. 
Tendon-cell, a conm-rtivr-tisxiie cell found ill tendonit 
and HitamentH, disposed in rows or chains parallel to the 
tliicr-iiiindles.-Tendon-Jerk, tendon-reflex. Same as 
HMMfj i- >iih'it:-li'ni 
(which sue, imdcrifMy- 
utatic). Tendon of 
Achilles (tendo A chil- 
li*), the tendon of the 
heel ; the tendon of 
thegastrocnemiusiind 
sol. -us muscles, u liirli 
connects the lire! with 
the calf of the leg, 
and is the principal 
extensor of the foot. 
It was so named be- 
cause, as fable reports, 
Thetis, the niothei , i 
Achilles, held him hy 
the foot when site .lip 
pe.l him ill the river 
Styx to render him in- 
vulnerable, and so the 
only part about him 
which was vulnerable 
was his heel. The 
tendon of Achilles is that tendon which is cut when a 
quadruped, as u deer, is hamstrung ; but the hamstrings 
of man are at tile hack of the knee-joint, and bend th.- 1. u r 
upon the thigh, while the tendon of Achilles of any animal, 
man included, extends the foot upon the leg. Tendon Of 
Zuin. Same as liyament of Zinn (which see, under liya- 
ment). 
tendotome (ten'do-tom), n. [< NL. tendo, a 
tendon, + Gr. -ro/;'of, < rtfivitv, ra/ieiv, cut.] In 
x n/., a tenotome. 
tendresset, n. [ME. tendrexse, < OF. (also F.) 
teiKlressr (= Pr. tendre:a, tenreza = Sp. tcrneza 
= It. teere::d), < tendre, tender: see tender 1 .] 
Tender feeling; tenderness. [In modern use 
only as French, pron. ton-dres'.] 
tendril (ten'dril), . and a. [Early mod. E. also 
tendrel, tendrell; < OF.'tendrille, F. tcndrille, a 
tendril (cf. OF. tendron, a tendril, shoot: see 
tendron),<. tendre, tender, delicate : see tender 1 .] 
I. H. In hot., a filiform leafless plant-organ that 
attaches itself to another body for the purpose 
of support. Morphologically, a tendril may be a modi- 
fied stem, as in the vine and Virginia creeper ; a modified 
branch, as in the passion-flower ; a petiole, as in Lathi/rus 
Aphaca; a stipule, or, as In Smilax, a pair of stipules ; or 
a leaflet of a compound leaf, as in the pea and vetch. The 
Ankle and foot from behind, the tendon 
of the gastrocnemius, helping to form the 
tendo Achillis, cut away to kliow the ho- 
leus. 
morphology of the tendrils in the Cucurbitaceje is still open 
to question ; by Braun and Wydler they are regarded as 
simple leaves of which the ribs are the branches of the ten- 
dril (a view adopted also by Eichler), but Naudin regards 
the main tendril as cauline and the branches as leaves. 
Tendrils are usually found on those plants which are too 
weak in the stem to enable them to grow erect ; they twist 
themselves, usually in a spiral form, around other plants 
or neighboring IHHUCS, and the plants on which they grow 
are thus enabled to elevate themselves. See cuts under 
cirrus, creeper, Lathynu, passion- flatter, and Smilax. 
Her unadorned golden tresses . . . waved, 
As the vine curls her tendrils. Milton, P. L. , Iv. 307. 
Leaf-tendril, a tendril consisting of a modified leaf or 
part of a leaf in the latter case appearing to be borne on 
the leaf, as in the pea. 
II. a. Climbing as a tendril, or as by a tendril. 
The curling growth 
Of tendril hops, that flaunt upon their poles. 
Dyer, Fleece, I. 
tendril-climber (ten'dril -kli'mer), . In hot. 
See i-limherl.'2. 
tendriled, tendrilled (ten'drild), a. [< tendril + 
-etft.] Having tendrils ; provided with tendrils. 
The delicate-temirtffed plant must have something to 
cling to. George Eliot, Mr. Ollfll, x v 
tendront t ten'dron), H. ' [ME., < OF. ti-ndron, a 
shoot, tendril, also a tender person, P. tendron, 
a shoot, a girl, gristle, < ti'iidrr, tender, delicate : 
see tender!, Ci. ti-mhi/.] A stalk or shoot . 
The tendron and the levcs [of a pear-tree) of thou folde. 
Palladia*, Husbondrie (E. E. T. 3.), p. 88. 
tendryt(ten'dri), . [< kw/<r- + -#3.] Offer; 
proposal; tender. [Rare.] 
This confession, though imperfect, was offered : . . . 
the like was done also in the tendry of their larger cate- 
chism. Hfylin, Hist. Presbyterians, p. 478. (Latham.} 
tendsome (tend'sum), it. [Also li'iisiiiiit 1 : < ti nil- 
+ -,TOIC.] Requiring much attendance: as, a 
ti'iidnomr child. /////<//. [Prov. Eng.] 
0231 
tenet, . iin.l /. Sc in '. 
tenebraeH' n'v-l'i-i". /'/ I !..,'larkm-^. night, 
L'l.i'pin: <!'. ilim.] In tin- Hum. I iltli. I'll., the 
111:1 1 ins :t IK! lauds of the follow ing day, sunf on 
111.- al'lri-i'iiiin or even ing of \Vcilni--.hiy, Tliiir^- 
d;iy, iind r'riduN in Holy \\Y.'k. At tin- liivinnlng 
of the otticc fifteen lighted candles are set on a st.m<l ..i 
the epistle side of th. altai, one of which in extinguished 
after e:i. Ii p.-:tlui (he tilL-h. -t li el el. I eiiiainini; alight. 
ImritiK the Itcnedietus the six altar-lights are extin- 
guished, and the light* throughout the church. At the 
iiuliphuii the light u hieh 1 1 ..I I.e. N left till 1 1 ling is hidden, 
and brought out again at the end of the office. These 
iltes sMnlioli/. rhrlst's passion and death, one light re- 
maining as a reminder of his coming resurrection. In 
the medieval church in Kngland the number of lights on 
the stand was twenty-four. These ceremonies are as old 
as the eighth century. 
For Maundy Thursday, as well as for (Jood Friday and 
Holy Saturday, the matins and lauds, which in thrs>- 
our times, and all through several by-gone ages, have 
been called Tenebrie, were sung by the Anglo Saxons with 
the same accompaniment as ours, of lighted tapers, to be 
put out, one by one, as the psalms went on. 
Hoct, church of our Fathers, III. Ii. 71. 
tenebrae-hearse (ti-u'e-bre-heru), . The tri- 
iMi^'iilar staml holding the candles to bo extin- 
guished one alter each psalm in the office of 
tin- tonebr. Also culled Lenten hearxe. 
tenebrarhun (tcn-e-bra'ri-um), n.; pi. tenebra- 
rin (-ft). [NL., < 'L. tenebra, q. v.] Same as 
Ititihnr-hcarxe. 
tenebricoset (te-nob'ri-kos), a. [=Pg. It. ti-m- 
oricogo, < L. ti-nrhriroxmi, shrouded in (larkne~-. 
gloomy, < tenehrie, darkness: see tencbrx.] Ten- 
ebrous. Knili'ij. 
tenebrific (ten-e-brif'ik), a. [< L. tenebrir, 
darkness, + fueere, make.] Producing dark- 
ness. According to an old fancy, night succeeds to day 
through the influence of tenebrific stars. 
The chief mystics in i lei many, It would appear, are the 
transcendental philosophers, Kant, Fichte, and Schcll- 
Ing! With these Is the chosen seat of mysticism ; these 
are its "teneorifie constellations," from which it doth 
" ray out darkness " over the earth. 
Cartyle, State of (lei-man Lit. 
Now begins 
' ' e tale 
ig and Book, I. 123. 
tenebriflcOUSt (ten-e-brif'i-kus), a. [< tene- 
brijic + -oua.] Tenebrific. 
I could mention several authors who are tenebrifienta 
stars of the first magnitude. Addigon, Spectator, No. 582. 
Tenebrio(te-iieb'ri-6),. [NL. (Linnaeus, 1758), 
< L. tenebrio, one who loves darkness (applied 
to a trickster), < tenebree, darkness, gloom : see 
darkness.'] 1. A ge- 
nus of heteromerous 
beetles, typical of the 
family Tenebrionidte, 
including about 20 
species of black elon- 
gated beetles with 
slender legs. The com- 
mon meal-worm (larva of 
T. nwlitor) belongs to this 
genus, but most of the spe- 
cies live under bark and 
in decayed trunks of old 
trees. '/'. obttcunu, indige- 
nous to America, also llyes 
in farinaceous substances, , , atTa . . pupa ,, ine ^ n ,,. 
and has been called the ural sixe) : c. beetle ; 4 antenna of 
The tenebn'ftc passage of the tale. 
HnncmHfi, Ring 
larva: /'. maxilla; /, l.il.iui.i : . 
tennin.il segment, showing the du.ti 
proleg fully extended. 
American meal-worm to 
distinguish It from the 
European meal-worm, T. 
molitor. Both species, however, are now cosmopolitan. 
See also cuts under fltntr-beetle and meal-beetle. 
2. [I. c.] A species of this genus. 
Tenebrionida (te-neb-ri-ou'i-de), n.pl. [NL. 
(Leach, 1877), < Tfnebrtii(ii-) + -i<l&.] A large 
and wide-spread family 
of heteromerous bee- 
tles, comprising about 
5,000 species, usually 
of obscure color, but 
containing some bright 
tropical forms. They 
have the anteriorcoxal cavi- 
ties closed behind ; the ven- 
tral segments five. In part 
connate; the penultimate 
tarsal joint not spongy, and 
t he tarsal claws simple. The 
classification of the family is 
extremely difficult, and the 
si>ecies vary greatly in form 
and habit. The larvae, how- 
ever, are very uniform In 
structure, and resemble 
those of the family Klatrri- 
dsr. The great majority live 
in decaying vegetation, fun- 
gi, and excrement. Some of 
the largest genera are /.'/./;... 
Zi<I>hi>*ix, flelopg, Stronnyli- 
nm, Pinielia, and Atcida. Eteode* obscura Is a representa- 
tive species. See Tentbria, and also cut under Hlai*. 
tilfodts obsfura, natural silo. 
tenementary 
tenebrioust (te-neli'H-us), n. [Irreg. for tt-nc- 
lil-IIIIK.] Same as I, HI lil'i'll*. 
Were moon and stars for \ilhiins only made, 
Tognnl. \.-t si i>. -n tin-in wit). ,-ht ' 
}'OM/I;/ Night Thoughts, Ix. 
tenebrose (ten'e- lu-osj, ,/. |< L. /(</./ 
dark: see I, i,,liri>ns.} bark; gloomy; ti-m- 
Hint' i/, 17'J7. 
tenebrosity iten-e lu-os'i-ti), n. [< '>!'. 
brottiti, F. ti'-n, l,rii*iti' Sji. ti 111 lirii.tiiliid = Pg. 
ii a, linixiiliiili = It. liinlii;:.-,;iii. < Ml., t, ,t, brnsi- 
IC, darkness, < L. I: .lark: gee 
tenebrous."] The state of being tenebrous or 
dark; darkness; gloominess; gloom. 
The antlent I'octs, in regard of the tenebroatie thereof, 
compare Hell to a terrltorle In Italy ... so liiniiomd 
with hills and mountalnes that the Si e Is neuer teene 
at any time of the yeare to shine amongst them. 
Ueyirood, Hierarchy of Angela, p. 889. 
tenebrOUS (ten'e-hriiH), (I. [>!'. li-mlH-ms. F. 
ii in in i a. r = Pr. 'tenebros= 8p. Pg. It. tenebmsn. 
< L. tenebrosux, dark, gloomy, < tenebree, dark- 
ness: see tenebree.] Dark; gloomy. 
The day at the sixth houre was turned into tenebrous 
nit-lit, insomuch u the Htarres were visibly seene In the 
Firmament. Uiyuxad, Hierarchy of Angels, p. 317. 
Huge hail, and water somhre-hued, and snow 
Athwart the tenebrous air pour down amain. 
Longfellow, it. of Dante's Inferno, vl. 11. 
tenebrousness (ten'e-brus-nes), . The state 
of being tenebrous; darkness; gloom. Bailey, 
tenefult, tenefullyt. Middle English forms of 
tiriifnl. In >i fully. 
tene'lt, . [MS., < AS. tetnel (ML. tenella), a 
basket.] A basket. I'nimjit. I'tirc., p. 489. 
tenement (ten'e-ment), H. [< ME. tenement, < 
OF. tenement, F'. tenement = Pr. tenement, < LL. 
ti'in mentum, a holding, fief, < L. tenere, hold: see 
tenant 1 .] 1. A holding; a parcel of land held 
by an owner. 
After the deth of euerych haldere In ffee sholle the 
baylyues of the Cltee seysy symplelche the tenement of 
weche he deyd y-seysed, for to y-wyte bet who-so Is next 
eyr. English Gads (E. E. T. 8.), p. 862. 
For Herry Halman hath pleycd the false shrowe, and 
fellyd my wood upon a tenement off myn to the valew of 
xx marke. Paston Letters, III. 86. 
The subscriber, having obtained patents for upwards of 
twenty thousand acres of land on the Ohio and Great 
Kaulajwha, . . . proposes to divide the same Into any 
sized li-iii mi nl* that may be described. 
H'nthiiuiiiii,, in Washington's Interest In Western Lands, 
[quoted In Johns Hopkins Univ. Studies, 3d ser. 
2. In lair, any species of permanent property 
that maybe held of a superior, as lands, houses, 
rents, commons, an office, an advowson, a fran- 
chise, a right of common, a peerage, etc. These 
are called free tenements or frank-tencmrnts. 
gif eny tho that nymeth rente of eny tenement In fraun- 
chyse of the Cjtee, and his rente holleche be by-hynde, . . . 
by leue of the baylyues of the town, nyme the dorcs and 
the fenestres. English Gilds (E. E. T. S.), p. 36?. 
The thing holden Is ... styled a tenement, the posses- 
sors thereof tenants, and the manner of their possession a 
tenure. Blaclcstont, Com., II. v. 
3. A dwelling inhabited by a tenant; a dwell- 
ing; an abode; a habitation; a home. 
Such la my home a gloomy tenement, 
More solitary than the peasant's hut 
I pon the barren mountain. 
Hurdis, quoted in Int. to Sir T. Morc's Utopia, p. liv. 
To sage Philosophy next lend thine ear, 
From Heaven descended to the low.roof'd house 
Of Socrates ; see there his tenement. 
Milton, P. R., Iv. 274. 
4. One of a number of apartments or sets of 
apartments in one building, each occupied by 
a separate family, and containing the conve- 
niences of a common dwelling-house. 
The two tenements. It was true, were under the same 
roof; but they were not on that account the same tene- 
ments. D. Webster, Speech In Goodrich Case, April, 1MT. 
Dominant, servient, etc., tenement, see the adjec- 
tives. = Syn. 4. See definitions of flat'* and apartment. 
tenemental (ten-e-men'tal), a. [< tenement + 
-/.] Pertaining to a tenement or to tene- 
ments; pertaining to what may be held by ten- 
ants; capable of being held by tenants Tene- 
mental lands, lands held of a feudal lord by free ten- 
ures. 
The other, or tenemental, lands they distributed among 
their tenants. Blaebtonf, Com., II. vi. 
tenementary (ten-e-men'ta-ri), a. [< ML. tene- 
iiirntnriiix.< LL. t'lii'iiii-iitiiiii, a tenement: see 
tenement.] Capable of being leased ; designed 
for tenancy; held by tenants. 
Such were the Ceorls among the Saxons : but of two 
sorts, one that hired the Lord's (Jutland or Tenementary 
Land . . . like our Farmers. 
Spelman, Feuds and Tenure*, vll 
