test 
t08t ;i (test ). c. [< F. tfstrr = Sp. Pg. te.v/r = 
It. testari; < L. testari, bear witness, testify, < 
ti-xtix. one who attests, a witness: see ti-st'-i. n. \ 
I. trims. In Inn-, to attest and date: as, u writ- 
ing duly ti'sli-d. 
II. iiitrniix. To make a will or testament. 
("Old Kiitf. and Scotch. J 
A wifu has power to test without the consent of her hus- 
band. Bell. 
testa (tes'tii), n.; pi. fi-xttr (-t&). [L.: see test 2 .] 
1. In *oc>7., a test. 2. In hot., the outer integu- 
ment or coat of a seed : it is usually hard and 
brittle, whence the name, which answers to seed- 
ulii'll. See wvW, I. Also test, x/n rinixlirin, and 
i IIJU/H n>i. !1. [I'"/'.] A name of the star Vega. 
testable (tes'ta-bl), a. [< OF. testable = It. 
testabile, < L. testabilis, that has a right to tes- 
tify, < testari, testify: see tests, v .] i. That 
may be tested. 2. In law: (a) Capable of be- 
ing devised or given by will or testament, (ft) 
Capable of witnessing or of being witnessed. 
Testacea (tcs-ta'se-ii), . pi. [NL., neut. pi. 
of L. testaceuy, consisting of tiles, covered with 
a shell: see testaceous.] A group of testaceous 
animals : variously used, (at) The third order of 
l'i r/i' in the Linnean system, Including the testaceous 
mollusks, or shell-fish. (6t) An order of acephalous mol- 
Insks in the Cuvierian system : distinguished from the 
Nuda or ascidlans, which Cuvier treated as mollusks ; the 
bivalves, otherwise called Conchijera. (c) A suborder of 
thecosomatous pteropods, Including all having calcareous 
shells, (d) In Protozoa, lobose amooblform protozoans 
which secrete a testa or shell, through perforations of 
which pseudopodla protrude, .\rrelln and Vij/lugia are 
well-known representative genera. 
testacean (tes-ta'se-an), . and n. [< testace-ons 
+ -.] I. 11. Having a test or shell ; belong- 
ing to any group of animals called Testacea. 
II. . A member of the Testacea,in any sense. 
Testacella (tes-ta-sel'ii), n. [NL. (Lamarck, 
1801), dim. of L. testaceus, consisting of tiles: 
see Testacea.] The typical genus of Testaeel- 
lidse, having the shell very small. 
Testacellidse (tes-ta-sel'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < 
Testacella + -idse.] A family of geophilous pul- 
mouate gastropods, typified 
by the genus Testacelln. They 
are without a jaw, with the radular 
teeth elongated, acuminate, and 
more or less pen-like but curved, 
and with the shell small and Inca- 
pable of inclosing the soft parts. It 
is a small family of chiefly Eurasl- 
atic carnivorous species, which feed 
U]xm worms and slugs. They are sometimes called bur- 
routing sluijs. 
testaceography (tes-ta-se-og'ra-fi), n. [< Tes- 
tacea + Gr. -ypapia, < yptujieiv, write.] The de- 
scription of or a treatise on testaceous animals, 
as mollusks; descriptive testaceology. 
testaceology (tes-ta-se-ol'6-ji), n. [< Testacea 
+ Gr. -Aoyia, < ),eyeiv, speak: see -ology.] The 
science of testaceous mollusks: conchology; 
malacology. 
testaceous (tes-ta'shius), a. [= F. testae^ = 
Sp. Pg. It. tentucco, < L. testaceus, consisting 
of tiles or sherds, having a shell, < testa, tile, 
shell: see tes< 2 .] 1. Of or pertaining to shells, 
or testacean animals, as stiell-fish; testacean. 
2. Consisting of a hard continuous shell or 
shelly substance ; shelly : thus, an oyster-shell 
is testaceous. 3. Having a hard shell, as oys- 
ters, clams, and snails: distinguished from crus- 
taceous, or soft-shelled, as a lobster or crab. 
4. Derived or prepared from shells of mollusks 
or crustaceans: as, a testaceous medicine; a 
pearl is of testaceous origin. 5. In hot. and 
zool., dull-red brick-color; brownish-yellow, or 
orange-yellow with much gray. 
testacy (tes'ta-si), n. [< testa(te) + -jf.] In 
/-. the state of being testate, or of leaving a 
valid testament or will at death. 
testacyet, [< L. testaceus: see testaceous.] 
Testaceous. 
Nowe yote on that scyment clept testacye 
Sex fynger thicke, and yerdes is noo synne 
To all to flappe it with. 
Palladius, Husbondrie (E. E. T. S.), p. 156. 
testae, . Plural of testa. 
testament (tes'ta-ment), w. [< ME. testamrnt. 
< OF. (and F.) (MtoMMl = Pr. testament = Sp. 
Pg. It. ti'stnmrnto = G. Dan. Sw. testament, < L. 
testamentuiH, the publication of a will, a will, 
testament, in LL. one of the divisions of the 
Bible (an incorrect translation, first in Tertnl- 
liiin, of tir. tadfnf, a covenant (applied in this 
sense to the two divisions of the Bible), also, in 
another use, a will, testament), < tivtari, be a 
witness, testify, attest, make a will: see li:<1'->. 
('.] 1. In luir. a will ; a disposition of property 
or rights, to take effect at death. Originally will, 
090] 
InEngllshlaw, signified such adlsposltion of re '. 
testament such a disposition uf personal jiru|MTly. W'ill 
now Includes both, and testament is rarely used in modem 
law, except In the now tautological phrase la* will and 
Ttltacella ntattrti. 
f, mantle ; t, snell. 
"Fare well," quuth the frerc, "for y mot hethen fondcn 
[(CD limn |, 
And nyen to an houswlfe that hath vs hequethen 
Ten pound** in hfr tntttimfitt." 
Pien Plmtman't Crede (E. E. T. 8.), L 410. 
The succession of the crown, it was contended, had been 
limited, by repeated testament* of their princes, to male 
heirs. Preseott, Ferd. and Isa., IL 4. 
2. A disposition of the rights of two parties, 
defining their mutual relation, and the rights 
conceded by one to the other ; a covenant, es- 
pecially between God and his people. Hence 
3. (a) A dispensation : used especially of the 
Mosaic or old dispensation and of the Christian 
or new. (6) [cap.'] A collection of books con- 
taining the history and doctrines of each of 
these dispensations, and known severally as 
the Old Testament and the New Testament. The 
word testament In the authorized version of the Bible al- 
ways represents the Greek word <iagiji> (elsewhere ren- 
dered 'covenant 1 ), which In curly Christian Latin and reg- 
ularly in the Vulgate is rendered 'testaraentum,' perhaps 
from its use In Ileb. Ix. 15-20. In this passage the Idea of 
a covenant as involving In ancient times a sacrifice with 
shedding of blood is blended with that of a last will made 
operative by the death of the testator. In Mat. xxvi. 28 and 
parallel passages the phrase "blood of the new tegtament" 
IsconnectedwIththecupintheLord'sSupper. In2Cor. 111. 
14 the expression "reading of the old testament " shows the 
transition of meaning to our application of the title "// 
Tegtament to the Hebrew Scriptures. (Compare 1 Mac. 1. 
57.) When used alone the word commonly means a copy 
of the New Testament : as, a gift of Bibles and Testaments. 
She having Innocently learn'd the way 
Thro' both the serious Testament* to play. 
./. Ileaumnnt. Psyche, I. 70. 
In its pre-Christian stage the religion of revelation Is 
represented as a covenant between the spiritual God and 
His chosen people the Hebrews. In accordance with this, 
and in allusion to Jer. xxxi. 31, Jesus speaks of the new 
dispensation founded in His death as a new covenant (1 
Cor. xl. 25). Hence, as early as the 2d century of our era, 
the two great divisions of the Bible were known as the 
books of the Old and of the New Covenant respectively. 
Among Latin-speaking Christians the Greek worn for cove- 
nant was often incorrectly rendered testament, and thus 
Western Christendom still uses the names of the Old and 
New Testaments. Encyc. Brit., III. 834. 
Derogatory clause in a testament. See rfotw. In- 
officious testament. See inofficious. Mancipatory 
testament, a kind of testament allowed by the early Ro- 
man law, and continued in use till the middle ages In the 
form of a public and irrevocable conveyance of the testa- 
tor's estates, rights, privileges, and duties : also called the 
testament with copper and scales, from the formality of pro- 
ducing a scale for the uncoined copper money of ancient 
Rome. Maine. Military testament. See military. 
Pretortan testament, a will allowed by the Pretorlan 
edicts, by which legacies could be made, and the transfer 
could be directed to be kept secret till death. Maine. 
testamental (tes-ta-men'tal), a. [< LL. testa- 
mentalis, of or pertaining io a will, < L. testa- 
i>ientni,n will: see testament.} Relating to or of 
the nature of a testament or will: testamentary. 
The testa-mental cup I take, 
And thus remember thee. 
Montgomery, According to thy gracious word. 
testamentarily (tes-ta-men'ta-ri-li), adr. By 
testament or will. 
The children . . . were turned out testamentarily. 
R. D. Btactmare, Cripps the Carrier, L 
testamentary (tes-ta-men'ta-ri), a. [= F. tes- 
tamentaire = Sp. Pg. It. testamentario, < L. tes- 
tamentarius, of or belonging to a will, < testa- 
mentum, a will: see testament.'] 1. Relating or 
pertaining to a will or wills ; also, relating to ad- 
ministration of the estates of deceased persons. 
He is In the mater as souverain juge and ordinarie prln- 
cipalle under the Pope in a cause testamentarie, and also 
by cause the wllle of my said Lord is aproved in his court 
before his predecessour. Paston Letters, I. 373. 
This spiritual jurisdiction of testamentary causes is a 
peculiar constitution of this island ; for in almost all other 
(even In popish) countries all matters testamentary are 
under the jurisdiction of the civil magistrate. 
Blactotone, Com., III. vil. 
2. Given or bequeathed by will. 
How many testamentary charities have been defeated by 
the negligence or fraud of executors ! Bp. Attertntry. 
3. Set forth or contained in a will. 
To see whether the portrait of their ancestor still keeps 
its place upon the wall, in compliance with his testamen- 
tary directions. Hawthorne, Seven Gables, xviii. 
4. Done or appointed by, or founded on, a last 
will or testament: as, testamentary guardians 
(that is, guardians appointed by testament or 
will) Letters testamentary. See letter*. 
testamentate (tes-ta-men'tat), r. i. [< testa- 
n/i at + -<//<-.] To make a will or testament. 
testamentation (tos ta-nieii-ta'shou), . [< 
ti'ntiitiu-iit + -atiiin.] The act or power of giv- 
ing by will. [Rare.] 
tester 
By this law the right of testamentation is uken away, 
which the liifnior n-iiiires had always enjoyed. 
Burke, Tracts on the Popery Laws, II. 
testamentize* iti s'ta-men-tiz), r. i. [< I<.<IH- 
iiinit + -/-<. ] T<> make a will or testament. 
llr[l.eolinr, l>ih|iuf St. Asaph] asked leave of King !''!- 
ward the Kil>t to iimki'u Kill, . . . bMMM Wddl MUOPI 
in that age might not trstamrntiie without royal assent 
l-'nll,f, Worthies, Denbighshire, III 
testamur (tcH-tu'mer), n. [80 called from 
the opening word. I... li-.itimiur, we certify, 1st 
pers. pi. pres. ind. of tt-Kt-m. testify, certify: 
see test*, r.] A certificate given to an Kni;lish 
university student, certifying that he has -n<- 
..ssl'nlly passed certain examination. 
Outside in the quadrangle collect by twos and threes the 
friends of the victims waiting for the re-opening of the 
door, and the distribution of the testamurs. These testa 
murs, lady readers will be pleased to understand, are cer- 
tificates under the hands of the examiners, that your sons, 
brothers, husbands, perhaps, have successfully undergone 
the torture. T. llmjhet, Tom Brown at oxford, II. I. 
Before presenting himself for this Examination, every 
Candidate most show to the Professor of Music either his 
Testamur for Responslons or ... 
Oxford University Calendar, 1890, p. 72. 
testate (tes'tat), a. and . [< L. testatus, pp. 
of testari, bear witness, declare, make a last 
will: see test 3 , r.] I. n. Having made and 
left a valid will or testament. 
Persons dying testate and intestate. Ayli/e, Parcrgou 
II. n. 1. In late, one who has made a will or 
testament ; one who dies leaving a will or tes- 
tament in force. 2f. Witness; testimony. 
But thinkes to violate an oath no sin, 
Though calling testates all the Stygian gods? 
Asywood, Jupiter and lo( Works, ed. Pearson, 1874, VI. 278). 
testation (tes-ta'shon), . [= Sp. testacion = 
It. testazione, < L. testatio(n-), < testari, pp. ten- 
tatus, make a will: see testate.'] 1. A witness- 
ing; a bearing witness; witness. 
How clear a testation have the Inspired prophets of God 
given of old to this truth ! 
Bp. Hall, Satan's Fiery Darts Quenched. 
2. A giving by will. 
In those parts of India In which the collective holding 
of property nas not decayed as much as it has done in Lower 
Bengal, the liberty of testation claimed would clearly be 
foreign to the indigenous system of the country. 
Maine, Village Communities, p. 41. 
testator (tes-ta'tor), n. [=. F. testateur = Sp. 
Pg. testador = It. "testatore, < L. testator, one who 
makes a will, I.I,, also one who bears witness, 
< testari, bear witness, make a will: see testate, 
tesfl.] One who makes a will or testament ; 
one who has made a will or testament and dies 
leaving it in force. 
testatrix (tes-ta'triks), n. [= F. testatrice = 
It. testatrice, < LL. testatrix, fern, of L. testator, 
one who makes a will : see testator.] A woman 
who makes a will or testament; a woman who 
has made a will or testament and dies leaving 
it in force. 
testatum (tes-ta'tum), n. [L., neut. of testa- 
tus, pp. of testari, make a will : see testate.] One 
of the clauses of an English deed, including a 
statement of the consideration money and the 
receipt thereof, and the operative words of 
transfer. Also called the witnessing or opera- 
tive clause. 
test-box (test'boks). w. In teleg., a box contain- 
ing terminals to which telegraph-wires are con- 
nected for convenience of testing. 
teste (tes'te), n. [So called from the first word 
in the clause, "Teste A. B. ..." 'A. B. being 
witness': testt, abl. of testis, a witness: see 
test 3 .'] In law, the witnessing clause of a writ 
or other precept, which expresses the date of 
its issue. Wharton. See irrit. The word is also 
In general use, In connection with the name of a person 
or a treatise, to indicate that such person or treatise is 
the authority for a statement made. 
tester 1 (tes'ter), n. [< test* + -er*.] 1. One 
who tests, tries, assays, or proves. 2. Any in- 
strument or apparatus used in testing: as, a 
steam-gage tester; a vacuum-tester. 
tester 2 (tes'ter), . [Early mod. E. also tester, 
testor; < ME. tester, testcre', teester, a head-piece, 
helmet, tester for a bed, < OF. testiere, a Dead- 
piece, the crown of a hat, etc., F. tfticre = Pr. 
tesliera = Sp. testera = Pg. testeira = It. testitra, 
a head-piece, < L. testa, a shell, ML. the skull, 
head: see tes< 2 .] 1. A canopy. 
He to' Aiure Tetter trimm'd with golden marks, 
And richly spangled with bright glistring sparks. 
Sylvester, tr. of Du Bartas's Weeks, I. 4. 
Specifically (a) The frame which connects the tops of 
the posts in a four-post bedstead, and the material 
stretched upon it, the whole forming a sort of canopy. 
Beddes, testar*. and pillowes besemeth nat the halle. 
Sir T. Elyot, The Uovernour, I. 1. 
