thoroughbred 
In America the name is now loosely given to any animal 
that is of pure blood and recorded pedigree, or is entitled 
to be recorded in a stud-book, herd-book, or flock-register, 
and whose ancestry is known and recorded for five gener- 
ations of dams and six of sires. In the most restricted 
sense a thoroughbred is the English race-horse, with ances- 
try recorded in the stud-book ; a pure-bred is a similarly 
bred animal of another breed, with recorded ancestry in 
herd-books, stud-books, flock-books, or other pedigree- 
records. Sometimes applied colloquially to persons. 
In the [American] " Stud Book," I have laid it down as a 
rule that to pass a thoroughbred [be entitled to registry in 
the Stud Book, if a breeding animal] a horse must have 
at least six pure and known crosses, and for reasons there 
given have admitted mares one degree short of that stan- 
dard [that is, six generations for sires, and five for dams]. 
Wallace, Trotting Kegister, I. 14. 
Horse for horse, a thoroughbred is an animal of more 
6302 
It can hardly be that there ever was such a monster as 
a thorough-paced speculative Atheist in the world. 
Eeelyn, True Religion, I. 89. 
I never knew a thorough-paced female gamester hold 
her beauty two winters together. 
Addison, Guardian, No. 120. 
thorough-pin (thur '6-pin), n. A swelling in 
the hollow of the hock of the horse, appearing 
on both inner and outer aspects, and caused 
by distention of the synovial sheath of the 
flexor perforans tendon playing over the side 
of the joint; also, a similar swelling on the 
posterior aspect of the carpal joint, or so-called 
knee of the fore leg. 
thorough-shot (thur'6-shot), . Same as thor- 
ough-pin. 
Edinburgh Rev., CLXVI. 407. 
thoroughfare (thur'6-far), . [Also through- 
fare (q. v.); formerly sometimes thorough fair, 
thorowfair; < ME. thurghfare, < AS. thurhfarii, 
a thoroughfare, < thtirh, thorough, through, + 
faru, a going : see thorough and fare 1 .] 1 . That 
through which one goes; a place of travel or 
passage. 
This world nis but a thurghfare ful of wo. 
Chaucer, Knight's Tale, 1. 1989. 
The courts are flll'd with a tumultuous din 
Of crowds, or issuing forth, or ent'ring in ; 
A thoroughfare of news. 
Dryden, tr. of Ovid's Metamorph., xiL 79. 
Specifically (at) A place through which much traffic 
passes. 
This [Panama] is a flourishing City by reason it is a thor- 
oughfair for all imported or exported Goods and Treasure 
to and from all parts of Peru and Chili. 
Dampier, Voyages, I. 179. 
Those townes that we call thorowfaires haue great and 
sumptuous innes builded in them. 
Harrison, Descrip. of Eng., ill. 16 (Holinshed's Chron., I.). 
(i>) A road for public use ; a highway ; a public street, 
unobstructed and open at both ends. 
Not willing to be known, 
He left the barren-beaten thoroughfare. 
Tennyson, Lancelot and Elaine. 
(c) A strait of water, or a neck of land connecting two 
bodies of water, habitually traversed by wild fowl in 
migrating or passing to and from their feeding-grounds. 
Sportsman's Gazetteer. 
2. Passage; travel; transit. 
Hell and this world, one realm, one continent 
Of easy thoroughfare. Milton, P. JL, x. 393. 
thoroughfoot (thur'o-fut), n. The disarrange- 
ment in a tackle caused by one or both of the 
blocks having been turned over through the 
parts of the fall. 
thorOUghgatet (thur'o-gat), . [Early mod. E. 
also thorowgate; < thorough + gate'*.] A thor- 
oughfare. 
That corner is no thorow gate. 
Terence in English (1014). (tfares.) 
thorough-girtt, a. [ME. thurgh-girt] Pierced 
through. 
Thurgh-yirt with many a grevous blody wounde. 
Chaucer, Knight's Tale, 1. 152. 
thorough-got (thur'6-go), v. t. [ME. tlmrhgon 
(cf. AS. thurhgangan; = G. dttrchgehen); < thor- 
ough + go] To go through. 
thoroughgoing (thur'o-go"ing), a. [< thorough, 
adv.,+ going. Cf. throughganging] Unquali- 
fied; out-and-out; thorough; 'complete. 
What I mean by " evolutionism " is consistent and thor- 
oughgoing uniformitarianism. 
Huxley, Pop. Sci. Mo., XXXI. 212. 
Admirers of Kant, Hegel, and Schopenhauer are as dif- 
ferent and marked individualities as thorough-going Epis- 
copalians, Methodists, Presbyterians. 
<?. S. Hall, German Culture, p. 300. 
= Syn. See radical. 
thorough-joint (thur'6-joint), n. In anat., a 
perfectly movable joint or articulation of bones ; 
diarthrosis of any kind ; arthrodia. Coucs. 
thorough-lightedt, a. Same as through-lighted. 
thoroughly (thur'o-li), adv. [< thorough + -lift. 
Cf. throughly] In a thorough manner; unquali- 
fiedly; fully; completely. 
thoroughness (thur'6-nes), n. [< thorough + 
-ness.] The condition or character of being 
thorough; completeness; perfectness. 
thoroughoutt, prep, and adv. [< ME. thorghe- 
plished; thorough-paced. 
Our thorough-sped republic of Whigs. Swift. 
thorough-stem (thur'6-stem), . Same as 
thorougltwort. 
thorough-stitcht, adv. Same as through-stitch. 
thorough-Stonet (thur'6-ston), n. Same as 
through-stone. 
thoroughwax (thur'o-waks), n. [Also thorow- 
wax and throw-wax; ^ thorough, through, + wax, 
grow, the stem appearing to grow through the 
leaf.] A plant, Bupleurum rotundifolium : same 
as hare's-ear, 1. 
thoroughwort (thur'6-wert), n. A composite 
plant, Eupatorium perfoliatum, common in east- 
ern North America. It has a stout hairy stem, 2 to 4 
feet high, with opposite leaves united at the base (con- 
Upper Part of the Stem with the Inflorescence of Thoroujfhwort 
{Eitpatorinm ferfoltatum }. 
it, a mature head ; b, achene with pappus. 
nate-perfoliate), the stem thus passing through the blade 
(whence the name). The flowers are white, many in a head, 
the heads in a large compound corymb. The leaves and 
tops form an officinal as well as domestic drug of tonic 
and diaphoretic properties, in large doses emetic and 
aperient. The name is extended to other species of the 
genus. Also boneset and Indian sage. 
thorowt, prep., adv., and a. An obsolete spell- 
ing of thorough. 
thorow-leaf (thur'6-lef), n. Same as thorough- 
wax. 
thorow-wax (thur'6-waks), n. Same as thor- 
oughwax. 
thorp (thdrp), n. [Early mod. E. also thorpe; 
< ME. thorp, throp, < AS. thorp (used esp. in 
names of places) = OS. OFries. thorp = D. 
MLG. dorp, a village, = OHG. MHG. G. dorf 
= Icel. thorp, a village, rarely farm, = Sw. torn, 
a farm, cottage, = Dan. torp, a hamlet, = Goth. 
thaiirp, a field. Connections uncertain ; cf. G. 
dial. (Swiss) dorf, visit, meeting. Cf. W. tref, 
village, = Olr. treb, settlement, tribe, village, 
connected with L. tribus, tribe : see tribe. On 
the other hand, cf. Icel. thyrpast, refl., press, 
throng, < thorp, a village, with Gr. rvpftri, L. turba, 
crowd, throng; AS. threp, throp, village; Lith. 
troba, building.] A group of houses standing 
together in the country; a hamlet; a village: 
used - l --'- a -- -- --- - ' 
thou 
Or else to call in from the fields and waters, shops and 
work-housen, from the inbred stock of more homely 
women and less filching thorps-men. 
Fairfax, Bulk and Selvedge (1674). (Halliwell.) 
thorter-ill (thor'ter-il), n. Same as Joupinri-UL 
[Scotch.] 
Thos (thos), n. See Thous. 
those (THOZ), a. and pron. [PI. of that; ety- 
mologically the same as these, q. v.] See this 
and that. 
thosset (thos), n. An unidentified fish. 
The merchants of Constantinople . . . send their barkes 
vnto the riuer of Tanais to buy dried fishes, Sturgeons, 
Thosses, Barbils, and an infinite number of other fishes. 
HaMuyt's Voyages, I. 93. 
Thoth (tot or thoth), 11. [< Gr. Bud, Quifl, QM, < 
Egypt. Tehut] An Egyptian divinity whom 
the Greeks assim- 
ilated to their 
Hermes (Mer- 
cury). He was the 
god of speech and 
hieroglyphics or let- 
ters, and of the reck- 
oning of time, and the 
source of wisdom. He 
is represented as a hu- 
man figure, usually 
with the head of an 
ibis, and frequently 
with the moon-disk 
and -crescent. Also 
Tat. 
thothert. An ob- 
solete contraction 
of the other. 
thou (THOU), pron. 
[< ME. thou, thow, 
thu (in enclitic 
use attached to 
a preceding aux- 
iliary, tou, tow 
artow, art thou, 
hastou, hast thou, 
etc.), < AS. thU Ibis-headed Thoth, wearing the moon- 
(gen. thin, dat, the, f.'p^rStien^r chai "P m "' s 
ace. the, fllder and 
poet, thee, instr. the; pi. nom. ge (ye), gen. eower 
(your), dat. edw (you), ace. e6w, poet, edwic (you); 
dual. nom. git, gen. incer, dat. inc, ace. inc, incit) 
= OS. thu = OFries. thu = MD. du (mod. D. uses 
the pi. gij, = E. ye, for sing.) = MLG. LG. du = 
OHG. MHG. du, du, G. du = Icel. thu = Sw. Dan. 
du = Goth, thu = W. ti = Gael. Ir. tu = OBulg. ti 
= Buss, tui, etc., = L. tu = Gr. ai<, Dorjc TV = 
Skt. team, thou, orig."tra, one of the orig. Indo- 
Eur. personal pronouns (cf. /, he, the*, that, etc.). 
Hence thine, thy] A personal pronoun of the 
second person, in the singular number, nomina- 
tive case, the possessive case being thy or thine, 
and the objective thee: plural, ye or you, your, 
you. See thine and you. 
Wel sone, bute thu flitte, 
With swerde ihc the anhitte. 
King Horn (E. E. T. S.), p. 21. 
Thi aoule with synne is goostly slayn, 
And thou withoute sorewe thi synne tellis. 
Political Poems, etc. (ed. Furnivall), p. 199. 
Thou 'rt fallen again to thy dissembling trade. 
Beau, and Fl., Philaster, iv. 2. 
" what dost thee want of me, wild boar," said he 
Jovial Hunter of Bromsgrove (Child's Ballads, VIII. 146). 
I beg thee by the Filial Love 
Due to thy Father. Congrece, Hymn to Venus. 
O thou 1 bold leader of the Trojan bands, 
And you, confed'rate chiefs from foreign lands ! 
Pope, Iliad, xii. 69. 
In ordinary English use the place of thou has been taken 
by you, which is properly plural, and takes a plural verb. 
Thou is now little used except archaically, in poetry, pro- 
vincially, in addressing the Deity, and by the Friends, 
who usually say not thou but thee, putting a verb in the 
third person singular with it : as, thee is or is thee? 
thou that nearest prayer, unto thee shall all flesh come. 
Ps. Ixv. 2. 
The priest asked me, " Why we said Thou and Thee to 
people ? for he counted us but fools and idiots for speak- 
ing so." I asked him "Whether those that translated the 
scriptures, and made the grammar and accidence, were 
fools and idiots, seeing they translated the scriptures so, 
and made the grammar so, Thou to one, and Ymi to more 
than one, and left it so tons?" George Fox, Journal, 1665. 
And if thou marries a good un I'll leave the land to thee. 
Tennyson, Northern Farmer, X. S. 
The cok that orloge is of thorpes lyte. 
Chaucer, Parliament of Fowls, 1. 350. 
And thorghe out many othere lies, that ben abouten Inde 
Mandeville, Travels, p. 4. vmmctrr, parliament 01 fowls, 1. 350. 
thorough-paced (thur'6-past), a. Literally Der- , Son l e J the Yorkshire thorpes are still simply isolated 
fectly trained to go through all the pcSfble h!BS^S h ' not ' as in most cases - rown "" 
PaCe !l a , S f Wel !- traine 1 d h rse ; hence, perfect Isaac Taylor, N. and Q., 6th ser., XI. 437 
lengths; thoroughgoing; thorpsman (thorns'man), 
(-men). A villager. 
(a) equality, familiarity, or intimacy; (6) superiority on 
the part of the speaker ; (c) contempt or scorn for the per- 
son addressed (see thou, v.). 
I will begin at thy heel, and tell what thou art by inches, 
thou thing of no bowels, thou! Shale., T. and C., ii. 1. 54. 
thou (THOU), r. [< ME. thou-en (= Icei. thua = 
Sw. dua = ML. futtt'c; t-f. F. tntiti/cr) 1 , < thou, 
l-nii. Cf. thoiit] I. trans. To address as 
"thou": implying (except when referring to 
