thwart 
Now ( 'jtp'n ( 'yrus is the luckiest seaman that ever sat 
on a thwart. He never had nothin' happen to him. 
F. It. Stockton, Merry Chanter, iii. 
After-thwart, the thwart furthest aft in a whale-boat, 
occupied by the after-oarsman. Also called stroke-thwart. 
Bow-thwart, the second thwart in a whale-boat, oc- 
cupied by the bow-oarsman. 
thwartedly (thwar'ted-li), adr. Athwart; ob- 
liquely. [Bare.] 
We do not live in the inside of a pearl ; but in an at- 
mosphere through which a burning sun shines thwartedly, 
and over which a sorrowful night must far prevail. 
Jivskin, Lectures on Art, 176. 
thwarter (thwar'ter), n. [< thwart^ + -e-l.] 
One who or that which thwarts or crosses. 
thwarter-ill (thwar'ter-il), n. Same as loup- 
ing-ill. 
thwart-hawse (thwart'haz), adv. Naut., across 
the hawse. 
thwarting (thwar'ting), n. [Verbal n. of 
thwart^, V.] Opposing act or action; what- 
ever frustrates or baffles or tends to defeat 
one's purposes, wishes, designs, etc. 
The woman is of such disposition that in the ende of 
thirtie yeeres marriage there shal euery day be found 
thwartinge in her condition, and alteration in her conuer- 
satiou Guevara, Letters (tr. by Hellowes, 1577), p. 306. 
The thwartings of your dispositions. 
Shak., Cor., iii. 2. 21. 
thwarting (thwar'ting), p. a. [Ppr. of thwart 1 .] 
Perverse; contrary. 
Such shields tooke the name Clypei, i. chased and en- 
graven, not in the old word in Latine Cluere, which signi- 
fleth to fight, or to bee well reputed, as our thwarting 
grammarians would with their subtile sophistrie seeme 
to etymologize and derive it. 
Holland, tr. of Pliny, xxxv. 3. 
Ignorance makes them churlish, thwarting, and muti- 
nous. Bacon, Advancement of Learning, i. 
thwartingly (thwar'ting-li), adv. Perversely; 
in an opposing or baffling manner. 
It is wittingly observed that the over-precise are so 
thwartingly cross to the superstitious in all things that 
they will scarce do a good work because a heretic doth 
it. Rev. T. Adam*, Works, II. 407. 
thwartly (thwart'li), adv. [< thwarfl + -ly^.] 
In a contrary manner; with opposition; per- 
versely. 
Sith man then in judgeinge so thwartly is bente 
To satiKlic fansie, and not true intente. 
W. Kethe (1554). (Davies.) 
thwartness (thwart ' nes), n. [< thwart*- + 
-Hess.] The state or quality of being contrary; 
uutowardness ; perverseness. 
Can any man . . . defend it lawfull, upon some unkind 
usages, or thwartness of disposition, for a parent to aban- 
don and forsake his child, or the son to cast off his 
parent? Up. Hall, Cases of Conscience, iv. 2. 
thwartovert, a. [< ME. thwert over; < thwart^ 
+ over.] Contrary; baffling. 
And for flfteene long dayes and nights the thwartover and 
crosse north easterly winde blew us nothing but lengthen- 
ing of our sorrowes. John Taylor, Works (1630). (Naret.) 
thwartship (thwart'ship), a. [< thwart 1 , prep., 
+ ship.] Naut., lying across the vessel. 
thwartships (thwart'ships), adv. [< thwartl, 
prep., 1, + ship + adv. gen. -s.] Naut., across 
the ship from side to side : opposed to fore and 
aft. 
thwitet, r. t. [< ME. thwiten, thwyten, < AS. 
thwitan, cut. Hence the var. white 1 *, and ult. 
the deriv. ihwittle, var. whittle, and thwaitel.] 
To cut ; whittle. [Obsolete or prov. Eng.] 
Twigges fallow, rede, 
And grene eek, and som weren whyte, 
Swiche as men to these cages thwyte t 
Or maken of these paniers. 
Chaucer, House of Fame, 1. 1938. 
It [the bow] was peynted wel and thmtten [var. twhitten, 
twythen]. Rom. of the Rose, 1. 938. 
thwittlet, [< ME. thwitel, a knife, < thwiten, 
cut: see thivite.] A whittle; a knife. 
A Sheffeld thwttel baar he in his hose. 
Chaucer, Reeve's Tale, 1. 13. 
thwittlet, '. t. [< thwittle, n., or freq. of 
thwite.] To whittle. 
thworl (therl or thwdrl), n. A variant of whorl. 
thy (THI), pron. [< ME. thy, thi, a shortened 
form of thin, < AS. thin : see thine. The -n was 
dropped as being appar. a mere inflectional 
ending. Cf. my.] Of or pertaining to thee: 
possessive of the pronoun thou, second person 
singular. It is used in solemn and grave style. 
See thine. 
For beetinge was thi bodi blewe. 
Hymns to Virgin, etc. (E. E. T. S.), p. 13 
Good thy judgement, wench ; 
Thy bright elections cleere. 
Marston, Antonio and Mellida, I., i. 1. 
These are thy glorious works, Parent of good. 
Milton, P. L., v. 158. 
6324 
thydert, ndr. A Middle English form of thither. 
thyine (thl'in), a. [< Gr. Oh'ivor, < Bvivoc,, per- 
taining to the tree called ffi'ia or 6da : see 
Thuya.'] Noting a precious wood, in Rev. xviii. 
12. The wood is supposed to be that of Catti- 
tris quadrivalvis. See Callitris. 
thylacine (thil'a-sin), n. [< NL. Thylacinus, 
q. v.] The native wild " dog," "wolf," "tiger," 
or "hyena" of Tasmania, Thylacinus cynocepha- 
liis, the largest living carnivorous marsupial. 
Thylacine Pasyure, or Zebra-wolf (Thylacinus cynoctphalits't. 
It is of a grayish-brown color, banded transversely with 
black on the back and hips, whence it is also called zebra- 
wolf. The same, or a closely related animal, formerly in- 
habited also Australia, but is now extinct. Also used at- 
tributively. 
Thylacinus (thl-las'i-nus), n. [NL. (Tem- 
mmck), < Gr. dvhai- (OvAatc-), a pouch, + KVUV 
(K.VV-), a dog.] A genus of carnivorous marsu- 
pial mammals, containing the thylacine dasy- 
ure, T. cynocephalMS, of the family Dasywidx 
and subfamily Dasyurinse. The teeth are 46 ; the 
vertebra are C. 7, D. 13, L. 6, S. 2, Cd. 23 ; there are no ossi- 
fied marsupial bones, nor is there any hallux ; the general 
form is that of a dog or wolf. See thylacine (with cut). 
Thylacoleo (thil-a-ko'le-6), n. [NL., < Gr. 0t>- 
Aaf (8vMm-), a pouch, + /Uwi>, a lion.] A ge- 
nus of large extinct diprotodont marsupials, 
having few functional teeth. There is one species, 
T. camtfex, originally considered carnivorous, but hav- 
ing affinities with the herbivorous kangaroos and phalan- 
gers. 
Thymallus (thi-mal'us), n. [NL. (Cuvier, 1829), 
< Gr. Bifta^iof, some unknown fish.] In iehtti., 
a genus of salmonoid fishes ; the graylings. They 
are not anadromous, have moderate scales, the tongue 
toothless, and the dorsal fin long and very high, of about 
twenty rays. They are beautiful game-fishes, of northern 
regions. The American grayling is T. siynijer. See cut 
under grayling. 
thyme (tim), n. [Early mod. E. also thime, 
time (the spelling with th being in artificial 
imitation of the L.); < ME. time, tyme, < OF. 
thym, F. thym = Pr. thimi = It. timo, < L. thy- 
mum, ML. also thimus, timus, < Gr. 6v/jov, also 
0ty/of, neut., thyme; prob. connected with Ovof, 
incense, < "6'ueiv, smell : see </ws 2 .] A plant of 
the genus Thymits. The common garden thyme is T. 
vulgaris, a native of southern Europe. It is a bushy under- 
shrub from 6 to 10 inches high, with many stems, which 
are erect or decumbent at the base, and bear very small 
ovate leaves. It is of a pungent, aromatic property, and 
is largely cultivated as a seasoning for soups, sauces, etc. 
From it also is distilled, especially in France, where the 
plant abounds, the oil of thyme, which is considerably used 
in veterinary practice and in perfumery, and in the latter 
use often passes as oil of origanum. The wild or creep- 
ing thyine, or mother-of -thyme, is T. Serpyllum, a less erect 
plant forming broad dense tufts, having properties similar 
thymiaterion 
to those of T. vulgaris, but less cultivated for culinary use. 
It also yields an oil, from one of the names of the plant 
sometimes called serpolet-uil. (See serpnlet.) The lemon 
or lemon-scented thyme, sometimes named T. citrwdoruf, 
is regarded as a vaiiety of this plant. Both species, espe- 
cially variegated varieties of the latter, are desirable bor- 
der or rockwork plants. 
I know a bank where the wild thyme grows. 
Shale., M. N. D., ii. 1. 249. 
Hut, if a pinching winter thou foresee, 
And would'st preserve thy famished family, 
With fragrant thyme the city fumigate. 
Dryden, tr. of Virgil's Ceorgics, iv. 350. 
Basil thyme, Calamintha Acinos (see basil-thyme); ap- 
plied also to C. Nepeta and perhaps some other species. 
Cat-thyme, (a) See Teucrium. (&) Same as herb mastic 
(which see, under herb). Horse-thyme, Calamintha 
Clinopodium; sometimes, also, the common wild thyme. 
[Prov. Eng.] Oil of thyme. See oil. Shepherd's 
thyme, the wild thyme. [Prov. Eng.] Virginian 
thyme. See Pycnanthewum. Water-thyme, a fresh- 
water plant, Elodea (Anacharis) Alsinastrum, of the Sy- 
drocharidefe : applied by Izaak Walton to some plant not 
determined. The members of this genus did not grow in 
England in his time. Britten and Holland. 
Thymelsea (thim-e-le'a), . [NL. (Endlicher, 
1844; earlier. Tournefort, 1700, applied to the 
genus now called Daphne), < L. thymelsea, < 
Gr. (fyut/tam, a plant, Daphne Gnidium, < 6v/joc, 
thyme, + ffala, olive-tree.] A genus of apeta- 
lous plants, type of the order Thywelseacese and 
of the tribe Euthymelseeai. It is characterized by 
bisexual unappendaged flowers with a spreading border, 
usually persistent around the dry membranous one-celled 
pericarp. There are about 20 species, natives of the Medi- 
terranean region from the Canary Islands to Persia, with 
a few of wider range in Europe and middle Asia. They are 
perennial herbs, or rarely small shrubs with scattered 
leaves, generally small and narrow, and small sessile flow- 
ers, solitary or clustered in the axils. T. tinctoria, of the 
south of Europe, yields a yellow dye. See herb terrible, 
under herb. 
Thymelaeacese (thim // e-le-a'se-e), n. pi. [NL. 
(Meisner, 1856), < Thymeleea +' -acese.] An or- 
der of apetalous plants, of the series Daphnales, 
characterized by its perianth of four or five im- 
bricated lobes in a single series, and by the 
superior radicle. It includes about 400 species, be- 
longing to 38 genera classed in 3 tribes, of which Thyme- 
Ifea, Phaleria, and AquUaria are the types. They are 
usually trees or shrubs, with a tough filamentous or net- 
ted bark. They bear entire leaves, usually numerous, 
small, and with a single vein. The flowers are commonly 
capitate and somewhat involucrate, and are followed by 
an indehiscent fruit, a nutlet, berry, or drupe, or, in the 
Aquilariese, a loculicidal capsule. They are natives of 
temperate climates, especially of South Africa, the Medi- 
terranean region, and Australia, fewer in America, and rare 
in the tropics. Among the important genera are Daphne, 
Pimelea, Paaserina, Stellera, and Direa, the leatherwood, 
the last-named being the only genus in the United States. 
thymele (thim'e-le), n. [< L. thymela, thymele. 
< Gr. fhfieA!/, the altar of Dionysus in the or- 
chestra of a Greek theater, lit. 'a place for 
sacrifice,' < Oi>eu>, sacrifice.] 1 . In Gr. antiq. , an 
altar; particularly, the small altar of Diony- 
sus which occupied the central point of the 
a, V 5 
Wild Thyme (T/tjmus Scrpy 
", the corolla ; b, the calyx ; t, a 
Thyniele. Orchestra of the Theater at Epidaurus, Greece, showing 
the ancient Hellenic circle floored with beaten cinders (Kovirrrpa) for 
the chorus. The site of the thymele is marked by the block of white 
stone in the middle. 
orchestra of the Greek theater, and was a visi- 
ble token of the religious character of the dra- 
matic representations. 2. [cap.] [NL. (Fabri- 
cius, 1808).] In entom., a genus of hesperian 
butterflies, or skippers. T. alveolus is the 
grizzled skipper, a British species. 
thymelici (thi-mel'i-sl), n.pl. [L., pi. of thyme- 
Hews, < Gr. (fyuc/lfKof, belonging to the thymele : 
see thymele.] In the one. Gr. drama, the cho- 
rus: so called because their evolutions took 
place around the thymele. 
thymiatechny (thim'i-a-tek-ni), H. [Irreg. < 
Gr. Ovfiia/ta, Ionic fouSrifia, that which is burned 
as incense (< ffvfi/av, burn as incense : see fhi/nii- 
aterion), + Te%vr/, art, skill.] The art of em- 
ploying perfumes in medicine. Dtinglisoii. 
thyiniaterion (thim*i-a-te'ri-on), -it. ; pi. t/ii/mi- 
<iteri<( <-'A^. [< Gr. Ou/uar^ptov, a censer, < dvfudv, 
burn as incense, < ffvfia, a sacrifice, < tf'fttv , sac- 
rifice.] A censer, especially one of ancient 
Greek origin, or one used in the Greek Church. 
