tissue 
2f. A ribbon, or a woven ligament of some kind. 
His helme to-hewcn was in twenty places 
That by a lyescw henge his bak byhynde. 
Chmmr, Troilus, 11. 639. 
3. In biol., an aggregate of similar cells and 
cell-products in a definite fabric ; a histological 
texture of any metazoic animal : as, muscular, 
nervous, cellular, fibrous, connective, or epi- 
thelial tissue; parenchymatous tissue. All parts 
of such organisms are composed of tissues, and the tissues 
themselves consist either of cells or of cell-products of 
which delicate fibers are the most frequent form. Any 
tissue is an organ, but tissue specially notes the substance 
of any organ, or the mode of coherence of its ultimate 
formative constituents, rather than its formation in gross, 
and requires a qualifying word for its specification. 
4. Specifically, in bot., the cellular fabnc out 
of which plant-structures are built up, being 
composed of united cells that have had a com- 
mon origin and have obeyed a common law of 
growth. The tissue-elements are the cells in their vari- 
ous modifications, and, although seemingly diverse as to 
Tissue. 
Parenchyma. a, transverse section of the bark in the stem of 
Datura Tatitla ; b, longitudinal section of the same ; c, transverse 
section of the pith in the stem of the same plant; rf, longitudinal sec- 
tion of the same; e, the collenchymatous tissue in the stem of the same 
plant, transverse section (C, collenchyma ; E t epidermis). 
Prosenchyma.f, transverse section of the intrafascicnlar'cambium 
in the stem of the same plant ; s; longitudinal section of the same ; 
h, the ends of two sclerenchymatous cells from the stem of Cardamitie 
rhomboidea ; i, transverse section of the stem of the same plant (5, 
sclerenchyma ; B, bark ; , epidermis) ; >t, transverse section of leaf 
of Saxifraga hierafifotia (E. epidermis ; PI, palisade-cells ; PH. 
pneumatic tissue). 
form, size, and function, may be reduced to two principal 
types : namely, parenchyma in its widest sense, including 
parenchyma proper, collenchyma, sclerotic parenchyma, 
epidermal cells, suberous parenchyma, etc., and prosen- 
chyma in its widest sense, including prosenchyma proper, 
typical wood-cells, tracheids, ducts, bast-cells, sieve-cells, 
etc. See parenchyma and prosenchyma. 
5. Figuratively, an interwoven or intercon- 
nected series or sequence; an intimate con- 
junction, coordination, or concatenation. 
We shall perceive . . . [history] to be a tissue of crimes, 
follies, and misfortunes. 
Goldsmith, Citizen of the World, xlii. 
It is not easy to reconcile this monstrous tissue of incon- 
gruity and dissimulation with any motives of necessity or 
expediency. Prescott, Ferd. and Isa., ii. 17. 
6. Same as tissue-paper. See paper. 7. In 
pliotog., a film or very thin plate of gelatin 
compounded with a pigment, made on a con- 
tinuous strip of paper, and used, after bichro- 
mate sensitization, for carbon-printing. 
The tissue is prepared in three varieties of colour, . . . 
Indian ink, sepia, and photographic purple. 
Workshop Receipts, 1st ser., p. 273. 
8. In entom., the geometrid moth Scotosia du- 
bitata: an English collectors' name. Acciden- 
tal tissue, any tissue that grows in or upon a part to 
which it is foreign. It may be similar to a tissue normally 
found elsewhere in the body (analogous), or unlike any 
of the normal tissues of the organism (heterologous). A 
bony tumor growing in muscle is an example of analogous 
accidental tissue; cancer, of heterologous. Adenoid, 
adipose, aqueous, areolar, basement, cartilaginous, 
cavernous, chordal, cicatricial tissue. See the quali- 
fying words. Adventitious tissue. Same as accidental 
(MS. Cellular tissue, (a) In hot., parenchyma. See 
def, 4 and cellular. (&) In zool., areolar tissue. See def . 3. 
Cloth of tissue*. See doth. Conducting tissue, in 
bot., loose cellular tissue forming the body of the stigma 
and tilling or lining the axis of the style, through which 
the pollen-tubes make their way to the cavity of the ovary. 
Also conductive tissue. Connective tissue. See connec- 
tive. Cribriform tissue, (a) In bot., cribrose cells, or 
sieve-cells, taken collectively ; sieve-tissue. See sieve-cell, 
(b) In zool., areolar tissue. Dartoid, elastic, epidermal, 
erectile tissue. See the adjectives. Fatty tissue. 
Same as adipose tissue. Felted, nbrilliform, fibrous, 
filamentous, gelatigenous, gelatinous tissue. See 
the adjectives. Fundamental tissue. See fundamen- 
tal cells, under fundamental. Glandular woody tissue. 
See ylandular. Granulation tissue. See granulation. 
Healing tissue, in bot., a general name for the cellular 
matter produced for the repair of Injury in plants. Where 
any part of a plant has suffered serious mechanical injury 
by which the deeper tissues are exposed, the surface of 
the wound exhales moisture very rapidly, and soon be- 
comes dry. This drying of the exposed tissues is fatal to 
6354 
their component cells, and the organic contents soon 
undergo chemical decomposition. This decomposition 
would very soon extend to neighboring cells were it not 
arrested by the tissues for repair. The principal healing 
tissue is cork. The soft tissues just below the wound im- 
mediately become merismatic and behave precisely like 
normal cork-meristem, covering the entire wound with a 
grayish or brownish film, which is in unbroken connection 
with the edges of the wound. Another form of repair is 
by callus, in which some of the cells at the exposed sur- 
face give rise to elongated sac-like bodies, which fill up 
the greater part of the injured cavity, and serve as a new 
epidermis. Goodale, Phys. Bot.- Indifferent tissues. 
See indifferent cells, under cell. Interstitial, larda- 
ceous, laticiferous, leprous, lymphoid, muscular, 
osteogenic tissue. See the adjectives. Laminated 
tissue, cellular tissue. Osteoid tissue, a tissue, formed 
of cells with large nuclei, lying in angular cavities of a 
faintly striated cartilage-like intercellular substance. It 
arises from lymphoid medullary cells, or from the peri- 
osteum, and it becomes converted into bone by impregna- 
tion with lime-salts, together with slight morphological 
modifications. Reticular tissue. Same as adenoid (is- 
sue. Retiform connective tissue. Same as adenoid 
(issue. Sclerous tissue, a collective term embracing the 
cartilaginous, fibrous, and osseous tissues. Sieve-tis- 
sue. See cribriform tissue, above. Splenic tissue. Same 
as fplecn-jmlp. Sporogenous, sustentacular, trache- 
ary, etc., tissue. See the adjectives. Vegetable tis- 
sue. See def. 4. 
II. o. Made of tissue. 
Her head was decked with a gypsy hat, from which 
floated a blue tissue veil. Harper'sMag., LXXVIII. 440. 
tissue (tish'8), v. t.; pret. and pp. tissued, ppr. 
tissuing, [(tissue, .] 1. To weave with threads 
of silver or gold, as in the manufacture of tissue. 
The chariot was covered with cloth of gold tissued upon 
blue. Bacon, New Atlantis. 
2. To clothe in or adorn with tissue. 
Crested knights and tissued dames 
Assembled at the glorious call. Wharton. 
tissued (tish'od), p. a. [< tissue + -ed?.] Varie- 
gated in color; rich and silvery as if made of 
tissue. 
With radiant feet the tissued clouds down steering. 
Milton, Nativity, 1. 146. 
tissue-paper (tish'6-pa"per), n. [So called as 
being used to place between the folds of the 
fine silk fabric called tissue; < tissue, \, + pa- 
per.] Sespaper. 
tissue-secretion (tish'o-se-kre*shpn), n. In 
Actinozoa, the sclerenchyma of sclerodermic 
corals, secreted by the polyps themselves and 
not by the coenosarc : opposed to foot-secretion. 
tit 1 (tit), w. [Also tet; < (a) ME. tit, titte, tette, < 
AS. tit (titt-) = MD. titte = MLG. LG. titte = 
MHG. G. zitze (cf . Sw. tisse, < G. ?) ; mixed in E. 
with (b) E. teat, < ME. tete, < OF. tete, tette, F. 
tette (tdso teton, tettin) = Sp. Pg. tetta = It. tetta 
(also zitta, cizza, sezzolo), teat (cf . P. teter = Sp. 
tetar = It. tettare, suckle) ; root unknown, (c) 
Cf. OHG. tutta, tuta, tutto, tuto, MHG. tutte, tute, 
dim. tiitcl, teat; Icel. tata, teat; W. didi, did, 
teat; Gr. Tird6f, TirOr/, teat. The relations of 
these last forms are uncertain.] A teat. See 
teat. 
tit 2 (tit), n. [< ME. "tit (found only in comp. : 
see titmouse), < Icel. tittr, a little bird, = Norw. 
tita, a little bird (cf. Icel. titlingr, > E. titling) ; 
perhaps connected with tifi, ' a small thing.' 
The word appears also in titlark, titling*, tit- 
mouse, and terminally in tomtit, bottle-tit, coal- 
tit, thrush-tit, wren-tit, and other names.] One 
of several small birds. Specifically (a) A titling or 
pipit. See titlark, (b) A tomtit or titmouse, (c) With a 
qualifying word, or in composition, one of many different 
birds which resemble or suggest titmice, especially of In- 
dia and the East Indies. See phrases and words following. 
Azure tit or titmouse, Parus (Cyaneetes) cyamu, in 
part blue, and widely distributed in the northern Palearc- 
tic region. Pennant, 1785 ; Latham, 1787. Bearded tit. 
See bearded. Cape tit, a penduline titmouse of South 
Africa, jEgithalus pendulimts. Gold tit, an American 
titmouse, Auriparus flamceps, of Texas to California and 
southward, 4 inches long, ashy and whitish with the whole 
head golden-yellow. See titmouse. Ground tit. See 
wren-tit. Hill tit, one of numerous and various small 
oscine birds of the hill-countries of India: very looselv 
Titan 
used. See hill-lit, Liatrichidx, and Sira, 2. All these birds 
are now usually thrown into the non-committal family 
Timeliidfe. In illustration of the group may be noted the 
members of the genus Minla, as Jlf. (formerly Liothrix) 
igneotincta, of the Himalayan region and southward, and 
Hill tit (Minla 
Hill tit (Liathrtx tutenl. 
of Liothrix proper, as L. lutea. See also tit-babbler (with 
cut), Hudsonian or Hudson's Bay tit, Parus huasoni- 
cu, of New England and northward, resembling a chick- 
adee, but marked with brown. Long- tailed tit. See 
titmouse (with cut). Penduline tit, any titmouse of the 
genus JRgithalus, with six or eight wide-ranging species 
in Europe and Africa, as -J5. pendulimts. Siberian tit, 
Parus cinctus. Toupet tit. See tmipet, 2. Tufted tit, 
a United States crested titmouse, Parus (Lophophanes) In- 
color; the peto. See cut under titmouse. (Hee also bottle- 
tit, bush-tit, coal-tit, thrush-tit, wren-tit.) 
tit 3 (tit), n. [Early mod. E. also titt; appar. 
orig. 'something small.' Cf. tift, titty*. Cf. 
also to* 1 .] 1. A small or poor horse. 
The nag or the hackeneie is verie good for trauelling. 
. . . And if he be broken accordinglie, you shall haue a 
little lit that will trauell a whole daie without anie bait. 
Stanihurst, Descrip. of Ireland, ii. (Holinshed's Chron., I.). 
The Modern Poets seem to use Smut a8 the Old Ones 
did Machines, to relieve a fainting Invention. When 
Pegasus is jaded, and would stand still, he is apt, like 
other Tits, to run into every Puddle. 
Jeremy Collier, Short View (ed. 1698), p. 6. 
2. A child ; a girl ; a young woman : a depre- 
ciatory term. 
I wonder that any man is so mad to come to see these 
rascally tits play here. B. Jonson, Cynthia's Revels, Ind. 
3. A bit ; morsel. Balliwell. 
[Obsolete or rare in all uses.] 
tit* (tit), n. [In the phrase tit for tat, a varia- 
tion of tip for tap: see under tip 2 , n. Tit and 
tat in this phrase are in themselves meaning- 
less; the phrase is often written with hyphens, 
tit-for-tat, and indeed is better so written, be- 
ing practically one word.] In the phrase tit 
for tat (literally, in the original form tip for 
tap, 'blow for blow'), a retaliatory return ; an 
equivalent by way of repartee or answer : as, to 
give a person tit for tat in a dispute or a war 
of wit. 
Tit for tat, Betsey ! You are right, my girl. 
Caiman and Garrick, Clandestine Marriage, v. 2. 
I have had my tit-for-tat with John Russell, and I turned 
him out on Friday last. 
Palmerston, in McCarthy's Hist. Own Times, xxiii. 
tit B t (tit), v. t. [< ME. titten, tytten, origin ob- 
scure ; cf. tight 1 , .] To pull tightly. (Halli- 
well, under titte (2).) 
And the feete uppward fast knytted, 
And in strang paynes be streyned and tytted. 
Bampole, MS. Bowes, p. 210. (HalliwcU.) 
tit 5 t (tit), n. [< ME. titte ; < titf, v.~] A pull. 
Yf that tre war tite pulled oute 
At a titte, with al the rotes oboute. 
Hampole, Pricke of Conscience, 1. 1915 (Morris and Skeat's 
[Spec. Eng. Lit.). 
tit 6 t, adv. A Middle English variant of titei. 
Titan 1 (ti'tan), n. [< ME. Titan, Tytan,< OF. Ti- 
tan, F. Titan = Sp. Titan = Pg. Titao = It. Titano 
= G. Dan. Sw. Titan, < L. Titan, rarely Titanus 
(pi. Titanes, Titani),< Gr. lirdv (pi. Ttravef, Tirfi- 
vef), a Titan; cf. rtru, day, < -\/ TI, lighten, illu- 
mine.] 1. In mythol., one of a race of primor- 
dial deities, children of Uranus and Ge (Heaven 
and Earth), or their son Titan, supposed to rep- 
resent the various forces of nature. In the old- 
est accounts there were six male Titans (Oceanus, Creus, 
Crius, Hyperion, Japetus, and Kronos), and six female 
(Theia, Rhea, Themis, Mnemosyne, I'hoebe, and Tethys). 
They were imprisoned by their father Uranus from their 
birth, but, after unmanning and dethroning him, were de- 
livered by Kronos. Zeus, son of Kronos, compelled him to 
disgorge his elder brothers and sisters, whom he had 
swallowed at their birth, and after a terrible war thrust 
the Titans (except Oceanus) into Tartarus, under guard 
of the hundred-armed giants. In the later legends, Titan, 
the father of the Titans, yielded the supreme power to his 
younger bruther Kronos, but regained it, and was finally 
overcome by tlie thunderbolts of Zeus (Jupiter), son of 
Kronos (Saturn), who then became the supreme god. The 
Titans in their wars are said to have piled mountains 
upon mountains to scale heaven, and they are taken as the 
types of lawlessness, gigantic size, and enormous strength. 
