tone 
To tone up, to give a higher tone or character to ; make 
more vigorous or forcible : heighten ; strengthen. 
II. intritiiM. 1. To take on a particular tom-; 
specifically, to assume color or tint. 
If the in i Hi ^ an fumtMl in :i !MI\ and are left in too long, 
they will tune to a cold blue. l.r, rhotngraphy, p. 1~~. 
2. To himnoni/.i' in toni 1 , i-nlnv, or tint. 
Beaded passementerie, which ttnit* in with the delicate 
shades of blue, and pink chilfon, and durk vi -h, I. 
'/'/ Si-,-intnr (St. LoulsX XI. 327. 
To tone up, to gain in tone, strength, or vigor. 
The I'.rnsnns pnaHud through Washington the other day 
I'luiii thr South, and (*poke of going to Atlantic City to tone 
up a little before the season. 
C. D. Warner, Their Pilgrimage, p. 28. 
tone'-'t (ton), imli-f. jinni. [ME. tniu; ton, toon, 
fmif, in the tone (Sc. the tanr), a iiiisilivisimi of 
tln-1 one, that one. Cf. father.] One: originally 
and usually preceded by the, and usually fol- 
lowed by MM tulliir. See etymology. Compare 
father. 
Thou suldc doo bathe [both) . . . the tarn and ( he lather, 
llampole, Prose Treatises (E. E. T. 8.), p. 29. 
The toon yeveth conysaunce, 
And the tiither ignoraunce. 
I!:: in. tlfthe ROM, 1. 5558. 
Many other thluges, touchyng the pestilent secte of Lu- 
ther and Tyndale. by the tone bygone In Saxony : and by 
I In- tothrr lalinii n-d to be brought into England. 
Sir T. More, Worship of Images, Utopia, Int., p. xct. 
tone-color (ton'kul'or), n. In musical acoux- 
tics, same as timbre. " 
The variety of ttine-cntmir . . . and the brilliant effects 
obtainable by a full sized baud of artist-performers. 
drove, Diet. Music, IV. 472. 
toned (tond), a. [< tone* + -erf2.] Having 
tone or a tone : much used in composition : as, 
high-tolierf; shrill-tonerf. Specifically (o) In a state 
of proper tension ; strung. 
It may be doubted whether there ever existed a human 
being whose mind was quite as firmly toned at eighty as 
at forty. Macaulay, Hist. Eng., xiv. 
(6) Tinted ; slightly colored : noting paper and other fab- 
rics : as, a two-toned ribbon, (c). In photoy., treated with 
chemicals to Improve the color.' Toned paper, paper of 
a very pale amber tint, intermediate between warm butf 
and ivory-white. 
What is often called toned paper is nearer the natural 
color a yellowish shade of the pulp. 
Ilarper't Mag., LXXV. 120. 
toneless (ton'les), a. [< towel + -less."] With- 
out tone; unmodulated; unaccentuated. 
His voice . . . was to Grandcourt's toneless drawl . . . 
as the deep notes of a violoncello to the broken discourse 
of poultry and other lazy gentry In the afternoon sunshine. 
George Eliot, Daniel Deronda, xxix. 
tonelessness (ton'les-nes), w. The quality or 
state of being toneless; lack of toue, in any 
sense. 
Any dulness or tonelessitess on percussion at one apex 
must, In a doubtful case, be regarded as of great signin- 
cance. lancet, 1889, II. 1294. 
tone-master (ton'mas'ter), n. A master or ex- 
pert in the artistic use of tones ; a trained and 
experienced musical composer. 
tone-measurer (ton'mezh'ur-er), n. Same as 
monoehord. 
tone-painting (ton 'pan 'ting), n. The art. 
process, or result of depicting by means of 
tones ; musical description or suggestion. 
toner (to'ner), n. One who or that which tones. 
Sulphuric and nitric acids have some claim to be re- 
garded as toners of the vasomotor nerves. 
Medical Xews, 1111. 499. 
tone-relationship (ton're-la'shon-ship), . In 
nuixif, same as relation, 9. 
tone-syllable (ton'sil'a-bl), n. An accented 
syllable. Imp. Diet. 
tong 1 (tdng), . [< ME. tongc, tange, < AS. tange, 
tonge, also tang = OFries. tange = MD. tang'he, 
D. tang, a pair of tongs or pincers, = MLG. 
tange = OHG. zanga, MHG. Or. sange = Icel. 
ti'mg (tang-) = Sw. t&ng = Dan. tang, tongs: cf. 
OHG. zangar, MHG. sanger, biting, sharp, live- 
ly ; Teut. V lung = Gr. Sanveiv = Skt. / itaiic, dac, 
bite. Cf. tang 1 .'] 1. One of a number of hold- 
ing- and lifting-instruments of various forms. 
They may be grouped under three types : those consisting 
of two arms hinged or pivoted together near the upper or 
handle end, as the common fire-tongs ; those consisting of 
two arms joined together by a spring at the top, as sugar- 
tougs; and those in which the two anna are joined to- 
gether by a pivot near the lower end, as the blacksmiths' 
tongs. Their special names are chiefly descriptive of the 
shape of the short arms of the two levers that form the 
biting part or jaw, as flat-bit tongs^ crnok-tnnyt, etc. Tongs 
are also named from their use, as bottle-tongs, crufibl?- 
tony*, wirt-tongs, etc. (See ice-tony*, lazy-tongs, oyster- 
tontj*. pipe -tuny*, guyar-hng*.) Xow always used in the 
plural, and often in the phrase pair / t.,,, i* l.>i^nating 
one implement. The plural form is also rarely used as a 
singular. See cut in next column, and cuts under pinch- 
ing-tongs and punch. 
8876 
tongue 
tonge-t, . An old spelling of 
tonger (ton^'i'-r), M. f< tony 1 + -!.] One 
wliii.sr i>i-i-iijiiitiiiii is the ditching of oysters 
with tongs. Finherien of ('. S., II. 515. 
tonging (tflng'ing), n. [Verbal n. of ton;/ 1 , r.] 
The use of the oyster-tongs ; the method or prac- 
tice of taking oysters with tongs. Fisheries oj 
i . .v, ll..-)i:i. 
tongkang(tong'knng'), n. [E. Ind.] A kind of 
boat or junk used in the Eastern Archipelago. 
Thu havest clivers (claws} suthe stronge, 
Tim tuengst [twlngest] thar-mld so (as] doth a tonne. 
Old and Nightingale (ed. Wright), I. 156. 
The tonijti that drow the nayles out 
Of fet, of handes, al about. 
Holy Rood (F, E. T. 8.), p. 188. 
With that the wicked carle, the malster Smith, 
A paire of red-whot yron '"/'';.- did take 
Out of the burning cinders, and therewith 
Under his side him nipt Spenser, F. Q., IV. v. 44. 
He sat by the fireside, . . . writing the name of his 
mistress In the ashes with an old tongs that had lost one 
of its legs. Irving, .Salmagundi, No. 2. (Danes.) 
Sure the shovel and tongs 
To each other belongs. 
Later, Widow Machree. 
(Tongs were formerly used in rough burlesque music : 
I have a reasonable good ear In music. Let 's have the 
tongs and the bones. Shot., M. N. D., iv. 1. 82.] 
2. In diamond-cutting, a two-footed wooden 
stand that has at one end a vise-like iron hold- 
er, into which the dop containing the diamond 
is fastened, holding the diamond against the 
wheel. 3. pi. A device for anchoring the body 
of a car to the track when it is not in use. Car- 
Builder's Diet. 4. pi. Trousers. [Slang, New 
Eng.] 
The boys dressed In tmujs, a name for pantaloons or 
overalls that had come Into use. S. Jttdd, .Margaret, 1. 6. 
Asparagus-tongs, a pair of tongs with broad flat blades, 
one of which has a noolced or turned-up end, to retain the 
stalks of asparagus. A spoon and a fork are sometimes 
hinged together in place of the blades. Clam-tongs, an 
instrument for tongfng clams, like oyster-tongs, but dif- 
fering in the width of the head, which averages 3} feet. 
Coral-tongs, tongs used In the coral fishery. Dog. 
tongs. See the quotation. 
We have never heard of dog tongs out of Wales. Mr. 
Owen figures one of these instruments, which It Is not 
easy to describe without an illustration. They were used 
for catching dogs which were so ill-trained as to flghtdur- 
ing the time of service. N. and Q., 7th ser., I. 479. 
Hammer and tongs. See hammer*. Sardine-tongs, 
small tongs, like sugar-tongs but with broad flat blades, 
used for lifting sardines out of the box without breaking 
them. Sliding tongs. See slide. Tourmalin tongs. 
See polariscope. 
tong 1 (tong), r. [0M0l,n.] I. trans. To seize, 
hold, or take with tongs. 
Though there Is a planting Interest at Mobile, Ala., most 
of the oysters on sale are of native growth, and tongcd In 
a part of the bay called the " gully. 
Fitheria of U. S., V. U. 548. 
H. intrans. To handle or use tongs ; cap- 
ture something, as oysters, with tongs. 
He fishes, he tomjs for oysters. 
ScrHmer-t Mag., VIII. 512. 
tong 2 *, ". An old spelling of tongue. 
tonga (tong'gfi), n. [< Hind, tdnt/d.] A light 
two-wheeled vehicle with wooden axletrees, 
drawn by ponies or oxen, and much used on the 
up-country roads in British India. 
The Himalayan tmiya is a thing of delight It Is easily 
described, for in principle it is the ancient Persian war- 
chariot, though the accommodation is so modified as to 
allow four persons to sit in it back to back. 
F. M. Crawford, Mr. Isaacs, ix. 
Tonga bean (tong'ga ben). See tonka-bean. 
Tongan (tong'gan), a. and n. [< Tonga (see 
def.) + -*!]" L' a. Relating to the Tonga Isl- 
ands. See n. 
II. n. An inhabitant of the Tonga or Friend- 
ly Islands, a group of islands (so called from 
Tonga or Tonga-tabu, one of the chief islands) 
and Kingdom in the South Pacific, east-south- 
east of the Fiji Islands. 
tonge 1 t, n. A Middle English form of tong 1 . 
tongman (tdng'man), n.; pi. tongmen (-men). 
One who uses the tongs in taking oysters ; u 
tonger. Also tonymnan. f inherit-/, nt I . .S., II. 
525. 
Tongrian beds. The name given to the lower 
division of the Oligocene in Belgium : so called 
from Tongres in Belgium. It is the equivalent 
of the Egeln beds of Germany. 
tongs (tdngz). n. pi. See to/in 1 . 
tongsman (tongz'man), n. Same as tongman. 
Daridmiii. 
tongue (tung), it. [An awkward un-English 
spelling (first used in early mod. E., and appar. 
simulating the terminal form of F. langue, 
tongue ; cf. gangue for gang, twangue for twang, 
etc.) of what would be reg. mod. "long or rather 
"tttng, early mod. E. also toong; < ME. tonge, 
tunge, < AS. tunge =. OS. tunge = OFries. ttinge = 
MD. tone/he, D. tong = MLG. LG. tunge = OHG. 
zungd, MHG. G. zunge = Icel. tunga = Sw. tvnga 
= Dan. tunge = Goth, tuggo = IT. Gael, teanga 
(for "ilenga) = OL. (lingua, L. lingua ( > It . lingua 
= Sp. lengua = Pg. lingoa, lingua = F. langue), 
tongue ; perhaps cognate with OBulg. jreruiW 
= Bohem.Ja^yKyori/iA'iZ, etc., = OPruss. insuicia, 
tongue, and possibly with Skt. jihva, Zend juhu, 
tongue. The Gr. word is entirely different (see 
glossa). From the L. form of the word are de- 
rived E. lingual, etc. , language*.] 1 . The princi- 
pal organ of the special sense of taste or tne gus- 
tatory faculty: the lingual apparatus, or lingua. 
It Is usually a fleshy and freely movable mass which partly 
fills the mouth, and has important functions in the acta 
of talking and eating. Together with the lips, teeth, and 
cheeks, the tongue serres to articulate, modulate, or qual- 
ify sounds produced in the windpipe, and In man Is thus 
an organ of speech ; it is equally concerned in the many 
natural cries of animals, the songs of birds, etc. It is a 
direct aid In the process of mastication, In directing food 
between the teeth, and in the act of swallowing or deglu- 
tition, by forcing food and drink from the mouth through 
the fauces Into the pharynx. It is concerned In spitting, 
and in almost every action in which the mouth takes part. 
The tongue Is often a prehensile organ, as for lapping or 
licking ; sometimes a rasp or file, as in the lion and the 
snail ; sometimes a dart or spear, as in woodpeckers, and 
in chameleons and many other reptiles. The tongue is 
rarely rudimentary or wanting in vertebrates, as In some 
birds and the aglossal batrachians. It is forked in ser- 
pents. Its structure and mechanism are more elaborate in 
some of the lower vertebrates, especially in birds and rep- 
tiles, than in mammals. In these last the tongue is chiefly 
a mass of muscle attached to the hyoid bone and lower jaw, 
and covered with mucous membrane, (a) In man the 
tongue is placed in the floor of the mouth, between the 
two branches of the lower jaw. The base or root of the 
tongue Is fixed to the hyold or tongue-bone ; the top. sides, 
and dorsum are free ; a median fold of mucous membrane, 
the bridle of the tongue, or/renum lingua, runs to its tip. 
Like other median or azygous structures, the tongue con- 
sists of two symmetrical halves on the right and left of 
a middle vertical partition, or septum linyua, of fibrous 
tissue ; another sheet of such tissue, the hyoglossal mem- 
brane, connects the under side of the tongue with the hy- 
oid bone. The Intrinsic muscular fibers of the tongue 
constitute the Kngualu; the extrinsic muscles(connectlng 
PCo 
Dorsum of Human Tongue (reduced). 
, epiglottis; RG, median glosso epigloitic recess; G, glandules 
at base of tongue; A. tonsil; Pea, circunivallate paptlLr i PM, me- 
dian one of these papilla ; Pf, Cuneiform papillae ; rCo. filiform pa- 
pilla: ; PS. wrinkles and furrows on the edges of the tongue. 
