towse 
towset, (' See touse. 
towser, towzer, n. See tomer. 
towsie, towzie (tou'ri or to'zi), <i. [< toi/se + 
-i/i = Sc. -?>.] See tousy. 
tow-willy (to'wil"i), . [Imitative.] The san- 
derling, (Midi-is arenaria. See cut under san- 
derling. [Prov. Eng.] 
towy (to'i), a. [< tow 2 + -.v 1 .] Containing or 
resembling tow. 
towzet, v. See touse. 
towzie, (i. See towsie. 
toxaemia, toxaemic. See toxemia, toxemia. 
toxalbumin (tok-sal-bu'min), n. [< tox(ic) 4- 
albumin.'] A poisonous ptomaine; toxin. 
toxanemia, toxanaemia (tok-sa-ne'mi-a), n. 
[NL. toxanxmia; < tox(ic) + an&mia.] Anemia 
caused by the action of poisons. 
toxaspiral (tok'sa-spi-ral), a. [< toxaspire + 
-ah] Pertaining to a toxaspire, or having its 
characters : as, a toxaspiral microsclere. 
toxaspire (tok'sa-spir), . [< Gr. T6ov, a bow, 
+ mreipa, a coil: see spire' 1 '.'] Of sponge-spicules, 
a microsclere or flesh-spieule representing one 
turn and part of another turn of a cylindrical 
spiral of a higher pitch than that of a sigma- 
spire. Viewed in one direction the toxaspire presents 
the conventional figure of a bow recurved at each end 
(whence the name). See toxim. Sollas. 
A turn and a part of a turn of a spiral of somewhat 
higher pitch than that of a sigmaspire gives the toxaspire. 
Encyc. Brit., XXII. 417. 
toxedt (tokst), a. [Short for intoxicated. Cf. 
tossicated.] Intoxicated. 
His guts full stuft, and braines well toxt with wine. 
Heywood, Dialogues (Works, ed. Pearson, 1874, VI. 191). 
toxemia, toxaemia (tok-se'mi-a), . [NL. 
mia, < Gr. rojiK6v (see toxic), poison, + ajia, 
blood.] The presence of a toxic substance or 
substances in the blood; septicemia; blood- 
poisoning. 
toxemic, toxaemic (tok-se'mik), a. [< toxemia 
+ -ic.] Pertaining to or of the nature of toxe- 
mia; affected with toxemia ; septicemic. 
toxic (tok'sik), a. [= F. toxique, < L. toxicum, 
< Gr. TO^IX&V, sc. <j>ap/iaK6v, poison, orig. poison 
with which arrows were dipped, neut. of rof<if , 
belonging to arrows or archery, < rofov, a bow. 
Hence ult. intoxicate.] 1. Of or pertaining to 
toxicants; poisonous. 2. Toxicological : as, 
toxic symptoms Toxic convulsion, a convulsion 
caused by any toxic agent acting on the nervous system. 
Toxic dementia, feeble mental action due to pro- 
longed action of toxic agents, as lead, alcohol, or opium. 
Toxic epilepsy. See epilepsy. 
toxical (tok'si-kal), a. [< toxic + -al.] Same 
as toxic. 
toxically (tok'si-kal-i), adv. By toxicants, or 
stimulating or narcotic poisons ; with reference 
to toxicology. Alien, and Neural., IX. 364. 
toxicant (tok'si-kant), a. and n. [< toxic + -ant. 
Cf. intoxicant.'] I. a. Having toxic effect ; capa- 
ble of poisoning. 
II. n. A poison. 
toxicatet, * [< ML. toxicatus, pp. of toxicare, 
poison, < toxicum, poison : see toxic. Cf. intoxi- 
cate.] To poison ; intoxicate. 
Feuer shakes him, his eye 's dull and dead, 
And a strange megrim toxicates his head. 
Heywood, Hierarchy of Angels, p. 518. 
toxicatet, [ME. toxicat, < L. toxicatus, pp.: 
see the verb.] Poisoned; poisonous; toxic. 
With toxicat uenym replete was certain. 
Rom. of Partenay (E. E. T. S.), 1. 1429. 
toxicemia, toxicaemia (tok-si-se'mi-a), w. [NL. 
toxicsemia, < Gr. rof/Ko^, poison, + ai/ia, blood.] 
Same as toxemia. 
toxicity (tok-sis'i-ti), re. [< toxic + -ity.] The 
state of being toxic. Nature, XLIII. 504. 
Toxicodendron (tok"si-k6-den'dron), n. [NL. 
(Thunberg, 1796), transferred from the Toxi- 
codendron of Tournefort (1700), a genus, now 
ranked as a species, of sumac (Rhus), < Gr. rot-t- 
KOV, poison, T oevdpov, tree.] A genus of apet- 
alous trees, of the order Euphorbiaceee and tribe 
Phyllanthex. It is characterized by usually whorled 
entire leaves, and apetalous dioecious flowers, the numer- 
ous nearly sessile anthers large, erect, and densely crowd- 
ed. The two species are natives of South Africa. They 
are small trees with very numerous rigid branches and co- 
riaceous leaves. They bear axillary flowers, the pistillate 
solitary, the staminate forming dense cymes. T. Capetue, 
the Hysenanche globosa of many authors, is the hyena-poi- 
son or wolveboon of the Cape of Good Hope, where its poi- 
sonous fruit is powdered and sprinkled upon raw meat for 
the purpose of killing noxious animals. 
toxicoderma (tok"si-ko-der'ma), n. [NL., < Gr. 
ToS-ufov, poison, + dipfta, skin.] Same as toxico- 
dermitis, 
toxicodermatitis (tok'si-ko-der-ma-ti'tis), n. 
[NL.] Same as toxicodermitis. 
0408 
toxicodermitis (tok"si-ko-der-mi'tis), n. 
[NL., < Gr. TO^IKOV, poison, + deppa, skiu, + 
-it-is.] Inflammation of the skin due to an ir- 
ritant poison. 
toxicoid (tok'si-koid), . [< Gr. TO^/KOV, poison, 
+ dSof, form.] Resembling poison, nungliaoii. 
toxicological (tok"si-ko-loj'i-kal), a. [< "toxi- 
cologic (== F. toxicologique ; as ioxicolog-y + -ic) 
+ -al.] Of or pertaining to toxicology. 
toxicologically (tok"si-ko-loj'i-kal-i), adv. In 
a toxicological manner; as regards toxicology. 
toxicologist (tok-si-kol'o-jist), n. [= F. toxi- 
cologiste; as toxicolog-y -f- -ist.] One who treats 
of or is versed in the nature and action of poi- 
sons. 
toxicology (tok-si-kol'o-ji), n. [= F. loxicolo- 
gie, < Gr. rof mini , poison, T -Jtoyia, < %cyeiv, speak: 
see -ology.] That branch of medicine which 
treats of poisons and their antidotes, and of the 
effects of excessive doses of medicines. 
toxicomania (tok // si-ko-ma'ni-a), . [< Gr. 
roi;iK6v, poison, + /invia, madness.] A morbid 
craving for poisonous substances. 
Toxicophidia (tok"si-ko-fid'i-a), n. pi. [NL., 
< Gr. TO^IKOV, poison, + bfiotav, serpent: see 
Ophidia.] Venomous serpents collectively; the 
Nocua : used in a quasi-classificatory sense, 
like Tlianatophidia. Sci. Amer., N. S., LX. 
295. 
Toxicophis (tok-sik'o-fis), n. [NL. (Baird and 
Girard, 1853), < Gr. Tefuuv, poison, + O^KC, a ser- 
pent.] A genus of venomous American ser- 
pents ; the moccasins : now usually merged in 
Ancistrodon. See cut under moccasin. 
toxicosis (tok-si-ko'sis), n. [NL., < Gr. TO^LKUV, 
poison.] A morbid condition produced by the 
action of a poison ; a chronic poisoning. 
toxifer (tok'si-fer), n. In conch., any member 
of the Toxifera or Toxoglossa. P. P. Carpenter, 
Lect. Mollusca, 1861. 
Toxifera (tok-sif 'e-ra), n. pi. [NL.,< Gr. TOJ-IKOV, 
poison, + <t>ef>eiv = E. tear 1 .] Same as Toxo- 
glossa. 
Toxiglossa (tok-si-glos'a), n. pi. [NL.] Same 
as Toxoglossa. 
toxii, n. Plural of toxius. 
toxin, toxine (tok'sin), n. [< Gr. TO^KOV, poi- 
son, + -Mi 2 , -ine 2 .] Any toxic ptomaine. 
toxiphobia (tok-si-fo'bi-a), n. [NL., < Gr. rof- 
(n6v), poison, + <t>6/3of, fear.] A morbid fear of 
being poisoned. 
toxius (tok'si-us), n. ; pi. toxii (-1). [NL., < 
Gr. r<5foK, a bow.] In sponges, a flesh-spicule 
or microsclere curved in the middle, but with 
both ends straight. 
Toxocampa (tok-so-kam'pa), n. [NL. (Guen6e, 
1841), < Gr. T6t-av, a bow, 4-"fco/jir5, a caterpillar.] 
A genus of noctuid moths, typical of a family 
Toxocampidse. The body is slender, the head not fas- 
ciculate, and the legs are rather robust. The species are 
found in Europe, India, and South Africa. The larvce 
live on leguminous plants. 
Toxocampidae (tok-so-kam'pi-de), n. pi. [NL. 
(Guen6e, 1852), < Toxocampa + -idee.] A fam- 
ily of noctuid moths, containing forms related 
to the Ophiusidse, of moderate or rather large 
size, with ample posterior wings, and the abdo- 
men of the female often elevated. About 25 
species of 6 genera are represented in South 
America, Africa, the East Indies, and Europe. 
Toxodon (tok'so-don), n. [NL. (Owen), < Gr. 
nifov, a bow, + 'bdovf (bSm>r-) = E. tooth.] The 
typical genus of the Toxodonta, based upon 
the remains of an animal about as large as 
a hippopotamus, discovered by Darwin, many 
examples of which have since been found in 
Pleistocene deposits in the Argentine Repub- 
lic, as T. platensis. 
toxodont (tok'so-dont), a. and n. I. a. Per- 
taining to the Toxodonta, or having their char- 
acters. 
II. n. A mammal of the order Toxodonta. 
Toxodonta, Toxodontia (tok-so-don'ta, -shi-a), 
n. pi. [NL., pi. of Toxodon(t-).] An order of 
fossil subungulate quadrupeds, or a suborder 
of Taxcopoda, named from the genus Toxodon. 
It covers some generalized South American forms ex- 
hibiting cross-relationships with perissodactyls, probo- 
scideans, and rodents, and whose common characters are 
as yet indeterminate. 
Toxodontidae (tok-so-don'ti-de), n. pi. [NL., < 
Toxodon(t-) + -idse.~] A restricted family of 
toxodonts, represented by the genus Toxodon. 
The cranial characters are in some respects those of the 
existing swine. The teeth are thirty-eight in number, all 
growing from persistent pulps, with large incisors, small 
lower canines, no upper canines, and strongly curved mo- 
lars (whence the name). The femur has no third trochan- 
ter, and the fibula articulates with the calcaneum ; the 
tarsal bones resemble those of proboscideans. 
and n. 
toy 
Toxoglossa (tok-so-glos'a), n. pi. [NL., < Gr. 
rof IKOV, poison, + ;/(j(T(T,"a tongue.] An order 
or suborder of pectinibranchiate gastropods. 
They have two (rarely four) rows of marginal teeth, which 
are generally perforated and penetrated by a secretion 
from a veneniferous gland, and there are rarely median 
teeth. The division includes the families Couidse, 1'leu- 
rotomidie, and Terebridse. and related forms. Also Toxi- 
glosm, Toxifera. See cuts under Conus, Pleurotoma, and 
Terebra. 
toxoglossate (tok-so-glos'at), 
Toxoglossa + -ate 1 .] I. a. In 
Mollusca, having the charac- 
ters of the Toxoglossa. 
II. it. A toxoglossate gastro- 
pod. 
tOXOn (tok'son), . [Gr. To'fov, 
a bow.] Same as toxius. 
toxophilite (tok-sof'i-lit), n. 
and a. [< Gr. r6%ov, a bow, + 
fi'/.eiv, love, + -(te 2 (cf. Gr. </H- 
Aqr'K, a lover).] I. n. A stu- 
dent or lover of archery; one 
who practises archery, or who studies the his- 
tory and archaeology of archery. 
II. a. Same as toxophilitic. 
What causes young people ... to wear Lincoln Green 
toxophilite hats and feathers, but that they may bring down 
some " desirable " young man with those killing bows and 
Toxoglossate. 
Radular Teeth of 
A stn- PJewvttrma babylo- 
' nica, much enlarged. 
arrows of theirs ? 
Thackeray, Vanity Fair, iii. 
tOXOphilitic (tok-sof-i-lit'ik), u. [<toxojtltilili 
+ -ic.] Relating or pertaining to archery or to 
the study of archery. 
Toxotes (tok'so-tez), n. [NL. (Cuvier, 1817), < 
Gr. rof <5r>7p, a bowman, an archer, < r6t;ov, a bow.] 
A genus of fishes, typical of the family Toxoti- 
dee; the archer-fishes. See cut under archer- 
Jish. 
Toxotidse (tok-sot'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < Toxotes 
+ -idee.] A family of acanthopterygian fishes, 
represented by the genus Toxotes. The body is 
oblong ; the dorsal outline ascends nearly straight from 
the prominent lower jaw to the dorsal fin ; the ventral out- 
line is convex; the mouth is oblique and deeply cleft; the 
dorsal fin, which begins at about the middle of the body, 
has five strong spines and a short rayed part ; the anal is 
opposite but rather longer than the dorsal, and has three 
spines ; the ventrals are abdominal in position, with one 
spine and five rays. Several species inhabit East Indian 
and neighboring seas, as Toxotes jaeulator, the archer-fish 
(which see, with cut). 
toy (toi), n. [< ME. toye, prob. < MD. tuyg, 
D. tuig, tools, utensils, apparatus, ornaments, 
stuff, trash (D. speel-tuig, playthings, toys), = 
LG. tug = OHG. gi-ziug, MHG. ziuc, G. zeug, 
stuff, gear (cf . G. spielzeug, toys), = Icel. tygi, 
gear, = Sw. tyg, gear, stuff, trash, = Dan. taj, 
stuff, things, gear (lege-toj, plaything, toy). 
Perhaps connected with tow 1 , tug.] 1. A knick- 
knack; an ornament; a gewgaw; a trinket; a 
bauble. 
Any silk, any thread, 
Any toys for your head ? 
SAo*., W. T., iv. 4. 326. 
One cannot but be amazed to see such a profusion of 
wealth laid out in coaches, trappings, tables, cabinets, and 
the like precious toys, in which there are few princes in 
Europe who equal them. 
Addison, Remarks on Italy (Works, ed. Bohn, I. 504). 
2. Something intended rather for amusement 
than for serious use ; a means of diversion ; 
hence, especially, an object contrived or used 
occasionally for the amusement of children or 
others; a plaything; also, something diminu- 
tive, like a plaything. 
"Tis a pretty toy to be a poet. 
Marlowe, Tamburlaine, I., ii. 2. 
O virtue, virtue ! what art thou become, 
That man should leave thee for that toy, a woman ! 
Dryden, Spanish Friar, iv. 2. 
All the world I saw or knew 
Seemed a complex Chinese toy, 
Fashioned for a barefoot boy ! 
Whittier, Barefoot Boy. 
Perched on the top of a hill was a conspicuous toy of a 
church. W. Black, House-boat, ii. 
3. A trifle ; a thing or matter of no importance 
or value. 
A man whose wisdom is in weighty affairs admired 
would take it in some disdain to have his counsel solemnly 
asked about a toy. Hooker, Eccles. Polity, i. 15. 
A toy, a thing of no regard. SAo*., 1 Hen. VI., iv. 1. 145. 
4. Play; amorous sport; caress. 
So said he, and forbore not glance or toy 
Of amorous intent. Milton, P. L., ix. 1034, 
5f. A curious conceit or fable ; a story; a tale. 
Here by the way I will tell you a merry toy. 
LaKmer, Sermon bet. Edw. VI., 1550. 
I never may believe 
These antique fables, nor these fairy toyx. 
Shak., M. X. D., v. 1. :i. 
6f. A fantastic notion ; a whim; a caprice. 
