tracbelo-occipitalis 
6412 
Trachynotus 
trachelo-occipitalis (tra-ke"16-ok-sip-i-ta'lis), 
pi. traohelo-occipitales (-lez). [NL. : see 
siity., the operation of making an opening into trachycarpous (trak-i -kar'pus), a. [< Gr. 
H. . - -. . the trachea or windpipe Tracheotomy-tube, the Tpa^if, rough. + Kapiror, fruit.] In hot., having 
ti'iii'/ic/ii-/ici'i/iit</l.] The trachelo-occipital inns- tube used after tracheotomy for insertion into the open- rough fruit. 
clc, or complexus. Se_e complexus*. ^ "Katon""' ilitate breathing. Compare TrachycarpUS(trak-i-kiu-'pus), w . [NL. (Wend- 
Gr. Tpaxi/.oc, neck, + LL. scapula, shoulder: 
see scapular.'] Coming from or common to the 
side of the neck and the scapular region, or 
shoulder : specifying certain veins which con- 
tribute to form the external jugular. 
Trachelospermum (tra-ke-lo-sper'mum), n. 
[NL. (Lemaire, 1839), so named when supposed 
to produce seeds with a distinct neck or beak; 
< Gr. rpd^/.of, a neck, + axepfia, seed.] A ge- 
nus of plants, of the order Apocynaceee, tribe 
Echitidefe, and subtribe Eiiechitidese . It is char- 
acterized by seeds without a beak and by loosely corym- 
bose cymes of regular flowers having a glandular or scaly 
calyx, and a salver-shaped corolla with oblong lobes and a 
constricted throat. There are 6 Asiatic species, and a 
seventh in the southern United States. They are shrubby 
climbers, with opposite leaves and white flowers. T. 
di/onne, a native of river-banks from Virginia to Florida 
and Texas, is a climber reaching about 10 feet high, and 
bearing numerous creamy flowers in spring and summer. 
T. jasminoides is the Shanghai jasmine of greenhouses, 
formerly cultivated under the names Parechites and Rhyn- 
chospermum. 
trachenchyma (tra-keng'ki-ma), n. [NL., < 
Gr. rpaxela, windpipe, + lyxv/ia, that which is 
poured in (of. parenchyma): see enchymatous.] 
In bot., same as tracheary tissue. See tracheary. 
tracheobranchia (tra-ke-o-brang'ki-a), . ; pi. 
tracheobranchiss (-e). ' [NL., < Gr. rpa'xua, wind- 
pipe, + fipdyx' a , gills.] A breathing-organ of 
certain aquatic insect-larvffi, combining the 
character of a gill with that of an ordinary 
trachea. 
The so-called Tracheo-branchia ... are in no sense 
branchiae, but simply take the place of stigmata. 
Huxley, Anat. Invert., p. 221. 
pungency of their opercular and dorsal spines, which, 
though not connected with special poison-glands, may 
inflict serious wounds. There are two dorsal fins, the first 
of which is short and is composed of about six strong 
pungent spines; the second dorsal and the anal are both 
long ; and the ventrals are in advance of the pectorals, and 
have a spine and five rays ; the body is highest at the 
nape ; the head is compressed, cuboid, with lateral and 
protrusive eyes, and very oblique cleft of the mouth ; and 
the preorbitals as well as the preoperculars are aimed 
with spines. The family was formerly taken in a more 
comprehensive sense, then including the members of sev- 
eral other families, as Uranoscojiulx, Sttlaginidie, JVoto- 
theniidse, etc. As now limited it has but few species, 
mostly confined to the Mediterranean and Atlantic waters, 
though one occurs along the coast of Chili. The two Brit- 
ish species are justly dreaded, and have many local names 
alluding to their means of defense, as adder-fish, sea-adder, 
sting-fish, sting-bull, utanysler, etc. None are found on 
North American shores. See cut under Trachinus. 
(trak'i-noid), a. and n. [< Trachi- 
distinct acute carpels connate at the base, each with a ses- 
sile stigma t mil i mil in fruit. There are 4 species, 2 natives 
of the mountains of northern India and Burma, one in 
China, and another in Japan. They are thornless palms, 
densely clothed above with a fibrous netting remaining 
from the leaf -sheaths. They bear terminal roundish leaves 
deeply cut into narrow two-cleft segments, with a biconvex 
petiole, and entire densely fibrous sheath. The short or 
elongated numerous robust spadices are densely or loose- 
ly flowered, and covered at first by numerous large, com- 
pressed, obliquely cut woolly spathes. The flowers are 
small and yellowish, followed liy a roundish fruit with 
thin fleshy pericarp, and a single erect free seed with equa- 
ble corneous albumen. They vary very much in habit. T. 
Martianus, of the Himalayas, produces tall solitary trunks; 
in others the stems are low and tufted. The fruit is either 
blue or saffron-colored. The species have been often de- 
scribed under the genus Chamxrops. T. excelms is known 
as hemp-palm. T. Furtunei, the Chinese fan-palm, con- 
sidered the only palm which is at all hardy in England, is 
the source in China of a fibrous matting used for cordage, 
and made into clothing, which is said to be water-proof. 
1 n ' ... , , tvnu uiuuo IIILU UUVUUIK, WI11CI1 IS BB1Q IO lie \VilUT-pluGI 
. a. Resembling or related to Trachycephalus (trak-i-sef'a-lus), . [NL., < 
the weevers ; having the characters of the Tra- 
chinidee; of or pertaining to the Trachinidee. 
II. n. A trachiuoid fish. 
Trachinus (tra-ki'nus), . [NL. (Linnteus, 
1758), < Gr. rpaxi'f, rough, nigged.] The typi- 
cal genus of Trachinidee. 
weever; the lesser weever is T. vipera. 
about 12 Inches long, the latter 6. 
Gr. rpaxi-f, rough, + Ke<f>aM/, head.] A genus of 
Hijlidse, characterized by the extensive cranial 
ossifications, which cause the head to seem bare 
and rough on the upper side. T. lielienatiix is 
a species known as the licltened tree-toad. 
T. draco is the dragon- Trachycomus (tra-kik'o-mus), n. [NL. (Caba- 
nis, 1850), < Gr. Tpaxv(, rough, + 5/tf/, hair: see 
cowm 2 .] A genus of timeliine birds of the Ori- 
ental region. T. ochrocephalvs is the yellow-crowned 
thrush or bulbul, formerly also called Ceylinieite stare, rang- 
ing through the Malay peninsula to Java, Sumatra, and 
Borneo. 
Trachyglossa (trak-i-glos'a), n. pi. [NL., < Gr. 
rpaxi;, rough, + f/.uoaa, tongue.] A primary 
group of octopods, including all those which 
have radular teeth : contrasted with Liogloxsa, 
It embraces all octopods except the Ci'rroten- 
thidss. 
Wcever (Trachinus vipera). 
The former is 
tra- 
tracheobroncMal(tra-ke-o-brong'ki-al),o. ____ ....... _____ = , ..... _ ..... . 
Gr. rpaxela, windpipe^ + /Jp6yx"i, the bronchial trachitis (tra-ki'tis), w. [NL., more prop ..... - 
tubes: see bronchial.'] Pertaining to the tra- cheitis, < trachea, the windpipe, + -is.] In- trachyglossate (trak-i-glos'at), a. and n. I. 
chea and the bronchi: same as bronchotracheal. flammation of the trachea or windpipe __ Pseu- a- Having the tongue rough with radularteetli. 
tracheocele (tra-ke'o-sel), u. [< Gr. rpaxtia, domembranous trachitis. See pteudomembranmu. 
windpipe, + nfo, tumor.] An enlargement of trachle, trauchle (trach'l, trach'l), v. t. [By 
some regarded as a perverted form of draggle; 
as an octopod; of or relating to the Trachi/- 
glossa. 
II. M. Any member of the Trachyglossa. 
the thyroid gland ; bronchocele or goiter. 
tracheophone (tra-ke'o-fon), a. and n. [As 
Tracheophones,] 
Tracheophones. 
II. n. A bird of the group Tracheophones 
Tracheophones (tra-ke-o-fo'nez), n. pi. rXT 
< Gr. rpaxsla, windpipe, + tyuv?], voice.] 
with., in Johannes Miiller's classification (1847), 
one of three tribes of an order Insessores, con- , re- 
taining certain South American families, dis- trachly (trach h), a. [< trachle + -i 
tinguished by the construction of the syrinx draggled ; slovenly ; dirty. [Scotch.] 
both from the Polymyodi and from the Picarii trachoma (tra-ko'ma), n. [NL., < Gr. rpaxopa, . occ ,. z 
of the same author. These birds are a part of the roughness, < Tpaxyc, rough, + -oma.] In sura., Trachymedusse (trak"i-me'-d'u'se), . pi. PNL 
formicarioid Poaseres of Wallace; and the name (also and a granular condition of the conjunctiva of the <Gr rpariV roueh + 'NL Medusa 1 In 
eyelids, frequently accompanied with haziness 
and vascularity of the cornea; granular lids: 
a serious disease, often occurring after puru- 
lent ophthalmia Trachoma glands. See gland, 
tra- trachomatOUS (tra-kom'a-tus), a. [< tracho- 
ma(t-) + -ous.'] Pertaining to, of the nature of, 
^>r affected with trachoma. 
An 
cf. Gael, trachladh, fatigue.] 1. To draggle or Trachylobium (trak-i-16'bi-um), n. [NL. 
1. a.' Of or pertaining to the bedraggle. 2. To overburden or fatigue ; ex- (Hayne, 1827), so called with ref. to the rough 
haust or wear out with prolonged exertion, pods; < Gr. rpaxi'C, rough, + /to/iof, pod: see 
[Scotch in both uses.] lobe.'] A genus of leguminous plants, of the 
[NL. trachle, trauchle (trach'l, trach'l), M. [See suborder Ceesalpinieee and tribe Amherstiea. It 
In or- trachle, v] A prolonged wearing or exhaust- ' s characterized by leaves composed of two coriaceous 
ins effort as in walking n Irmir ilistunoo nr leaflets, and by flowers with caducous bractlets, each with 
ov?r heav'v roads n hpafv n,,l7 g rSSSSfl ? Te , petal8 ' "" 8talked ' and 8 *hat emI, or with the 
iver neavy roaas, a leayy pull. [>cotcn.J two lower ones minute. There are 2 or 3 species, natives 
Be- of the tropics in eastern Africa and the Mascarene Islands, 
with one in Asia, there commonly cultivated. They are 
trees with white flowers panicled at the ends of the 
branches. See copal and anime, 2. 
preferably in the form Tracheophonse) has of late more 
definitely attached to certain South American mesomy- 
odian Passerex, represented by the very large families For- 
micariidee and Dendrocolaptidse and their immediate al- 
lies. 
tracheophonine (tra-ke-o-fo'nin), a. [< 
eheophone + -t/iei.]' Same as tracheophone. 
Encuc. Brit., XXIV. 689, note. 
tracheophonous (tra-ke'o-fo-nus), a. [< trache- Trachomedusse (trak'o-me-du'se), n. pi. 
ophoiie + -ous.] Same as tracheophone. incorrect form of Trachymedusee. 
tracheoscopic (tra-ke-o-skop'ik), a. [< tra- K - Lankester. 
cheoscop-y + -ie.] ' Pertaining to or of the na- Trachurops (tra-ku'rops), n. [NL. (Gill, 1862), 
ture of tracheoscopy. 
< Trachurus + Gr. uiji, face, aspect, appear- 
tracheoscopist (tra-ke'p-sko-pist), n. [< trache- ance, eye.] A genus of carangoid fishes, of 
oscow 4 -ist.-] One who practises tracheo- fusiform shape, with the hinder part of the 
gh, + NL. Medusas.] 
Haeckel's system of classification, an order of 
acalephs whose marginal bodies or sense-organs 
are tentaculicysts, and whose genitals are 
situated in the course of the radial canals. 
No hydriform trophosome is known to occur. It is com- 
posed of such forms as Pelagia, Trachynema, Afflaura, 
Liriope, and Geri/onia (or Carmarina), and corresponds to 
a part of the Haplomorpha of Cai-us or of the Monopsea of 
- - Allman. 
Haeckel; E. trachymedusan (trak"i-me-du'san), a. and . 
[< Trachymedusee + -an.~] 'I. o. Pertaining to 
the Trachymedusee, or having their characters. 
II. n. A member of the 2'rachymednsee. 
practises 
seopy. 
tracheoscopy (tra-ke'o-sko-pi), n. [< Gr. rpa- 
Xfla, windpipe, +' -OVCOTTOZ, < ancmelv, view.] The 
inspection of the trachea, as with a laryngo- 
scope. 
tracheostenosis (tra-ke"o-ste-no'8is), n. [NL., . 
< Gr. rpaxela, windpipe, + artvuaif, narrowing: Trachurus (tra-ku'rus), n. [NL. (Rafinesque, 
fusiform shape, with the hinder part of the 
lateral line plated, the shoulder-girdle with a 
deep cross furrow at its junction with the isth- 
mus, and the eye very large. T. crumenoph- 
thalmus is the big-eyed scad, also called goggler 
and goggle-eyed jack (which see, under goggle- 
eyed). 
see stenosis.] Stenosis of the trachea, 
tracheotome (tra-ke'o-tom), . [< Gr. 
windpipe, + -rojuof, <: re/tveiv, raftelv, cut.] 
surgical knife used in tracheotomy. 
1810), < L. trachurus, < Gr. Tpdxovpof, 
the horse-mackerel, < rpaxi'f, rough, + ovpd, 
tail.] A genus of carangoid fishes, the saurels, 
-...j +^ 6 v..n*o vy* V>ULO,U & V/IU iion&a, LUO OttUlcls, m,..,,.! ..j 
having the lateral line armed with bony cari- Trachynematidse 
1811), so called with ref. to the woolly a 
what moon-shaped fruit ; < Gr. rpaxic, rough, + 
nm, moon .] A genus of umbelliferous plants, 
of the tribe Hydroeotylese. It is distinguished from 
the related genus Hydracotyle by the absence of stipules. 
It includes about 14 species, one a native of New Caledonia, 
and one of Borneo, the others all Australian. They are usu- 
ally hirsute herbs, with ternately dissected and toothed 
leaves, and white or blue flowers in simple umbels with 
linear involucral bracts. The fruit is usually roughened 
with bristles or tubercles, one of the carpelsoften smoother 
or abortive. T. australis is known as Victorian parsnip. 
'T**! /* Jl TTTlaYVl 1 H/1 00 itvn\rfli 1 ml>+-'^ J^N , ../ 
tracheotomist (tra-ke-ot'o-mist), n. [< trache- n ^. te . Piates for its whole length. T. saurw, also 
,_ . --- a dusky opercular spot, and is afoot long. 
~ \ "v " c O-miz), v. t.', pret. It inhabits Atlantic waters both of Europe and of the 
and pp. tracheotomized, ppr. trachcotomizino. Unlted States. See cut under scad. 
[< tracheotom-y + -ize.] To perform trache- trachybasalt (trak-i-ba-salf), n. [< Gr. rpaxw, 
otomyupon. Also spelled tracheotomise. Sci- rou gn. + E. basalt.'] The name given by Boricky 
ence, V. 173. to a variety of basalt. It is dark-gray, very flne- 
tracheotomy (tra-ke-ot'6-mi), n. [< Gr roarela grain ! d A with '".? re or less calcitic and zeolitic matter dis- 
windpipe, -f -r 0fl i a ,\ r^vnv, ra^lv, cut^ In KSSt toT^ohemia. " 
i-ne-mat'i-de), . /)/. 
[NL., < Trachynema(t-), the typical genus (< Gr. 
rpaxi'f, rough, + vf/fia, a thread), + -idte.] Afam- 
ily of hydromedusans, of the order Trachymedu- 
see, typified by the genus Traehynema (or Ci'm->. 
tentacles, and the geni- 
the eight radinl 
tte 
member ' the ba8a '" C 
(trak-i-no'tus), . [NL. (Lace- 
pede, 1800), { Gr. Tftax'i'^, rough, + ywrof, back.] 
A notable genus of carangoid fishes, with short 
