trade 
9. The persons engaged in the same occupa- 
tion or line of business: as, the book-ft-nrfe. 
All this authorship, you perceive, is anonymous ; it gives 
me no reputation except among the trade. 
Irving. (Imp. Kct.) 
10. A purchase or sale ; a bargain: specifically, 
in ('. S. politics, a deal. 
But it is not every man's talent to force a trade; for a 
customer may choose whether he will buy or not. 
Dryden, Duchess of York's Paper Defended. 
Give us something like the Australian system of voting, 
so that the resulting legislature will represent the state's 
business interests, and not a series of deals, dickers, 
trades, and bargains. The Century, XXX\ II. 633. 
lit. The implements, collectively, of any oc- 
cupation. 
The shepherd . . . with him all his patrimony bears, 
His house and household gods, his trade of war. 
Dryden, tr. of Virgil's Georgics, iii. 535. 
12. Stuff: often used contemptuously in the 
sense of ' rubbish.' [Prov. Eng. and New Eng.] 
Ale, sir, and aqua vitte, and such low-bred trade, is all I 
draw now-a-days. Kingsley, Westward Ho ! xiv. 
Balance of trade. See balance. Board of trade. 
(a) In the United States, an association of business men 
established in most large cities for the furtherance of 
commercial interests, the enactment of rules for the reg- 
ulation of trade, and the consideration of legislation 
affecting banking, insurance, railroads, customs, etc. ; a 
chamber of commerce. (6) [caps.l In Great Britain, a com- 
mittee of the Privy Council which has, to a large extent, 
the supervision of British commerce and industry. At 
its head are the President of the Board of Trade, who is 
usually a member of the Cabinet, the parliamentary sec- 
retary (formerly vice-president), the permanent secre- 
tary, and six assistant secretaries at the head of six de- 
partments the commercial, harbor, finance, railway, ma- 
rine, and fisheries. Attached to the Board of Trade are 
also the bankruptcy and emigration departments, the 
Patent Office, etc. A committee for trade and the plan- 
tations existed for a short time in the reign of Charles II. 
The council of trade was again constituted in the reign 
of William III., but discontinued in 1782. In 1786 the 
Board of Trade was organized, and its functions were sub- 
sequently greatly extended. Coasting-trade. See 
coasting. Course of trade. See course*. Fair ; trade, 
a proposed system of trade between Great Britain or 
British possessions and other countries, as advocated by 
the British fair-traders and the Fair-Trade League since 
about 1886. The fair-traders disclaim the intention of re- 
turning to protection, and aim at establishing reciprocity, 
and at the imposition of retaliatory duties on imports from 
countries which tax British products. Free trade. See 
free. Jack of all trades. See Jacki. Round trade, 
on the Gaboon river, a kind of barter in which the things 
exchanged comprise a large assortment of miscellaneous 
articles. Also called bundle-trade. To blow trade, to 
blow (in) one course ; blow constantly in the same direc- 
tion. See trade-wind. 
The wind blomng trade, without an inch of sayle we 
spooned before the sea. Hakluyt's Voyages, III. 849. 
Tricks of the trade. See trick' . = Syn. 6 and 7. Pursuit, 
Vocation, etc. See occupation. 
II. . Pertaining to or characteristic of trade, 
or of a particular trade: as, a trade practice; 
a trade ball or dinner; trade organizations. 
Trade dollar. See dollar. Trade price, the price' 
charged by the manufacturer or publisher to dealers in the 
same trade for articles that are to be sold again at an ad- 
vance. Trade sale, an auction sale by manufacturers, 
publishers, or others of goods to the trade. 
trade 1 (trad),u.; pret. and pp. traded, ppr. trad- 
ing. [< trade 1 , n.] I. intmns. If. To take or 
keep one's course ; pass ; move ; proceed. 
His grizly Beard a sing'd confession made 
What fiery breath through his black lips did trade. 
J. Beaumont, Psyche, i. 17. 
2. To engage in trade; engage in the exchange, 
purchase, or sale of goods, wares, and mer- 
chandise, or anything else; barter; buy and 
sell; traffic; carry on commerce as a business: 
with in before the thing bought and sold. 
This element of air which I profess to trade in. 
I. Walton, Complete Angler, p. 25. 
3. To buy and sell or to exchange property in 
a specific instance: as, A traded with B for a 
horse or a number of sheep. 4. To engage in 
affairs generally ; have dealings or transactions. 
How did you dare 
To trade and traffic with Macbeth 
In riddles and affairs of death ? 
Shak., Macbeth, iii. 5. 4. 
5. To carry merchandise ; voyage or ply as a 
merchant or merchantman. 
They shall be my East and West Indies, and I will trade 
to them both. Shak., M. W. of W., i. 3. 79. 
To trade on, to take advantage of or make profit out of : 
as, to trade on another's fears. Touch and trade pa- 
pers. See paper. 
II. trans. It. To pass; spend. 
Of this thyng we all beare witnesse, whom here ye see 
standinge, whiche haue traded our Hues familiarly with 
him. J. Udatt, On Acts ii. 
2t. To frequent for purposes of trade. 
The English merchants trading those countreys. 
Hakluyt's Voyages, I. 458. 
3. To sell or exchange in commerce; barter; 
buy and sell. 
6416 
They traded the persons of men. Ezek. xxvii. 18. 
Ready to "dicker" and to "swap," and to "trade" rifles 
and watches. J. F. Cooper, Oak Openings, ii. 
4t. To educate; bring up; train: with up. 
A Wild Rogue is he that is born a Rogue ; he is more 
subtle and more given by nature to all kind of knavery 
than the other, as beastly begotten in barn or bushes, and 
from his infancy traded up in treachery. 
liarman, Caveat for Cursetors, p. 38. 
Euerie one of these colleges haue in like maner their 
professors or readers of the toongs and seuerall sciences, 
as they call them, which dailie trade vp the youth there 
abiding priuatlie in their halles. 
Harrison, Descrip. of Eng., ii. 3 (Holinshed's Chron., I.). 
trade 2 (trad), w. [Abbr. of trade-wind.'] A 
trade-wind : used commonly in the plural. 
trade 3 t. An obsolete preterit of tread. 
tradedt (tra'ded), . [< trade* + -ed?.] Versed; 
practised; experienced. 
Eyes and ears, 
Two traded pilots 'twixt the dangerous shores 
Of will and judgment. Shak., T. and C., ii. 2. 04. 
Nay, you arc better traded with these things than I, and 
therefore I'll subscribe to your judgment. 
B. Jonson, Every Man out of his Humour, ii. 1. 
trade-fallent (trad'fa"ln), . Unsuccessful in 
business; bankrupt. [Rare.] 
Younger sons to younger brothers, revolted tapsters, and 
ostlers trade-fallen. Shak., 1 Hen. IV., iv. 2. 32. 
tradeful (trad'ful), . [< trade* + -ful.] Busy 
in traffic; trafficking. 
Ye tradefull Merchants, that with weary toyle 
Do seeke most pretious things to make your gain. 
Spenser, Sonnets, xv. 
Musing maid, to thee I come, 
Hating the tradeful city's hum. 
J. Warton, Ode to Solitude. 
trade-hall (trad'hal), n. A large hall in a city 
or town for meetings of manufacturers, traders, 
etc. ; also, a hall devoted to meetings of the in- 
corporated trades of a town, city, or district. 
Its small size causes it [the town-hall at Bruges] to suf- 
fer considerably from its immediate proximity to the cloth- 
hall and other trade-halls of the city. 
J. Fergusson, Hist. Arch., I. BOS. 
trade-mark (trad'mark), n. A distinguishing 
mark or device adopted by a manufacturer and 
impressed on his goods, labels, etc., to indicate 
the origin or manufacturer; in law, a particu- 
lar mark or symbol which is used by a person 
for the purpose of denoting that the article to 
which or to packages of which it is affixed is 
sold or manufactured by him or by his author- 
ity, or used as a name or sign for his place of 
business to indicate that he carries on his busi- 
ness at that particular place, and which by 
priority of adoption and more or less exclusive 
use, or by government sanction and registra- 
tion, is recognized and protectable as his prop- 
erty. In Great Britain, the United States, and other 
countries the registration and protection of trade-marks 
are provided for by statute. The earliest trade-marks ap- 
pear to have been those which were used in the manufac- 
ture of paper, and which are known as water-marks. Of 
these the most ancient known appears on a document 
bearing the date 1351 that is, shortly after the invention 
of the art of making paper from linen rags. The founda- 
tion of the protection afforded by the law to the owners 
of trade-marks is in the injustice done to one whose trade 
has acquired favor with the public if competitors are al- 
lowed, by colorable imitation of methods first adopted 
and continuously used by him for making his products 
recognizable, to induce intending purchasers to take 
their goods instead of his. The same kind of protection 
is therefore given, within just limits, to style and color of 
package and label as to specific symbols. Music trade- 
mark, the official mark of the United States Board of 
Music Trade. It consists of a star inclosing a numeral 
which indicates the retail price of the piece in dimes. 
Trade-Marks Act, a British statute of 1862 (25 and 26 
Viet., c. 88) to prevent the fraudulent marking of mer- 
chandise, the forging or altering of trade-marks, etc. 
trademaster (trart'mas"ter), . One who teaches 
others in some trade or mechanical art ; a man 
who instructs boys in some kind of handicraft. 
In our prisons the schoolmaster and the trademaster 
take the place of the executioner. 
Nineteenth Century, XXIV. 759. 
trade-name (trad'nam), n. A name invented 
or adopted as the specific name or designation 
of some article of commerce. 
trader (tra'der), n. [< trade* + -er*.] 1. One 
who is engaged in trade or commerce; one 
whose business is buying and selling, or barter; 
one whose vocation it is to buy and sell again 
personal property for gain. In the law of bank- 
ruptcy and insolvency much discussion as to the meaning 
of the term has resulted from the fact that several systems 
of such laws have applied different rules to traders, or 
merchants and traders, from those applicable to other 
persons. See merchant. 
Traders riding to London with fat purses. 
Shak., 1 Hen. IV., i. 2. 141. 
A butcher who kills only such cattle as he has reared 
himself is not a trader; but if he buy them and kill 
trade-unionism 
them and sell them with a view to prolit, IK is n trader. 
. . Any general definition of the word trader would fail 
to suit all cases. Each case has its peculiarities. We arc 
to look to the object to be attained by the requirement 
that the trader shall keep a cash book. 
Peters, C. J., 76 Maine, 499. 
2. A vessel employed regularly in any particu- 
lar trade, whether foreign or coasting: as, an 
East Indian trailer; a coasting trader Post 
trader. See post-trader. Boom trader, a member of 
the (Sew York) stock-exchange who buys and sells stocks 
on the floor of the exchange for his own account and 
not for a client, and without the intervention of another 
broker ; a broker who is his own client. 
Tradescantia (trad-es-kan'shia), ii. [ML. (Liu- 
nseus, 1737), named after John Triidexi-tnit (died 
about 1638), gardener to Charles I. of England.] 
A genus of monocotyledonous plants, type of 
the tribe Trudcseantiex in the order Coiiinirliiia- 
cese. It is characterized by flowers in sessile or panicled 
fascicles within the base of complicate floral leaves, by 
anther-cells commonly on the margins of a broadish con- 
nective, and by a three-celled ovary with two ovules in 
each cell. There are about 32 species, all American, both 
northern and tropical. They are perennial herbs with 
simple or somewhat branched stems of much variety in 
leaf and habit. The fascicles of the inflorescence resem- 
ble compact umbels, but are centrifugal ; they are either 
loosely or densely panicled, or, as in T. Virginica, are re- 
duced to a single fascicle. The species are known as sjji 
derwort (which see); three or four occur within the Vnitnl 
States, of which T. Virginica is widely distributed and 
is often cultivated in gardens ; two others are southern 
T. rosea and T. Floridana. Several species are cultivated 
under glass, as T. discolor, a white-flowered evergreen with 
leaves purple beneath, and T. zebrina, a trailing South 
American perennial. See wandering-jew. 
tradesfolk (tradz'fok), . pi. [< trade's, poss. 
of trade 1 , + folk.] People employed in trade ; 
tradespeople. 
By his advice victuallers and tradesfolk would soon get 
all the money of the kingdom into their hands. Swift. 
tradesman (tradz'man), n. ; pi. tradexnini 
(-men). [< trade's, poss. of trade*, + man.] 
1. A person engaged in trade; a shopkeeper. 
There 's one of Lentulus' bawds 
Runs up and down the shops, through every street, 
With money to corrupt the poor artificers 
And needy tradesmen to their aid. 
B. Jonson, Catiline, v. 6. 
2. A man having a trade or handicraft ; a me- 
chanic. 
tradespeople (tradz'pe"pl), . pi. [< trade's, 
poss. of trade 1 , + people.} People employed in 
the various trades. 
trades-union (tradz'u"nyon), n. [< trades, pi. 
of trade 1 , + union. Ct. trade-union.] Same as 
trade-union. See etymology of trade-union. 
Their notion of Reform was a confused combination of 
rick-burners, tradet-nnions, Nottingham riots, and in gen- 
eral whatever required the calling out of the yeomanry. 
George Eliot, Felix Holt, Introd. 
trades-unionism (tradz'u"uypn-izm), H. [< 
trades-union + -ism.] Same as trade-union inn. 
trades-unionist (tradz'u"nyon-ist), n. [< 
trades-union + -int.] Same as trade-unionist. 
tradeswoman (tradz'wum'an), n. ; pi. trades- 
women (-wim"en). [< trade's, poss. of trade*, 
+ woman.] A woman who trades or is skilled 
in trade. 
trade-union (trad'u'nyon), w. [(trade* + union. 
Though the words are used synonymously, trade- 
union differs both in extent of meaning and ety- 
mologically from trades-union (< trades, pi. of 
trade*, + union), which prop, means a union of 
men of several trades; a trade-union may be a 
union of men of a single trade or of several 
trades.] A combination of workmen of the 
same trade or of several allied trades for the 
purpose of securing by united action the most 
favorable conditions as regards wages, hours 
of labor, etc., for its members, every member 
contributing a stated sum. to be used primarily 
for the support of those members who seek to 
enforce their demands by striking, and also as 
a benefit fund. 
Trade-Unions are the successors of the old Gilds. 
English Gilds (E. E. T. S.), Int., p. clxv. 
Trade Uniotis are combinations for regulating the rela- 
tions between workmen and masters, workmen and work- 
men, or masters and masters, or for imposing restrictive 
conditions on the conduct of any industry or business. 
Encyc. Brit., XXIII. 499. 
Trade-union Act, an English statute of 1871 (34 and 35 
Viet., c. 31X afterward amended, which recognizes trade- 
unions as lawful, and prescribes regulations for them, 
trade-unionism (trad'u"nyon-izm), ii. [< 
trade-union + -ism.] The practice of combin- 
ing, as workers in the same trade or in allied 
trades, for mutual support and protection, es- 
pecially for the regulation of wages, hours of 
labor, etc. ; also, trade-unions collectively. 
Also trades-iinionixm. 
