treaty 
tria in 1730, advantageous for the former. Treaty Of 
Berlin, a treaty, concluded by the European powers in 
1878, for the settlement of the Eastern question. By it con- 
cessions of territory were made to Russia, Rumania, Servia, 
and .Montenegro, the principality of Bulgaria and the prov- 
ince of Eastern Rumelia were created, Austria-Hungary 
received the administrationof Bosnia and Herzegovina, etc. 
Treaty Of Breslau, a treaty in 1742, ending the tlrst Si- 
lesian war. Treaty of Bretlgny, a treaty between Eng- 
land and France in 1360, generally favorable to the former. 
Treaty Of Bucharest, a treaty between Russia and 
Turkey in 1812. Treaty of Cambrai, a treaty between 
Francis I. of France and the emperor Charles V. in 1529, 
generally favorable to the latter. Treaty of Campo 
Formlo, a treaty between France and Austria in 1797, by 
which Austria lost Belgium and Lombardy, receiving the 
greater part of the Venetian territories in indemnification. 
Treaty Of Carlowitz, a treaty concluded by Turkey 
with Austria, Venice, and Poland in 1699, unfavorable to 
the former. Treaty of Dresden, a treaty in 1745, end- 
ing the second Silesian war. Treaty of Frankfort, a 
treaty between France and Germany, May 10th, 1871, end- 
ing the Franco-German war. Treaty of Ghent, a treaty 
between Great Britain and the United States in December, 
1814, ending the war of 1812. Treaty of Guadalupe- 
Hidalgo, a treaty between the United States and Mexico 
in 1848, terminating the Mexican war in lavor of the 
United States. Treaty of Hubertsburg, a treaty in 
1763, ending the Seven Years' War. Treaty Of Jassy, a 
treaty between Russia and Turkey in 1792, favorable to the 
former. Treaty of Kutchuk-Kainardji, a treaty be- 
tween Russia and Turkey in 1774, favorable to the former. 
Treaty Of London. Among the principal so-called 
treaties of London were those in the nineteenth century, 
concluded by various European powers, as (a) in 1827, 
for the pacification of Greece; (b) in 1831, for the settle- 
ment of the Belgian question ; (c) in 1840, for the settle- 
ment of the relations between Turkey and Egypt ; (d) in 
1871, abrogating the neutrality of the Black Sea. Treaty 
Of Luneville, a treaty concluded by France with Austria 
and Germany in 1801, by which France received consider- 
able territory at the expense of Germany. Treaty of 
Nimwegen, a series of treaties concluded by France with 
the Netherlands, the empire, Sweden, etc., in 1678-9, gen- 
erally favorable to France. Treaty of Nystad, a treaty 
between Russia and Sweden in 1721, favorable to Russia. 
Treaty Of Oliva, a treaty in 1660, ending the war between 
Sweden, Poland, Brandenburg, and the emperor. Treaty 
of Paris. Among the principal treaties of Paris were (a) 
that of 1763, concluded by Great Britain with France, Spain, 
etc., by which Canada and other territories in America were 
acquired by Great Britain ; (b) that of 1814, between France 
and the allies ; (c) that of 1815, between France and the 
allies, by which France was reduced nearly to its boundaries 
of 1790; (d) that of 1856, ending theCrimean war. Treaty 
Of Passarowitz, a treaty concluded by Turkey with Aus- 
tria and Venice in 1718, generally unfavorable to Turkey. 
Treaty Of Passau, a treaty in 1552 by which the emperor 
Charles V. granted religious liberties to the Lutherans. 
Treaty Of peace, a treaty the purport of which is to 
establish or continue a condition of peace between the 
parties, usually to put an end to a state of war. Treaty 
Of Prague, (a) A treaty between the emperor Ferdinand 
II. and Saxony in 1635. (6) A treaty between Prussia and 
Austria in 1866, by which the former power succeeded the 
latter in the hegemony of Germany. Treaty Of Press- 
burg, a treaty between France and Austria in 1805, by 
whicn large concessions were made to France and its allies. 
Treaty of Kyswick, a series of treaties concluded by 
France with England, the Netherlands, Spain, and the 
empire in 1697. Treaty of San Stefano, a treaty be- 
tween Russia and Turkey, March, 1878. As its provisions 
were considered too favorable to Russia, it was superseded 
by the treaty of Berlin. Treaty Of the Pruth, a treaty 
between Turkey and Russia in 1711, favorable to the for- 
mer. Treaty of the Pyrenees, a treaty between France 
and Spain in 1659, favorable to the former. Treaty of 
Tilsit, a series of treaties concluded by France with Russia 
and Prussia in 1807. Prussia lost a large part of its ter- 
ritory. Treaty of Troyes, a treaty between France and 
England in 1420, by which Henry V. of England became 
heir to the French crown. Treaty of Utrecht, a treaty 
in 1713 which, with the treaties of Rastatt and Baden in 
1714, terminated the War of the Spanish Succession. 
Treaty Of Versailles, a treaty concluded in 1783 by 
Great Britain with France, Spain, and the United States, 
by which the independence of the United States was rec- 
ognized.- Treaty Of Vienna. The principal treaties of 
Vienna were (a) that of 1738, between France, Austria, 
etc., terminating the War of the Polish Succession; (b) 
that of 1809, between France and Austria, in favor of the 
former ; (c) that of 1815, by the congress of the European 
states, reorganizing the affairs of Europe ; (d) that of 1864, 
between Denmark and allied Austria and Prussia, end- 
ing the Schleswig-Holstein war ; (e) that of 1866, between 
Austria and Italy, by which Venetia was ceded to the latter. 
Treaty of Washington, a treaty between GreatBritain 
and the United States in 1871, which provided for the settle- 
ment of the Alabama claims by the Geneva tribunal, and 
for the settlement of the boundary and fisheries disputes. 
Treaty of Westphalia, a treaty or series of treaties in 
1648, ending the Thirty Years' War. Treaty of Zurich, 
a treaty concluded by France and Sardinia with Austria 
in 1859, by which Austria ceded Lombardy to Sardinia. 
(See Crimean, Siiesian, succession, war, etc.) 
trebblet, , ., and v. An obsolete spelling of 
treble. 
treble (treb'l), a. and n. [Early mod. E. treb- 
ble; < ME. treble, tribill, < OF. treble, treible. 
triple, < L. triplus, threefold: see triple, of 
which treble is a doublet.] I. a. 1. Threefold; 
triple. 
Regall estate, coucht in the treble crowne, 
Ancestrell all, by linage and by right. 
Puttenham, Partheniades, iii. 
A skull hid in the earth a treble age 
Shall sooner prate. Ford, Broken Heart, v. 1. 
2. In music, pertaining to the voice or the 
voice-part called treble or soprano; high in 
6452 
pitch ; in harmony, occupying the upper place : 
as, a treble voice ; a treble violin. See II. 
The case of a treble hautboy. 
Shak., 2 Hen. IV., iii. 2. 351. 
Unto the violl they danct ; . . . 
Then bespake the treble string, . . . 
"O yonder is my father the king." 
The Miller and the King's Daughter (Child's Ballads, II. 
[359). 
Bob spoke with a sharp and rather treble volubility. 
George Eliot, Mill on the Floss, iii. 6. 
Cottised treble. See cottixed. Treble clef, in musical 
notation, either a soprano clef (that is, a C clef on the 
first line cf a staff) or a violin-clef (that is, a G clef on 
the second line). See clef and staff. Treble coursing, 
in mining, the expansion of a ventilating current into 
three currents or courses. Treble cross-staff, in her., 
a crozier triple-crossed, or having the papal cross. 
Treble fltche. SeeJUcM. 
II. n. 1. In music: (a) Same as soprano 
(which see). The term arose from the fact that in 
early contrapuntal music the chief melody or cantus flr- 
mus was given to the tenor (which see), and the voice- 
parts added above were called respectively the discantus 
or alto and the treble (that is, ' third ' part) or soprano. 
Hor. Madam, my instrument's in tune. 
Bian. Let 's hear. fie ! the treble jars. 
Shak.,T. of the S., iii. 1. 39. 
Maidenlike, as far 
As I could ape their treble, did I sing. 
Tennyson, Princess, iv. 
(b) A singer with a soprano or treble voice, 
or an instrument that takes the upper part in 
concerted music. 
Rearing of Frank their son, the miller, play upon his 
treble, as he calls it, with which he earnes part of his liv- 
ing, and singing of a country song, we sat down to sup- 
per. Pepys, Diary, Sept. 17, 1663. 
Also triplex. 
2. In short whist, a game which counts three 
points to the winners, their adversaries not 
having scored. 
treble (treb'l), v. ; pret. and pp. trebled, ppr. 
trebling. [Early mod. E. also trebble; < ME. 
'treblen, trybyllen; < treble, a.] I. trans. 1. To 
make thrice as much; make threefold; multi- 
ply by three ; triple. 
ToTrybylle; triplare, triplicare. Cath. Ang., p. 393. 
Her streinth in iourneye she [Fame] trebbleth. 
Stanihurst, Km-M, iv. 
And mine was ten times trebled joy 
To hear him groan his felon soul. 
Scott, Cadyow Castle. 
2f. To utter in a high or treble tone ; hence, to 
whine. 
He outrageously 
(When I accused him) trebled his reply. 
Chapman, tr. of Homer's Hymns to Earth. 
II. intrans. To become threefold. 
Ay, now I see your father's honours 
Trebling upon you. 
Fletcher (and another), Noble Gentleman, ii. 1. 
treble-bar (treb'1-bar), n. One of certain ge- 
ometrid moths, as Anaitis plagiata : a collec- 
tors' name in England. A.paludata is the Man- 
chester treble-bar. 
treble-dated (treb'l-da"ted), a. Living three 
times as long as man. [Rare.] 
And thou, treble-dated crow. 
Shak., Phoenix and Turtle. 
trebleness (treb'1-nes), n. The state or qual- 
ity of being high in pitch; shrillness. 
The just and measured proportion of the air percussed, 
towards the baseness or trebleness of tones, is one of the 
greatest secrets in the contemplation of sounds. 
Bacon, Nat. Hist., 183. 
Compare them as to the point of their relative shrillness 
or trebleness. S. Lanier, Sci. of Eng. Verse, p. 34. 
treble-sinewed (treb'l-sin"ud), a. Having 
thrice the ordinary strength. [Rare.] 
I will be treble-sinew'd, hearted, breathed, 
And fight maliciously. 
Shak., A. and C., ill. 13. 178. 
treblet (treb'let), n. [< treble + -et. Cf. trip- 
let.] Same as triblet. 
treble-tree (treb'1-tre), . In vehicles, a triple 
whiffletree; a combination of whiffletrees for 
three horses ; a three-horse equalizer. 
trebly (treb'li), adv. In a treble manner; in a 
threefold number or quantity; triply: as, a 
good deed trebly recompensed. 
Then bring an opiate trebly strong. 
Tennyson, In Memoriam, Ixxi. 
trebuchet (treb'u-shet), n. [Formerly also tre- 
buchet; ME. 'trebuchet, tribochet, trepeget, trep- 
get, trepgette, trebgot , < OF. trebuchet, trebuquet, 
trabuquet, F. trebuchet (= Pr. trabuquet = Sp. 
Pg. trabuquete = It. trabocchftto, ML. trebu- 
chetum), a military engine for throwing stones, 
a pitfall for beasts or birds, a kind of balance, 
trechour 
a trebuchet; < OF. trebiicher, trnbiichcr, tres- 
buclier, F. trebticher = Pr. trabucar, trasbiielmr, 
trebucar = Sp. trabucar = Pg. trabucar, tra- 
boccare, stumble, tumble, OF. also overbalance, 
overweigh ; prob. < L. trims, over, + OF. hue, the 
trunk of the body, < OHG. bull, fir. baneti, belly: 
see iowfci.] 1. In medieval warfare, a missile 
engine resembling the ballista. It was used espe- 
cially by besiegers, for making a breach or for casting 
"B 
D D 
Trebuchet as described and figured in the Alburn of Villard de 
Honnecourt, I3th century. (From Viollet-le-Duc's "Diet, du Mobi- 
lier francais.") 
The weight C (a box filled with stones or earth) acted to keep the 
lever in a vertical position, AB. The lever was drawn backward 
to the position A'B by a tackle acting on the pulley F, which was 
hooked at E to the traveling pulley I. A pin at II kept these hooks 
in place, and when knocked out released the lever. The cords of the 
tackle passed over the windlasses D. which were worked by the hand- 
spikes a, a, acting in the directions b, d. The projectile was held in 
the pocket or bag M. As the lever flew up to the vertical, this pocket 
was whirled around like a sling. It is supposed that a cord P checked 
this rotary motion and released the projectile suddenly, the length of 
the cord determining the angle of the projectile's night. 
stones and othermissiles into beleaguered towns and cas- 
tles. It consisted of a beam called the verge, turning on 
a horizontal axis supported upon uprights. At one end 
of the verge was fixed a heavy weight, and at the other a 
sort of sling to contain the projectile a device which 
greatly increased its force. To discharge the engine, the 
loaded end of the verge was drawn back by means of a 
windlass, and suddenly let go. It was possible to attain 
with the trebuchet great accuracy of fire. Prince Louis 
Napoleon, afterward Napoleon III., caused to be con- 
structed in 1850 a model trebuchet which gave remarkable 
results. 
"Nay, Will," quod that wyjt, "wend thou no ferther, 
But lyue as this lyf is ordeyned for the ; 
Thou tomblest with a trepget gif thou my tras folwe." 
Pien Plowman (A), xii. 91. 
Withoute stroke it mote be take 
Of trepeget or mangonel. 
Rom. of the Rose, 1. 6279. 
2. A kind of balance or scales used in weigh- 
ing coins or other small articles, the pan con- 
taining which tilts over if the balance is not 
exact. 
The French pattern of trebuchet, or tilting scale, now 
largely manufactured here. Lea, Photography, p. 420. 
3. A kind of trap for catching small birds or 
animals by the tilting of the part on which the 
bait is placed. 4. A cucking-stool. 
She [a common scold) may be indicted, and, if con- 
victed, shall be sentenced to be placed in a certain en- 
gine of correction called the trebucket, castigatory, or 
cucking-stool. Blackstone, Com., IV. xiii. 
trebuckett, . Same as trebuchet. 
trecentist (tra-chen'tist), n. [< It. trecentista, 
< trecento, q. v.] An admirer or imitator of the 
productions of Italian art or literature in the 
fourteenth century ; a follower of the style of 
the trecento. 
Antonio Cesari (died in 1828) was the chief of the Tre- 
centists, a school which carried its love of the Italian au- 
thors of the 14th century to affectation. 
Amer. Cyc, IX. 464. 
trecento (tra-chen'to), n. [It., three hundred, 
used for 'thirteen hundred' (cf. cinque-cento), 
< L. tres, three, + centum, hundred: see three 
and cent."] The fourteenth century in Italian 
art and literature : used with reference to the 
distinguishing styles or characteristics of the 
productions of Italian artists or writers of that 
period. 
trechometer (tre-kom'e-ter), n. [Irreg. < Gr. 
rpexetv, run, + fiirpov, measure.] An odometer, 
or contrivance for reckoning the distance run. 
especially by vehicles. 
trechourti Same as treacher. 
