treck 
treck 1 (trek), r. t. See truck*. 
treck'-', '. inn! a. Sec ti-t-k. 
treck-pot (trek'pot), . Same as track-put. 
treckschuyt (trek'skoit), . Same as tn-l;- 
.il'linit. 
tre COrde (tra kor'de). [It., three strings: ti; . 
< L. tres, three; mnli; pi. of rorda, string: see 
chiii'ilfi'tirdl. ] In iiitiiiofortc mimic, three string: 
usoil as a direi'tioii ti> iliscnntiime the use of 
tlin soft pcihil ami count erai't a previous uiia 
treddle 1 , . See treudli-. 
treddle- (tred'l), n. [< ME. tri<M, tin-del, < 
AS. li/rilil. dim. of tord : see liinl. ] 1. Dung of 
sheep or of hares, llnlliniil. [ 1'rov. Kng.] 
2. A prostitute ; a strumpet, nrd. [Slang.] 
trede-fowlet, . A variant of tread-fowl. Cliau- 
1-1 r. 
tredille, tredrille (tre-dir, -dril'), w. [Also 
tradrille; appar. formed in imitation of qua- 
drille, < L. tri'H, three, + -dille, -drille.'] A game 
at cards for three persons. 
I was playing at elghteen-penny tredrille with the 
Duchess of Newcastle and Lady Browne. 
Walpole, To H. 8. Con way, Sept. 27, 1774. 
tree (tre), w.; pi. trees, formerly also treen. [< 
ME. tree, tre, treo, treou, tretc, troic, < AS. treo, 
tredw, tridw (pi. treowu, tredw, tr6o) = ONorth. 
tred, tre, treto = OS. trio, treo (tretc-) = OFries. 
tre = MD. tree = Icel. tre = Sw. tra, wood, 
triid, tree, = Norw. tre = Dan. trte = Goth. 
tritt (trite-), a tree, also wood, a piece of wood 
(both senses appar. existing in all the languages 
cited) ; not in HG. except as in the derived word 
cognate with E. tar 1 (for the ordinary G. word, 
see holt 1 )( Teut. \/ trew = Indo-Eur. dene-, dorw-, 
dru-) ; = W. dertc, also ddr (pi. deri) = Olr. 
dair (gen. darach), daur (gen. daro, dara), later 
Ir. darog, darag = OGael. dair, an oak; = 
(a) OBulg. drievo = Serv. drijevo = Bohem. 
drshero = Pol. drzeyso, a tree, = Upper Serbian 
drevo, wood, = Little Russ. derevo, drevo = 
White Russ. drevo = Russ. derevo, drevo, a tree, 
= Lith. derva, resinous wood (see tar 1 ); (6) 
OBulg. driiva, wood, = Slovenian drva, wood, 
= BuTg. druco, tree, druna, wood, = Serv. drvo, 
tree, drva, wood, = Bohem. drva, wood, = Pol. 
drwa, wood, = Little Russ. dryva, dyrta = White 
Russ. drovtj = Russ. (front, wood (orig. Slavic 
"dervo, tree, "druvo, chiefly in plural, wood) ; = 
Or. opvf, a tree, esp. an oak-tree, 66pv (orig. 
**pe), wood, timber, a spear, = Skt. ddru, wood, 
a species of pine, dru, wood, = Zend dru, wood. 
By some explained as orig. 'a piece of wood 
peeled ' or stripped of the bark ; but the con- 
nection with Gr. Jcpeiv, skin, flay (= E. tear 1 ), is 
phonetically impossible and notionally improb- 
able, as the sense ' tree' is equally early in the 
records, and must have been earlier in fact; a 
standing tree would hardly derive its name from 
a name first given to a tree cut down and cut to 
pieces. Hence ult. tar 1 and prob. trough 1 .'] 1. 
A perennial plant which grows from the ground 
with a single permanent woody self-supporting 
trunk or stem, ordinarily to a height of at least 
25 or 30 feet. The line which divides trees from shrubs 
is largely arbitrary, and dependent upon habit rather than 
size, the tree having a single trunk usually unbranched for 
some distance above the ground, while a shrub has usu- 
ally several stems from the same root and each without a 
proper trunk. (SeeiAruii.) Certain trees are anomalous 
or ambiguous In various respects. One is the giant cactus, 
with its columnar woody stem (see saguaro) ; another is 
the tree-fern. Some vines are of such dimensions as to 
form climbing trees as, for example, species of Metro- 
tideras in New Zealand, which at length destroy the sup- 
porting tree and stand In Its place. The banana and plan- 
tain, though transient and somewhat herbaceous, are called 
trees from their size. In a special use a low plant (as a 
rose) trained into tree-form is called a tree. A large 
trained vine Is also sometimes so called. In genera], trees 
are either endogenous or exogenoits, by far the greater num- 
ber both of individualsand of species belonging to the lat- 
ter class. Those of which the whole foliage falls off period- 
ically, leaving them hare in winter, are called deciduous; 
those of which the foliage falls only partially, a fresh crop 
of leaves being always supplied before the mature leaves 
are exhausted, are callea evergreen. Trees are also dis- 
tinguished as nuciferous, or nut-bearing ; bacc(ft r rou*, or 
berry-bearing; coniferous, or cone-bearing, etc. Some are 
forest-trees, and useful for timber or fuel ; others are fruit- 
trees, and cultivated in gardens and orchards ; others 
serve chiefly for shade and ornament. 
Be It by ensample in somer-tyme on trowes, 
There somme bowes ben leued and somme bereth none. 
Piers Plowman (B), xv. 94. 
Then In the Forests should huge boughes be seen 
Born with the bodies of vnplanted Treen. 
Sylvester, tr. of Du Bartas's Weeks, 1. 2. 
2. A figure resembling a tree. Specifically (a) A 
figure drawn In the outline form of a tree, to receive the 
record of the root or source, main stem, and branches of 
a family ; specifically called a genealogical or family tree. 
6463 
In whose capacious hall, 
HUNK with a hmi'lrril -hi- !iU ll. 
- finiii tin ini'tlilt of :i proslntti- kinu'. 
Tennytmi, Aylluer's field. 
('I A natural figuration having more or leu resemblance 
to a trrr, MMOMd by or appearing on the surface of some 
substances under certain conditions, (c) In math., a dia- 
gram composed of branching lines, (d) In electrolytic 
i-i IK :i f i million of tree-like groups of crystals projecting 
from the plates. In some forms of storage batteries these 
tree-formations are apt to give trouble by short-circuit Ing 
the cells. 
3. A gallows or gibbet; especially, the cross 
on wliirli Christ was crucified. 
Whom they slew and hanged on a tree. Acts x. 80. 
But give to me your daughter dear, 
And, by the Holy Tret, 
Be she on sea or on the land, 
111 bring her back to thee. Vhittier. 
4. The material of a tree ; wood ; timber. 
In a greet hous ben not onell vessels of gold and of nil 
uer, bat also of tree and of erthe. Wyelif, 2 Tim. li. 20. 
For wel ye knowe a lord In his houshold 
Ne hath nat every vessel al of gold ; 
Somme been of tree and doon hlr lord servyse. 
Chaucer, Prol. to Wife of Bath's Tal, 1. 101. 
No stone worke is In vse, their roofes of rafters bee. 
One linked In another fast, their wals are all of tree. 
Hatluyt'i Voyage*, I. 386. 
St. A piece of wood; a stick; specifically, a 
staff or cudgel. 
f.ytell Johan toke none other mesure 
But his bowe tre. 
Lytttt (:>, of Robyn Mode (Child's Ballads, V. 67). 
Anes I slew his sisters son, 
And on Ills breist-bane brak a tree. 
Johnie Armstrong (Child's Ballads, VI. 49). 
6. In niech., one of numerous pieces or fram- 
ings of wood technically so called : generally in 
composition, but sometimes used separately in 
connection with an explanatory context. For 
those used in vehicles, see axletree, doubletree, 
stcingletrce, whiffetree, etc. ; for those in ships, 
chess-tree, crosstree, trestletree, etc. ; for others, 
boot-tree, saddletree, etc. 
They vse sadles made of wood & sinewes, with the tree 
gilded. llatluyt's Voyages, I. 314. 
All gloves are better and more shapely If dried on glove- 
trees or wooden hands. Workshop Receipts, 2d ser., p. 123. 
Abba-tree, species of the fig in western Africa, to which 
attention has recently been called as sources of india-rub* 
her. Barrel-tree. Same at bottle-tree. tt* tree. See 
Mpi and Sequoia. Blueberry- tree. See ayopontm. 
Christmas tree. Nee Christmas Dominant branch 
Of a tree, in math. See dominant. Genealogical tree. 
See def. 2 (a) and genealogic. Geometrical tree, a dia- 
gram like a graph. Holy tree. See holy. Mammoth 
tree. SameasW</fr. Nephritic tree. See jtephritic. 
Respiratory tree. Sec respiratory. St. Thomas 
tree. See saint I. Santa Maria tree, the calaba-tree, 
Calophyllum Calaba, of tropical America. It affords a 
reddish straight-grained timber, thought to be a suitable 
substitute for the plainer kinds of mahogany. Stinging 
tree. Same as nettle-tree, 2. Three treest. See three. 
To bark up the wrong tree. See barki. Top of the 
tree. See iopi.-Tree calf. See coi/i.- Tree-felling 
engine, a portable engine with saws, employed in felling 
trees. Tree of Buddha, the bo-tree. Tree of chastity, 
Vitex Aymta-cairtug. See a'jnux caftut, under aynu*. 
Tree of heaven. See Ailantus. Tree of Jesse. See 
./' - i . Tree of Liberty, a tree planted or transplanted 
to commemorate the gaining of political liberty, as in 
France at the time of the Revolution. Tree of life, (a) 
According to the account in Genesis II. 9, etc., a tree grow- 
ing In the midst of the garden of Eden, as a provision for 
the unending life of man so long as he remained in a state 
of innocence, and hence as a symbol of the source of 
heavenly immortality In a future existence. 
Lest he ... take also of the tree of life, and eat, and 
live forever. Gen. Hi 22. 
(ft) Same as arbor-vita, 1. (c) In anat., the arbor-vibe of 
the cerebellum. Tree of long life, Leptosprrmum {Ola- 
phyria) nitidum, a small tree in the high mountains of 
the F.astern Archipelago, whose leaves furnish Bencoolen 
or Malay tea : thus called by the natives, apparently in 
allusion to Its hardiness Tree of Porphyry, a logical 
diagram illustrating the relations of subordinate genera. 
Tree of the gods. Sameafwo/Anrii. See above. 
Tree of the knowledge of good and evil, according 
to the account in Genesis, a tree placed, with the tree of 
life, In the midst of the garden of F.den, and bearing the 
forbidden fruit the eating of which by Adam and Eve, un- 
der the persuasion of the serpent, destroyed their primal 
Innocence and caused their expulsion from the earthly 
paradise. Tree of the magicians, a solanaceous tree of 
Chill, Aenistus ( Lyeioptesium) pubijtana. Treat, of Hot. 
Tree of the universe. See Yggdraril. Trembling tree. 
See tremble. Triple tree. See triple. Tyburn tree, 
the gallows ; a glboet. Up a tree, cut off from escape ; 
obliged to surrender ; cornered; entrapped; nonplussed. 
[Colloq.] 
He was deploring the dreadful predicament In which he 
found himself, in a house full of old women. . . . "Reg'- 
larly up a tree, by jingo!" exclaimed the modest boy, who 
could not face the gentlest of her sex. 
Thackeray, Vanity Fair, xxxlv. 
Weeping tree, a tree of a weeping habit See weeping. 
= Svn. 1. Shrub, Bush, etc. See vegetable. 
tree (tre), r. [< tree, n.] I. trans. 1. To drive 
into a tree, as a hunted animal fitted for climb- 
ing, such as animals of the cat kind, racoons. 
tree-creeper 
O|)8iimfl, and squirrel*; ci>ni|icl to take p 
in a tree, MS it man lleeing from wolves. 
l'oll> . . . (-ilil in liuw . . . -Mir.- II.T iiinlln-r . . . had 
trf'l a palntrr, and kept him up in lilt* jnt< h fm hours by 
threatening him win n.-\. r In- uii.-n-d i il'.wn, mi- 
til hi-r husband came home and xlmt him 
//. /(. Nfw, llMtimn. p. 357. 
2. Hence, figuratively, to deprive of the power 
of resistance ; place at the mercy of an oppo- 
nent; corner. [Colloq.] 
You are tned, and you can't help yourself. 
//. KimjiUu, (leoffry llatiilyn, v. 
3. To form orshape on a treo made for the par- 
ticular IIHO: as, to '/'" a boot. 
The process of crimping, treeiivj, etc., In the manufac- 
turing of leather Into boot* and shoes. 
C. T. Daeit, Leather, p. 418. 
II. intrant. 1. To take refuge in a tree, as 
a hunted animal. [Rare.] 
Betide* treeiny. the [wild] cat w 111 take advantage of some 
hole In the ground, and disappear, as suddenly as ghost* at 
cock-crowing. 
T. B. Thorpe, Backwoods, p. ISO. (Bartlett.) 
2t. To grow to the size of a tree. Fuller. 3. 
To take the form of a tree, or a tree-like shape, 
as a metal deposited from a solution of one of 
its salts under the action of an electric current. 
It will not prevent treeiny; and therefore It will not 
cure that defect, which Is one of the most serious defects 
of the Kauri- battery. Science, IV. KK. 
tree-agate (tre'ag'at), . A variety of agate 
with red, brown, or black dendritic or tree-like 
markings, found in ludia and Brazil. An artifi- 
cial product so named is made by staining chalcedony or 
natural agate with tree-like markings. 
tree-aloe (tre'al'6), H. An aloe-plant, Aloe di- 
chotoma, of southwestern Africa. The hollowed 
stem serves as a quiver for poisoned arrows, whence It Is 
also called auicer-tne. 
tree-asp (tre'asp), n. A venomous serpent of 
the family Dendraspidtdte. See cut under Den- 
draspis. 
tree-azalea (tre'a-za'le-ll), n. A shrub or small 
tree, Khododcndfon arborescent, of the A:alca 
section of that genus, found in the mountains 
from Pennsylvania to Georgia. It has very fra- 
grant rose-colored flowers. Also smooth azalea. 
tree-bear (tre'bar). n. The racoon. [Local, 
U.S.] 
tree-beard (tre'berd), n. A South American 
name of the long-moss, Tillandsia ttsneoides. 
See long-moss, and cut under Tillandsia. 
tree-beetle (tre'be'tl), n. One of various bee- 
tles which feed on trees and shrubs : not spe- 
cific. 
tree-boa (tre'bo'ft), n. An arboricole boa or 
anaconda ; a large tree-climbing serpent of the 
family Boidte. 
tree-bug (tre'bug), . Oneof numerous differ- 
ent hemipterous insects which feed on trees 
and shrubs by sucking the juices, especially 
of the family Pentatomidte. Rhaphigatur penntyl- 
tanicus is the large green tree-bug : Anna modesta Is the 
modest tree-bug ; and Pentatoma ligata Is the bound tree- 
bug. Compare tree-hopper. 
tree-cabbage (tre'kab'aj), n. See cabbage 1 , 1. 
tree-cactus (tre'kak'tus). H. The saguaro, and 
perhaps other large cacti. 
tree-calf (tre'kaf ), n. See tree calf, under calfi. 
tree-cat (tre'kat), n. A palm-cat or paradoxure. 
tree-celandine (tre'sel'an-din), n. See cf/an- 
dine. 
tree-climber (tre'kli'mer), n. Any animal, etc., 
which habitually climbs trees, (a) A tree-creeper. 
(6) The climbing-perch, A nabas tcandeni. See Anabat. 
tree-clipper (tre'klip'er), . A tree-creeper. 
[Local, Eng.] 
tree-clover (tre'klo'ver), H. The sweet clover, 
Me Hiatus alba, and perhaps other species. 
tree-coffin (tre'kof'in), H. A coffin made by 
hollowing out a section of a tree-trunk. 
At Stowborongh, Dorsetshire, where a body was discov- 
ered in 1767 in a tree-cofn. It appeared to have been 
wrapped in skins. Gretnvell, British Barrows, p. 82, note 1. 
tree-copal (tre'ko'pal), n. Same as anime, 2. 
tree-coral (tre'kor'aT), n. An arborescent po- 
lypidom, as madrepore. 
tfee-COtton (tre'kot'n), H. A perennial cot- 
ton-plant, Gossypium arboreutn, becoming a 
shrub or low tree, widely cultivated in East 
Indian gardens, but scarcely grown for fiber. 
Beneath the white wool the seeds are covered 
with a dense green down. 
tree-coupling (tre'kup'ling), n. In a vehicle, 
a piece uniting a swingletree to a doubletree. 
E. H. Knight. 
tree-crab (tre'krab), n. A certain land-crab, 
HIK/HS latro. See cut under palm-crab. 
tree-creeper (tre'kre'per), H. One of many dif- 
ferent birds which creep up and down or about 
