"trivium 
era, taken collectively and distinguished from 
the two posterior ones taken together. See 
Irivium, and cut under Spatungoula. 
trivoltin (tri-vol'tin), . [< L. tres (tri-), three, 
+ It. I'olto, turn : see volfl.] A race of the silk- 
worm of commerce (Sericaria mori) which has 
three annual generations, thus producing three 
crops of cocoons each year; also, such a silk- 
worm. Also trivolUne. 
triweekly (tri- wek'li), a. [<tri-+ weekly.] 1. 
Occurring, performed, or appearing once every 
three weeks. 2. Less correctly, occurring, 
performed, or appearing thrice a week: as, a 
triweekly newspaper. 
Trixagidae (trik-saj'i-de), n. pi. A family of 
beetles : same as Throscidx. 
Trixagus (trik'sa-gus), . [NL., < Gr. Tptf6f, 
var. of rptaafif, rpirrof, threefold (< rpel; (rpi-), 
three), + ayeiv, drive, do.] A genus of beetles : 
same as Throscus. 
trizoraal (tri-zo'mal), a. [For *trirhizomal, < 
Gr. rpelf (rpi-), three, + f>i$u/ia, root, + -al.] 
6494 
years before that as Turdus ckinensis by Osbeck. The ge- 
nus is also called Pterocyclus and Leucodioptron. 
trochanter (tro-kan'ter), . [= F. trocanter, 
< NL. trochanter, < Gr. rpoxavrf/p, the ball on 
which the hip-bone turns in its socket, < Tpcx ci '", 
run: see trochus.] 1. In anat. and zool., a tu- 
berosity, protuberance, or apophysis of the up- 
per part of the femur or thigh-bone, for the in- 
sertion of various muscles which flex, extend, 
or rotate the limb. There may be one (elephant), two 
(usually), or three (horse) such processes ; in man there are 
two, called the greater and the lesser trochanter, the former 
for the gluteal muscles and those collectively called rota- 
tors, the latter for the psoas and iliacus. In birds the great 
trochanter enters into the construction of the hip-joint, as 
a shoulder of the femur which abuts against the ilium. 
Trochanters commonly have an independent center of os- 
sification, and are therefore of the nature of epiphyses. See 
cuts under epiphysis and- femur. 
2. In entom., the second joint of an insect's 
leg, succeeding the coxa. The trochanter is some- 
times two-jointed, in which case the proximal one of its 
two joints takes the name of trochantin, the other being 
the trochanter proper. See cut under coxa. Intercept- 
\ji. i //cti, \^tfjt-j, uinoo, i p^wft-u., i <MM, -r -at.j ing trochanter. See intercept. 
Formed of the sum of three square roots Tri- trochanterian (tro-kan-te'ri-an), a. [< tro- 
zomal curve, a curve whose equation is chanter + -i-au.] Of or pertaining to the greater 
Vix + -/0Y +i/yZ = 0< trochanter of the femur. 
where a, ft v are parameters, and X, Y, Z three curves of trochanteric (tro-kan-ter'ik), a. [< trochanter 
the same system. + -it-] Of or pertaining to a trochanter, in any 
troadt, n. An obsolete spelling of trode. sense ; trochanterian or trochantinian : as, a tro- 
troat (trot), v. i. [Said to be imitative.] To chanteric tuberosity Trochanteric fossa. Same 
cry as a buck in rutting-time. as Aigiial fossa (which see, under digital). 
troat (trot), n. [< troat, v.] The cry of a buck trochantin, trqchantine (tro-kan'tin), n. [< 
in rutting-time. trochanl(er) + -*>(!.] 1. In anat. and goal., the 
trobelliont, n. [ME., < OF. "trobellion, "torbel- lesser trochanter of the femur. 2. In entom., 
lion, < L. turbella, a bustle, stir, < turba, a bus- the first or proximal One of two joints of which 
tie, stir, disturbance : see trouble.] A storm ; tne trochanter may consist (see trochanter, 2). 
disturbance. Merlin (E. E. T. S.), ii. 324. Jt is often united with the coxa. 
trocar (tro'kar), n. [Also trochar ; < F. trocar, trochantinian (tro-kan-tin'i-an), a. [< trochan- 
trocart, also trois-quurts (as if involving quart, tin + -*-] Of or pertaining to the lesser tro- 
a quarter), < trois, three, + carre, side, face, chanter of the femur. 
OF. quarre, a square : see three and square 1 .] trochar, n. See trocar. 
A surgical instrument used for withdrawing trochate (tro'kat), a. [< NL. "trochatus, < Gr. 
fluid from the body in cases of dropsy, hydro- T !>X^, a wheel: see trochus.] 1. Same as tro- 
cele, etc. It consists of a perforator, or stylet, and a c ' m '> 1 -~ 2 - Trochiferous ; provided with a tro- 
cannula. After the puncture is made the stylet is with- chal organ. 
drawn, and the cannula remains for the escape of the fluid, troche 1 (troch or trok; commonly tro'ke: see 
Trochacea (tro-ka'se-a), n. pi. Same as Tro- etym.), n. [< NL. "trochus, a circular tablet, < 
chid_ss.^ Gr.rpoxof, aroundcake, a pill: see trochus. The 
trochaic (tro-ka ik), a. and n. [= F. trochaique, word troche, for which no corresponding forms 
< L. trochaicus, < Gr. Tpo X alK6c., pertaining to or are found in the Rom. languages (they use, in- 
consisting of trochees,< Tpo X aio;, a trochee : see stead, forms corresponding to the dim. trochisk, 
trochee.] I. a. 1. Pertaining to or character- q. v .), seems to have been formed in E. directly 
istic of a trochee: as, trochaic rhythm. 2. f rom the NL. or Gr. In the absence of a vernac- 
Constituting or equivalent to a trochee : as, a 
trochaic foot. 3. Consisting or composed of 
trochees: as, trochaic verses. Trochaic verse is 
measured by dipodies, of the form -= ~ =. In ancient 
metrics the dipody is the shortest and the hexapody the 
longest trochaic colon, and the tetrameter catalectic (see 
tetrameter) the most usual meter. In English poetry tro- 
chaic meter is not infrequent in hymns and lyrics, and in 
Longfellow's "Hiawatha" the dimeter (tetrapody) is used 
throughout, as in the Kalevala, as a narrative (epic) meter. 
See ithyphallic, octonarius, scazon, septenarius. Trochaic 
cesura. See cesura. 
II. a. A trochaic verse or period. 
trochaical (tro-ka'i-kal), a. [< trochaic + -al.] 
Same as trochaic. 
ular pronunciation and of obvious analogies, va- 
rious pronunciations have been given to it : () 
troch, as if from a F. "troche, not found in this 
sense (though existing in the plural, as a hunt- 
ing-term, troches, fumets, the (round) droppings 
of deer) ; (6) trosh, supposed to be a more exact 
rendering of the assumed F. "troche; (c) trok, 
an E. accommodation of the NL. "troclius 
(tro'kus), Gr. rpoxos; (ft) tro'ke, an erroneous 
pronunciation now common, appar. due to con- 
fusion with trochee, or to a notion that the word 
is NL. "troche, < Gr. rpox'l (which exists only as 
a by-form of rpojof, course), (e) A more exact 
" 
Trochilinae 
followed by an unaccented syllable. The trochee of Greek 
and Latin poetry ( | >-) consists of a long time or syllable, 
forming the thesis (or metrically accented part of the foot), 
succeeded by a short as arsis, and is accordingly trisemic 
and diplasic. Its resolved form is the (trochaic) tribrach 
(j w | -). in the even places of a trochaic line an irra- 
tional trochee or spondee is frequently substituted for 
the normal trochee (-= - for - ~), as also in the so-called 
"basis" of logaosdic verse. The irrational trochee may 
take an apparently anapestic form (- w _ for -* - for -^ ~). 
This foot receives its names of trochee (running) and choree 
or choreas (dancing) from its rapid movement and fitness 
to accompany dances. Trochee semantus, in anc. pros., 
one of the greater feet, consisting of three double or tetra- 
semic longs, the first two of which belong to the thesis 
and the last to the arsis. Compare orthiits. 
Trochidse (trok'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < Trochus + 
-iilee.] A family of rhipidoglossate gastropods, 
typified by the genus Trochus; the top-shells. 
They have the foot moderately broad, the epipodium 
fringed with lobes or tentacular filaments, the tentacles 
elongate and simple, the eyes pedunculated at the outer 
bases of the tentacles, a pair of intertentacular appendages, 
and a spiral, generally conic, shell with a rhombiform aper- 
ture closed by a multispiral corneous operculum. It is a 
large group of marine shells, many of which exhibit a bril- 
liant nacre or ornamentation. See cuts under Monodoitta, 
operculum, radula, top-shell, and Trochus. 
trochiform (tro'ki-form), a. [< NL. trochus, a 
top, + L. forma, form.] In conch., specifically, 
of the form of a top-shell; belonging or allied 
to the Troch idee. 
trochil (tro'kil), n. [= F. trochile = It. tro- 
chilo, < L. trocMtus: see trochihi.^. Cf. thrall.] 
The trochilus. See trochihtsl, 1 (a). 
He [the crocodile) opens his chaps to let the Trochil pick 
his teeth, which give it feeding. 
Sir T. Herbert, Travels, p. 323. 
Trochili (trok'i-H), n. pi. Same as Trochilidse. 
trochilic (tro-kil'ik), a. and n. [< Gr. Tpox'ihoi;, 
rpoxAia, a revolving cylinder, a pulley, < rpe- 
Xeiv, run: see trochilus 2 .] I. . Pertaining to or 
characterized by rotary motion; having power 
to draw out or turn round. [Bare.] 
Thus farre had I proceeded in names, when it was hie 
time to stay, for I am aduertised that there is one which 
by arte trochilict will drawe all English surnames of the 
best families oute of the pitte of poetrie, as Bourchier 
from Busyris the tyrant of jfigypt. 
Carnden, Remains, Surnames. 
Il.t n. The doctrine of the composition of 
circular motions. 
trochilics (tro-kil'iks), n. [PI. of trochilic (see 
-ics).] The science of rotary motion. [Rare.] 
For the better conceiving of this invention, it is requisite 
that we rightly understand some principles in trochHics, 
or the art of wheel-instruments. Willrim, Dsedalus, xiv. 
Trqchilidae (tro-kil'i-de), re. pi, [NL., < Tro- 
chilus 1 + -idee.] A family of tenuirostral mac- 
rochirous picarian birds peculiar to America, 
whose typical genus is Trochilus; the humming- 
trochal (trp'kal), a. [< NL. "trochalis, < trochus, E. form of the Gr. term would be "troch (trok), 
< Gr. rpoxof, a wheel (cf. Gr. rpoxaMf, running, after the analogy of stich, the only other in- 
round, < Tpoxoq, awheel): see trochus.] 1. stance, and that technical or rare, of an E. mon- 
Wheel-like; rotiform; discoidal: as, a trochal psyllable from a Gr. word ending in -x-f (other 
disk or organ (see below). Also trochate. 2. instances are polysyllables, as distich, tetrastich, 
Having a trochal disk or organ ; trochate; tro- acrostic 1 for "acrostich, etc.).] A small circu- 
chiferous. 3. Encircling or surrounding, like lar cake, as a lozenge or other form of tablet 
the tire of a wheel or the rim of a disk : as, a composed of some medicinal ingredients mixed 
trochal set of cilia. 4. Revolving; spinning into a paste with sugar and mucilage, and dried, 
like a top ; trochilic . Trochal disk, in Rotifera the xt ta intended to be gradually dissolved in the mouth, and 
slowly swallowed, as a demulcent, especially to allay irri- 
tation of the throat. 
Take of Benjamin six ounces, wood of aloes eight 
ounces, styrax catamite three ounces, musk half a dram, 
orrice two ounces, sugar candy three pound ; powder 
them, and with rose-water make troches. 
Cosmeticks<l6W>), p. 138. (HalKu-ell.) 
troche 2 !, " [< OF. trocher, branch. Cf. troch- 
ig.] To branch. 
Whan he [a hart] hath (rocked on that one partye .iiij. 
and on the other .v., than is he of .xvj. of defaunte. Whan 
he is trochid on bothe sydes .v., than is he of .xvj. atte f ulle. 
Rel. Antiq., 1. 151. 
oral organ characteristic of the rotifers ; the wheel of the Teste de cerf troche'e [F.], tracked or whose top is divided 
wheel-animalcules ; the velum. into three or four small branches. Cotgrave. 
(trok-a-lop'te-ron), n. [NL. trochee (tro'ke), . [Formerly also, as L., tro- 
Afi\ -< r ' a -/ ly ek , a ^pteritm (Agassiz, c h xus; _ p. trochee = Sp. troqueo = Pg. It. tro- 
1846), < Gr. rpo X aA6c, round ( < Tpo x o f , a wheel), c keo, < L. trochieus, a trochee, also a tribrach, < 
f~t '-, 
Trochal Disks of Various Rotifers, showing arrangement of the cilia. 
I. II, larval and adult I.acinularm ; III, Philon ; IV Brackio- 
nus ; \,Slefh<inoceros. .V.anus; M, mouth ; G, ganglion. 
Hainan ; the species are 25 or 30. Most of them have been 
properly identified only of late years, as T. canorum, the 
so-called Chinese thrush of Latham (1783), described many 
two syllables, the first long or accented and 
the second short or unaccented. The trochee of 
modern or accentual versification consists of an accented 
Loddigesia mirabUis, one of the Trochilidie. 
birds or colibris. See humminy-bird (with cut), 
for description, and cuts under Atthis, Calypte, 
Docimastes, Eriocnemis, Eutoxeres, snppho, shear- 
tail, Spathura, sun-gem, and thornbill. 
trochilidine (tro-ki'l'i-din), a. [< Trochilidse + 
-iwe 1 .] Of orpertainingtothe Trochilidse or hum- 
ming-birds: as, trochilidine literature. Coues. 
trochilidist (tro-kil'i-dist), u. [< Trochilidie + 
-ist.] A monographer of humming-birds; one 
who is versed in the study of the Trochilidse. 
Eneyc. Brit., XII. 358. 
Trochiliidset (trok-i-li'i-de), n.pl. [NL. (West- 
wood, 1843), < Trochilium + -idee.] A family 
of moths ; the clear-winged hawk-moths. See 
MfjeriiAx and Sesiidaz, 
Trochilinae (trok-i-li'ne), n. pi. [NL., < Tro- 
chilus 1 , 2, + -inee.] If. The humming-birds. 
Same as Trochilidse. 2. One of the subfamilies 
of Trochilidse, containing most of the species. 
