trough 
to the direction of motion, at wliieh tin- barometer has 
n Mc-hi -,| ii , lowest point, and ial I In i is,- 1 M V-shaped 
deprtuiaill the advancing troQflll is frequently associated 
with :l roim-idrnt :nlvalit'iny line of w|il;dls. 
trough (ti'of), V. [< trniii/li, ii.] I. i;itV,i.v. To 
feed grossly, as a hog from a trough. Itirhard- 
m.<'l;irissu llarlowf, VIII. 168. 
II. Irioix. To niiikr into n trough, or Into tlic 
shape of a trough. 1'nn-. .S'w. 1'xi/chii'nl />'<- 
xnircli, III. 4ol. 
trough-battery (trof'bat'er-i), n. A form of 
voltaic buttery in which the glass or porcelain 
crlls iirc ri-|,]acci| liy a trough of wood or other 
insulating material divided into sections by 
insulating plates. Cruikshank's trough-battery con- 
sists of n trough of baked wood divided into eells by me- 
tallic part it ions consisting of a plate of zinc and a plate of 
copper soldered back to !>: k 
trough-fault (trof'falt), . In geol., two faults 
having nearly the game direction, but dipping 
toward each other, so that the mass of rock in- 
rliidrd between them has more or less of the 
form of a wedge. The fault-block In such cases Is tri- 
angular in cross-section, instead of being rectangular, as 
it would !.. if the faults both had the same dip. 
trough-gutter (trdf'gut'er), . A trough-shaped 
gutter below the eaves of buildings. 
trough-room (tr6f rom), n. In fish-culture, a 
hatching-house. 
trough-shell (trof'shel), n. A round clam; a 
member of the Afaclridee (where see cut), espe- 
cially the British Mactra solida and M. xtul- 
toruin. These have a shell of nearly triangular form, 
with thick opaque valves covered with brownish eplder 
mis ; a V-shaped cardinal tooth is in one valve, with a 
Inn- lateral tooth on each side, fitting into deep grooves 
i if the opposite valve. Both species live burled In the 
s:uiil near low-water mark. In some places they are es- 
teemed for the table, and In the Netherlands the shells are 
much used for making roads and paths. 
troult (trol), v. and M. An obsolete form of trolP-. 
trounce (trouns), v. t.; pret. and pp. trounced, 
ppr. troiiHciiitj. [Early mod. E. trounse; < OF. 
troncer, cut, mutilate, = Sp. tronzar, shatter, < 
( )F. trinicf, a piece of timber, tranche, a great 
piece of timber, a stump ; cf . OF. tronc, trunk ; 
cf. also troncon, tronson, a truncheon ; < L. trun- 
cus, a trunk: see trunk and truncheon.] To 
punish or beat severely ; thrash or whip smart- 
ly; castigate. [Now colloq.] 
The Lord trounted (discomfited R.V.] Sisara and all his 
eharettes. Hill!. Oj 1551, JlldgFS IV. 15. 
Well, air, you'll dearly answer this : 
My master 's constable ; he'll trounce yon for 't. 
Beau, and /'/. (?), Faithful Friends, I. 2. 
troupe (trop), n. [< F. troupe, a troop, a com- 
pany : see troop.'} A troop; a company; par- 
ticularly, a company of players, operatic per- 
formers, dancers, acrobats, etc. 
She showed me a troupe of falre ladies, every one her 
lover colling and kissing, chinning and embracing. 
Breton, Dreame of Strange Effects, p. 17. 
troupial, . See troopial. 
trous-de-loup (tro'de-15'), n. pi. [F. : irons, 
pi. of trou, hole ; de, of : loup (< L. lupus), 
wolf: see wolf.] Trap-holes or pits dug in the 
ground, in the form of inverted cones or pyra- 
mids, each with a pointed stake in the mid- 
dle, to serve as obstacles to an enemy. 
trouset (trouz), n. [Also trctcs, q. v. ; < OF. 
trousse: see trousers, t ru>ts."] Trousers; trews. 
[ Ventidius) served as a footman in his single trouses and 
grieues. Hoi/and, tr. of Pliny, 1. 177. 
trousedt (trouzd), . [< (rouse + -cd 2 .] Wear- 
ing trousers; clothed with trousers. Drayton, 
Polyolbion, xxii. Also trowsed. 
trousering (trou'zer-ing), n. [< trousers + 
-in;/ 1 .'] Cloth for making trousers, especially 
material made for the purpose. 
trousers (trou'zers), n. pi. [Formerly also trme- 
xc/'x, trow:ers, trossers; a later form, with appar. 
accidental intrusion of r, of trouses, trait ses (also 
lrini;e, trews), < OF. trousses, pi., trunk-hose, 
breeches, pi. of trousse, bundle, package: see 
trims, of which trousers is thus ult. a difleren- 
tiated plural.] A garment for men, extending 
from the waist to the ankles, covering the lower 
part of the trunk and each leg separately ; origi- 
nally, tightly fitting drawers; pantaloons. See 
strosm-rti. In the early part of the nineteenth century 
long frilled drawers reaching to the ankles were woni by 
1,'ii Is and women, and called trotiaers. 
The youth and people of fashion, when In the country, 
wear (roirsen 1 , with shoes and stocking. 
Pococke, Description of the East, II. II. 10. 
Troiiwrg (bracca;) were not won) till after the Parthian 
and Celtic wars, and even then only by soldiers who were 
exposed to northern climates. Rncyc. Brit., VI. 4S7. 
On the abandonment of tin- latter |t>asrs| HUM 
breeches or sloppes became an Important and splendid 
part of apparell : and while the long hose were either snp- 
' 
6503 
planted by or new christened the Irautu [read frouacf). 
ilir upper stock or the breeobM worn over them received 
the name of trunk I Plancht. 
= 8yn. llrrrchet, Trouten, Pantaloon*. Breeehet are pnip- 
erly short clothes, reaching just below the Knee , the use 
of the wonl for tniutm Is erroneous and vulgar. Trim 
en is the old word for the garment common In Occidental 
nations to cover the legs of men ; many, especially in Kng- 
land, still Insist upon the wonl, and con fine pa ntaloom to Its 
historical sense. Many, however, especially In America, 
are satisfied with panta/Mm* (colloquially, pantt) for (row- 
SOT. 
trousse (trBs), n. [F., a lnindli', quiver: see 
trims.'] A number of small 
utensils carried in a case 
or sheath together; I-,|M- 
cially, such a sheath with 
knives, tweezers, and the 
like, hung from the girdle, 
and worn during the mid- 
dle ages. Compare iM, 
iijnip'tili'l , 4. The trousse 
Is now 'rather a collection of 
tools or implements for serious 
work, and for men rather than 
for women : as, a surgeon s 
trousseau (tro-so'), n.; t S2*rf*? > vM^. 
pi. trousseaux (-soz'). [< l ^f?*- du Mol "" e ' 
F. trousseau, a bundle, kit, 
bride's outfit, trousseau, OF. trousseau, torseau, 
a little truss or bundle (cf. It. torseUo = Pr. 
trossel = Sp. tor;al), dim. of trousse, a bundle, 
truss: see trusn. Cf. trousers.'] 1. A bundle. 
There [In the 'scrutolre] lay the total keys. In one mas- 
sive troutteau, of that fortress impregnable even to armies 
from without. De Quincey, Hpanlsh Nun, i 5. 
2. The clothes and other outfit of a bride which 
she brings with her from her former home. 
trout 1 (trout), n. [< ME. troute, troictt, < AS. 
truht, < OF. truitf, < L. tructa, also tructus (ML. 
trutta, trotta), < Gr. rptwtrr/f, a sea-fish, < rpuyttv, 
gnaw, eat.] 1 . A fish of the family Salmonidse, 
Salmo trutta, with blackish spots, common in 
the colder fresh waters of Europe, and highly 
esteemed as a food-fish and game-fish; any spe- 
cies of the same section of .S'?iwo(see Salmo (b) ) ; 
a river-salmon, salmon-trout, or lake-trout, (a) 
In Europe, under the names 5. trtttta and S. fario, numer- 
(b) 
im 
European Trout 
ous forms have been alternately combined and then si-pa- 
rated into subspecies and varieties, or accorded full spe- 
cific rank. Day considers that there are but two species 
of British Hnliiiuiiiil/e the salmon, Satmo talar, and the 
t r. nit. S. trutta. Others divide the latter Into S. trutta and 
S. /aria, and these again Into others, as S. camtmcut, the 
sewin ; S. gaUivenri*. the Gal way trout ; S. gtfimachiciut, the 
Gillaroo trout ; S. kventniii, the Loch Leven trout ; etc. 
(Ii) In America there are several black-spotted trou ts, spe- 
cifically distinct from the European S. trutta, but belong- 
ing to the same section of the genus Salmo, commonly 
called trout, with or without a qualifying term (like the spe- 
cies of Salcrlima: see def. 2). All these Inhabit western 
portions of the continent Such are 5. yairdneri, with 
moderate-sized scales, 120 to 150 In a row, and 10 anal rays, 
of the Pacific slope waters ; the rainbow-trout, S. iridetu 
(see cut under rattibow-traut), closely related to the forego- 
ing, native of streams west of the Sierra Nevada, and now 
much diffused by pisciculture; the Rocky Mountain trout, 
.s'. purpuratus (see lukt-troiit, 1, and cut under Salmo). 
And now, having caught three brace of Trout*. I will 
tell you a short tale as we walk towards our breakfast. 
1. Walton, Complete Angler, p. 99. 
2. A fish of the family Safmonidee and genus 
Salvelinus (with its section Cnstivomer), re- 
sembling those called in Europe char. See Sal- 
rrlinus, and cuts under char* and lake-trout, 2. 
All the American chars are called trout, with or without a 
qualifying term. These are red-spotted. The leading forms 
are the common speckled trout, or brook-trout, of eastern 
North America, S. fontinaKi; the blue-backed trout, S. 
omiatta, of Maine. Vermont, etc. : the Dolly Varden trout 
of the Pacific slope, S. malma, whose red spots are very 
large; together with the great lake-trout, 5. (CritHvomer) 
niiiitiiiiriish. See phrases following. 
3. Any fish of the family Galaxiida (which 
see). 4. With a qualifying word, one of sev- 
eral fishes, not of the family Salmonidte, resem- 
bling or suggesting a trout. See phrases be- 
low Bastard trout, the weakflsh Cvnotcion nothut. 
[Charleston, I". M. ) Bear-trout, the great lake-trout. 
[Lake Superior.) Black-flnned trout, Salmo tugripin- 
nit of England. Black-spotted trout, Saltno purpura- 
tux, the silver or mountain trout of western North Amer- 
ica: specified as S. pfeuriririM. Black trout, the Lake 
Tahoe trout : specified as Salmo hentham. Blue-backed 
trout, Salmo oquana; the oquassau Brook- trout, (a) 
The common American char. Salceliniu fontinali*. See 
cut under char. [Kastern North America.) (b) One of 
trout-spoon 
several different trouin (not chars) of the western parts 
of North America, of the gfinm Saluui, Sec def. 1 
BrOWn trOUt, It" "imn-'li Knt..j,r:iti tr.'UI, 
Calirornian brook-trout, the nlnlmw-ii 
See i 'lit in.ii. r ritiiibme-traut.- Cutthroat trout, 
the Kooky Mountain bnxik trout Deep-water trout. 
(0) The great lake trout, liin-at Ukes.] (I) A weaknsb or 
m-ttvul.CtftioKiiinUiaUurinui. I Charleston, U. a ] Dol- 
ly Varden trout. i> < al ifornlan char, Nalcetiiiu* malma. 
Qalway trout, .svi/iu g<dlirrn*ti of Kngland. - Olllaroo 
trout, Halloa ttamadueut of Knfi md. Golden trout, 
the rainbow-trout. Gray trout, a xa-tion' 
league. See cut under weak/It*. -- Great lake-trout 
(a) SaltrKnu* namaycus*. Hee def. 2. (d) Salmn Jm.r .,1 
Bactand Ground-trout, a nial!rined common (i. .in 
(Salmo fario) ot Penygant In Ii orkulilre, Kngland, having 
a singular protrusion of the under jaw. Lake Tahoe 
trout, a variety of Salmo jiurjmratu* found In Lake Ta- 
boe, Pyramid Lake, and streams of the Hlerra Nevada. 
Also called locally tilfrr trout and Uark Ir-mi. Loch 
Lven trout, Xalmu lemriuii of Great Britain Loch 
StenntB trout, .-talma onadeniu ot Great Britain. 
" IW trout, the great lake-trout. Hee cut under 
i- Malma trout, the Dolly Varden trout. 
_____ n-trout. (o) The black-spotted trout (t) The 
black-baas, Mieropterut titftri^i*ff [ Local, U.S.] Ocean 
trout See ooran. Pot-bellied trout, the great lake 
trout. Red-spotted trout. <u)Sanieasbn>o*.frouf (a). 
b) The Dolly Varden trout.- Red trout, the great lake- 
imiit -Reef-trout, the great lake-trout. Rio Grande 
trout, -Wmn taUurut, inhabiting also the streams of n,. 
Utah basin. River-trout, the common Eiiro|*-:in trout, 
Salma /aria. Rocky Mountain brook-trout, Halmn 
purpuratut, the XtuHNtOM trout, or salmon trout of 
theColiunbia liver. See cut under Saltno. 8t. Marys 
trout, the three-bearded roekllng. [Local, British (Pen- 
rynX) Salt-water trout, a sea-trout the tqaetesiffne, 
or a related species of Cynocrion. See Cynotcion, and cut 
under uvakfin. Bchobdlc trout, the great lake-trout. 
SebagO trout, the great lake-trout. Shad-trout, the 
trout-shad or aqueteague.- Shoal- water trout, the great 
lake trout Silver trout, (n) A malformed common 
trout (.9. /arib) of Malham Tarn In Yorkshire, England, hav- 
ing a defective gill-cover, (b) The black-spotted trout, or 
mountain trout of western North America, (c) The Lake 
Tahoe trout. Speckled trout, the brook-trout Spot- 
ted trout, (a) One of different American trouU spotted 
(1) with black (see def. 1 <)); (2) with red a speckled 
trout (see def. 2). (l>) The weakfish or sea-trout Cymweim 
maeulatui. Sun-trout, the squeteague, Cynomm rega- 
li*. Waha Lake trout, a local variety of Salmo purpu- 
ratut, found in Waha Lake, Washington. White trout. 
(a) A variety of Salmo fario. Hee finnae. (b) The bastard 
I ron I. Yellowstone trout, .S<i/>no jiurpuratun, the Rocky 
Mountain brook-trout. Hee cut under Salmo. Yellow 
trout, a malformed trout with the same defect as the sil- 
ver trout (a). (See also bull trout, lake-trout, rainboir-tro*t, 
rock-trout, salmon-trout, tea-trout.) 
trout 1 (trout), c. . [< troufl, w.] To fish for or 
catch trout. 
tront 2 t (trout), v. i. [Var. of trout.'] Same as 
Iroat. 
Here. To bellow as a Stag, to trout as a Buck. K-er. To 
bellow, to bray (In tearmes of hunting we say that the red 
deere bells, and the fallow troy ten or croynesX Cotgraee. 
trout-basket (trout'bas'ket), //. An anglers' 
creel for carrying trout. It Is usually made of wil- 
low or osier, and of a size capable of containing from ten 
to twenty pounds of fish. 
trout-bird (trout'berd), H. The American gold- 
en plover, Charadrius dominicus. H. 1'. Ives. 
[Massachusetts. ] 
trout-colored (trout'kul'ord), a. Speckled like 
a trout: specifically noting a white horse spot- 
ted with black, bay, or sorrel. 
trout-farm (trout'farm), n. A place where 
trout are bred and reared artificially. 
troutful(trout'ful),n. [< trout + -//.] Abound- 
ing in trout. [Rare.] 
Clear and fresh rivulets of traut/ul water. 
FuUer, Worthies, II. 1. 
trout-hole (trout'hol), ii. A sheltered or re- 
tired place in which trout lie. 
trout-hook (trout'huk), n. A fish-hook specially 
designed or used for catching trout. 
troutless(trout'les), a. [< trout + -/*.] With- 
out trout. [Rare.] 
I catch a trout now and then, ... HO I am not left trout- 
tea. Kinjtley, Life, xxlll. 
troutlet (trout'let), . [< trout + -let.'] A young 
or small trout ; a troutling. Howl, Dream of 
KiiKeiie Aram. 
trout-line (trotit'lin), M. A fishing-line specially 
designed for or used in fishing for trout. 
troutling (trout 'ling), a. [< trout + -/ingi.] 
A troutlet. 
trout-louse (trout'lous), n. Same as xug. 
trout-net (trout 'net). /. The landing-net used 
by anglers for removing trout from the water. 
trout-perch (iroiit'iH-rcli).". 1. A fish, /*<?<-<;>- 
.</.< ;/Httntiin, of the family Percojaiibe. See ml 
HMT I'rrcopsif. 2. The black-bass. [South 
Carolina.] 
trout-pickerel (trout'pik'er-el), w. Seepirfrefrl. 
trout-rod (tront'rod),*. A fishing-rod specially 
inlajited for taking trout. 
trout-shad (tnmt'shad), n. The sqneteagne. 
trout-spoon ( trout'spfin), . A small revolving 
spoon used as an artificial bait or lure for trout . 
