tubercle 
etc. Sec tiilicrciihiiii ;m<! tali, , -unity, (o) A small 
rollRli eb- vat inn of the surface 1 ; :l wrirt nf pi ill [ill- ; :i li:i! '1 
papilla; a little swelling : tt8, tulierclfs about the base of 
the liill of a bird, in un a load's hai k. </<) In /-.'</ 
inn- tit the nuineroun small rounded elevations of the bnd> - 
wall towhiell tllespiucs al v artirlllal i-il. See Krhinula, 
arid cuts under /;</<//< i/x, />/,//"'/>/< , and xeinita. (c) III 
patfiol.: (1) A hard, eircuniserihed, rounded elrvation or 
nodule on the snrfaee of the h.xly or an organ. (2) A 
nodular mass of varying' M/e, composed of x'ranulation- 
cellB, whieh often tlnderKo eilsealion : the characteristic 
lesion of tuberculosis. (:;) 'I'he atleetlon called tubercll- 
InHi,-. (</> In hut. : (1) Any wart-like or knob-llko excres- 
ceiu-e. (-') A very small tuber. (:J) A root-growth resem- 
bling a tuberous root (see tuberous), except that it bears 
adventitious buds, especially near the top. thus approach- 
ill^ a tuber, whose huils, however, are normal : the sweet 
potato is an example; also, a tumehed kind of root pro 
ihi.nl by species of Orctiin and related genera, definite in 
number and shape, apparently developed from the base 
of buds on the lower extremity of the stem, as In Orchil 
inaculata and Ophrys apifera (see cuts under palmate and 
Opfiryt). Compare tubrrcule. (e) 111 eiitoin., same as supple- 
men<or.ri/c(whiuli see. under mppttmciitary). - Acoustic, 
amygdaloid, carotid tubercle. See the adjectives. - 
Anatomical tubercle, In pathol., a. wait-like growth of- 
ten seen on the hands of those who constantly dissect or 
make post-mortem examinations. Conoid tubercle, ft 
roughness of the clavicle for the attachment of the conoid 
ligament. Cuneate tubercle, tin- slight eminence of 
the cuneate f u nieu I us on a level with the adjoining clava, 
Cuneiform tubercles. See cuneiform. -Darwin's 
tubercle, a nodule on the edge of the helix of the human 
ear, believed to be the vestige of the point of a pointed 
ear, such as IB attributed to the fauns and satyrs of classic 
mythology, and as man may have had in an early stage of 
evolution of the human species. - Deltoid tubercle, (a) 
A roughness on the clavicle for the attachment of the del- 
toid ligament. (b) A roughness on the humeriis for the 
insertion of the deltoid muscle: usually called deltoid 
ridye. Denial tubercles, see genial"*. Genital tu- 
bercle, the tirst appearance of the external organs of 
generation in the fetus. Lacrymal tubercle, a small 
projection of the superior maxillary bone, at the beginning 
of the larry uial duet : a guide to the surgeon in operations 
upon the duct. Laminated tubercle. Same as nodule 
(a). Madreporic tubercles. See madreporic. Mam- 
mlllary tubercle. See mammiUary. Mental tuber- 
cles. Siune&tgenialtubercles. Hillary tubercle. Same 
as grutum. Ocular tubercle. Same as eye-eminence. 
Olfactory tubercle. Same as caruiicula mainmtUaria 
(which see, under caruncula). Optic tubercles. See 
optic. - Pearly tubercle. Same as grutum. Pharyn- 
feal, plantar, scalene tubercle. See the adjectives. 
psterior tubercle of the thalamus. Same as pul- 
rinar, 2. Supra-anal tubercle. See supra-anal. 
Tubercle-bacillus, the bacillus characteristic of tuber- 
culosis. See cut under tuberculoxi*. Tubercle of a rib, 
the shoulder of a rib, which articulates with the transpro- 
cess of the corresponding vertebra ; a tuberculum. Tu- 
bercle of Lower, a prominence, not constant, between 
the orifices of the superior and inferior ven;e cavre in the 
right auricle. Tubercle Of Rolando. Same as tubercu- 
lum cinereuin Rolandi (which see, under tuberculum). 
Tubercle Of the epiglottis. See cushion of the epiglot- 
tis, under epiglottis. Tubercle Of the Ulna, the rough 
area at the base of the coronoid process, for the attach- 
ment of the braebiah , anticus muscle. 
tubercled (tu'ber-kld), a. [< tubercle + -eo?.] 
In but., :oiil., andpathol., tuberculate ; provided 
with or affected by tubercles. 
tubercula, . Plural of tuberculum. 
tubercular (tu-ber'ku-lar), a. [=F. tuberculaire 
= Sp. lulu i-i-n!nr,<. NL. *ivbercularift,<. L. tubercu- 
lum, tubercle: see tubercle.] 1. Formed like a 
tubercle; forming a tubercle; shaped into a little 
tuber or tuberosity : as, tubercular elevations. 
2. Having tubercles ; tuberculate. 3. In;;- 
thol., characterized by the presence of tubercles ; 
of or pertaining to tuberculosis ; tuberculous. 
Tubercular consumption, tuberculosis of the lungs. 
Tubercular diathesis, a constitutional predisposition 
to tuberculosis. Tubercular laryngitis, tuberculosis 
of the larynx; laryngeal phthisis. Tubercular leprosy, 
a form of leprosy characterized by the presence of macula 1 
or of nodules of varying size on the surface of the body, 
especially the face ; leontiasis ; elephantiasis (Jreecorum. 
-Tubercular meningitis, an inflammation of the me- 
ninges of the brain, usually in children, due to the action 
of the tuberculous poison; acute hydrocephalus. Tu- 
bercular peritonitis. See peritonitis. Tubercular 
phthisis, tuberculosis, especially tuberculosis of the 
lungs. Tubercular process, an elevation on the trans- 
verse process of a vertebra supporting the facet that articu- 
lates with the tubercle of the corresponding rib. Tuber- 
cular sputum, the sputum of one suffering from pul- 
monary tuberculosis, usually containing large numbers 
of the tubercle-bacilli. It is a common means of spread- 
ing the contagion of tuberculosis. 
Tubercularia (tu-ber-ku-la'ri-a), n. [NL. 
(Tode),< L. tuberculum, tubercle: see tulicrclc.] 
A genus of hyphomycetous fungi, having the 
conidia in filiform, usually branched sporo- 
phores, which are ovoid or oblong, hyaline, and 
typically solitary. The species, of which more than 
60 are known, are not well characterized. T. rulgarit, 
one of the commonest forms, occurs on trees or shrubs, as 
of the genera Corylus, Prunue, Rubus, etc. 
Tubercularieae (tu-ber i kfi-la-rl'e-e), n. />/. 
[XL. (Kliivuberg, 1818), < Tubn-ciildria + -ex.] 
A family of hyphomycetous fungi, typified by 
the grims Tulit-rculariii. 
tubercularize (tu-ber'ku-lSr-iz). < . ; pret. and 
pp. tiilit'i-<-nlin-i:nl. ppr. ti<ln-rriilari?i>ia. [< tu- 
lH-i-cultir + -('-<.] To infect with tuberculosis. 
6519 
Spittoons should always be emptied Into the tire, and 
i leanscd with boiling water. They should never be 
emptied on dung heaps, on garden soil (where they may 
tubemdarize fowl) . . . Science, XIV. 177. 
tubercularly (tu-ixVkii-iiir-li), ,nir. With iv- 
ganl to a tubercle or tubercles; so as to exhibit 
tubercles. Pop. &* .I/..., XXXVI. '-'GO. 
tuberculate (tu-ber'ku-lat), a. [< NL. tubercu- 
Ititux, < 1,. tiilH-rriilum, tubercle: see tubercle.] 
Sit me ;i.s tiilii-rrulnr. 
tuberculated (tu-ber'ku-la-ted), a. [< tubercu- 
ttili- + -i'il~.] Same as tuberculate. 
tubcrculation (tu-ber-ku-Ia'shpn), . [< tubrr- 
rulate + -ion. j The formation of tubercles; 
the disposition or arrangement of a set of 
tubercles; a tubercular part, organ, or system. 
tubercule (tu'ber-kul), . [< F. tulnn-ult; < I.. 
tuberculum: see tubercle.] 1. A tubercle or tu- 
berculum. 2. In hot., any root of a class em- 
bracing both tuberous roots and tubercles : used 
specifically by Lindley cineritious tubercule. 
(a) The tuber cinereum. (6) The tuberculum cinereum of 
Rolando. 
tuberculi, . Plural of tuberculus. 
tuberculiform (tu-ber'ku-li-form), a. [< L. tu- 
berculum, tubercle, + forma, form.] Like a 
tubercle in form ; tubercular. 
tuberculin (tu-ber'ku-lin ),. [< tuberculum + 
-in-.] 1. A liquid prepared by Koch (first in 
1890) from cultures of tubercle-bacillus, ad- 
ministered by hypodermic injection in tuber- 
culosis as a therapeutic or diagnostic measure. 
Also called Koclt ?8 lymph, Koch's specific, and 
jxu-utoloid. 2. A ptomaine formed by the 
action of the tubercle-bacillus. 
tuberculization (tu-ber' ku-li-za'shon), it. [=F. 
tuberculisation ; as tubercule + -ize + -ation.] 
Iupathol.,the formation of tubercles, orthe con- 
dition of becoming tubercled. 
tuberculize (tu-ber'ku-liz), v. t.; pret. and pp. 
tuberculizeil, ppr. tubereuliziiuj. [< tubercule + 
-ize.] Same as tubercularize. \fedical News. 
LIII. 187. 
tuberculoid (tu-ber'ku-loid), . [< tubercule + 
-oid.] In zool'., having the appearance or shape 
of a tubercle ; tuberculiform. 
tuberculose (tu-ber'ku-16s), a. [< NL. tuber- 
culosuts : see tuberculous.] Tuberculate. 
tuberculosed (tu-b6r'ku-16st), a. [< tubercu- 
losis + -fd 2 .] In pathol., affected with tuber- 
culosis. Medical Netes, LIII. 216. 
tuberculosis (tu-ber-ku-16'sis), . [NL., < L. 
tuberculum, tubercle, T -osis.] A specific dis- 
ease affecting most 
of the tissues of the 
body, characterized 
by the formation of 
tubercles and the 
presence in the dis- 
eased parts of the 
tubercle - bacillus. 
Acute miliary tuber- 
culosis, an acute affec- 
tion characterized by the 
deposit of large numbers 
of minute tubercules in 
various organs of the 
body, accompanied by 
high fever, rapid pulse, 
and marked prostration ; 
galloping or quick consumption. The disease is almost 
always rapidly fatal. Laryngeal tuberculosis. Same 
as tubercular laryngititt (wnicn see, under tubercular). 
Pulmonary tuberculosis, tuberculosis of the lungs, 
popularly called consumption. 
tuberculous (tu-ber'ku-lus), a. [= F. luber- 
ciileux = Sp. Pg. titberciiloso = It. tubercohso, 
< ML. "tuberculosun, < L. tuberculinii, a tubercle : 
see tubercle.] 1. Tubercular; tuberculate. 
2. In pathol., affected by tubercles; exhibiting 
or containing tubercles. 3. Pertaining to or 
of the nature of tuberculosis. 
Greek elephantiasis ... is a tuberculoui disease affect- 
ing especially the skin, the month, and the nasal fossa;, 
and the organs of voice and respiration. 
J. M. Carnochan, Operative Surgery, p. 39. 
Tuberculous arthritis, tuberculosis of a joint. Tu- 
berculous inflammation, inflammation caused by the 
presence of the tubercle-bacillus, 
tuberculum (tu-ber'ku-lum), n.: pi. tubercula 
(-IS). [L.: see tubercle.] 1. A little tuber ; a 
small tuberosity. 2. In pathol.: (a) A hard, 
circumscribed, rounded elevation of small size 
on the surface of the body or an organ. (6) A 
nodule, of varying size, composed chiefly of 
granulation-cells: the characteristic lesion of 
tuberculosis Tubercula quadrigemlna, the cor- 
pora quadrigemina. See corpus. Tuberculum annu- 
lare, the pons Varolii. Tuberculum cinereum Ro- 
landi, an eminence between the cuneate funiculus and the 
]H)sterolateral groove of the oblongata, formed by the 
approach of the caput cornu posterioris to the surface. 
Tuterculum dolorosum, a small painful nodule; 
tube-shell 
neuroma.- Tuberculum hypoglossi. 8ameu(n>//ii 
hypwjli>e*i. Tuberculum mallei. Same as ihort proea* 
oftiuilleut (which ce, under proem*). Tuberculum Of a 
rib, the protuberance or shoulder by uhieli a rib abuts 
against a transverse process of a vertebra, as opposed to 
its head or capitiilum. See cut uuderendoilrelelon. Tu- 
berculum pubis, tuberculum pubicum. same as pu- 
bic tipiiie (which see, under pubic). Tuberculum sellse 
the olivary eminence. See olivary. 
tuberculus (tu-ber'ku-lus), >>.; pi. tuberculi 
(-li). [NL.: see tuberculinii. liilnrcle.] luentom., 
same as sni>)il<-in<-iit<.inj eye (which see, under 
is. very highly 
tube-retort (tub're-tdrt*), M. A chemical retort 
consisting of a glass tube having one end 
closed, and sometimes made with an enlarged 
bulb. K. 11. K >iii/1it. 
tuberiferous (tu-be-rif'e-rus), a. [< L. tuber, a 
tuber, + ferre = K. bear*,] Producing or bear- 
ing tubers: as, a tiiberifi rou* root. See cut un- 
der monilifiiriii. 
tuberiform (tu'ber-i-f6rm), a. [< L. tuber, a 
tuber, + forma, form.] In hot., tuber-shaped. 
tuberont (tu'ber-on), n. [< OF. tiburon, < Sp. 
tiburon, a shark.] A shark. 
There waited on our ship fishes as long as a man, which 
they call Tubcrotus. 
T. Stecent, 1579(Arber's Eng. Garner, I. 183). (Dane*.) 
tuberose 1 (tu'ber-os), a. [< L. tuberosus, tuber- 
ous: see tain i-ini--.\ Tuberous; having knobs 
or tubers. 
tuberose 2 (tu'be-ros or tub'roz: see the ety- 
mology), Ji. [="F. tubereuse = Sp. Pg. tuberosa 
= It. tuberoso = G. tuberose, < NL. tuberosa, the 
specific name of Polianthex tuberosa; prop. fern. 
of L. tuberosus, tuberous : see tuberose*, ttiberoux. 
The name has become popularly confused with 
rose, and is, though prop, pronounced tu'be-ros, 
commonly pronounced tub'roz, as if < tube + 
rose 1 .] A garden and greenhouse bulb, Polian- 
thes tuberosa, much cultivated for its creamy- 
white, exceedingly fragrant flowers. These have 
a funnel-shaped perianth with thick lobes, often doubled, 
and are racemed at the summit of a wand-like stem 2 or 3 
feet high. An American variety called the pearl has a 
much lower stem with larger flowera, and is preferred foi 
forcing. In northern latitudes the bulbs are imported 
in Europe, from France and Italy, and in the northern 
United States, formerly from Europe, but they are now 
grown in Florida and Georgia, or even in New Jersey. 
Where the season ls short, the bulb is sprouted under cover 
before setting out. The tuberose alfordB a perfumer's oiL 
Wild tuberose. See Spiranthet. 
tuberosity (tu-be-ros'i-ti), .; pi. titberosities 
(-tiz). [< F. tuberosite = Sp. tuberosidad = Pg. 
tuberosidade = It. tuberosita, < ML. 'tuberosi- 
ta(t-)s,< L. tuberosus, tuberous: see tuberous.] 
I. The state of being tuberous. 2. A swell- 
ing or prominence ; especially, in mint, and 
zool., a large rough projection or protuberance 
of bone; a bony tuber, generally serving for the 
attachment of a muscle : as, the tuberosity of the 
ischium, or tuber ischii ; the greater and lesser 
tuberositic* of the humerus. Small tuberosities 
of bone are generally called tubercles. See cuts 
under crus, femur, humerus, and innominatum. 
Whether he ... swell out in starched ruffs, buckram 
stuffings, and monstrous tuberotities. 
Cariyle, Sartor Resartus, I. S. 
Gluteal tuberosity. Same as yhiteal ridge (which see, 
under gluteal'). 
tuberous (tu'ber-us), a. [< OF. tubereux, F. 
tubereujc = Sp. Pg. It. tuberoso, < L. tuberosus, 
full of lumps or protuberances, < tuber, a knob, 
lump: see tuber.] 1. Covered with knobby or 
wart-like prominences; knobbed. 2. ID bat.. 
of the nature of or resembling a tuber ; bearing 
tubers Tuberous angloma, a subcutaneous form of 
angloma, resembling at times llpoma. Tuberous pea. 
Same as heath-pea. See also Lathyrus and knappert*. 
Tuberous root, a true root, commonly one of a fascicle, 
so thickened by the storage of nutriment as to resemble 
a tuber. It bears no buds itself, but nourishes those pro- 
duced on the persistent base of the stem. The root of the 
dahlia is an example. See cut under roatl. 
tuberously (tu'ber-us-li), adr. With tubers or 
with tuberosity. Bull, of I II. State Laboratory, 
II. 28. 
tuberousness (tu'ber-us-nes), n. The state or 
character of being tuberous; tuberosity. 
tuberous-rooted (tu'ber-us-r8'ted), a. An epi- 
thet properly of plants with tuberous roots, but 
more often applied to those bearing true tubers. 
tube-sealer (tub'ska'ler), . A tube-cleaner 
for cleansing the interior of steam-boiler flues 
from soot and incrustations. . H. Knit/hi. 
tube-scraper (tub'skra'per),n. A tube-cleaner; 
especially, one with springs or blades, as dis- 
tinguished from one made of wire. 
tube-sheet (tub'shetX i. Same &s flue-plate. 
Tube-sheet cutter, a tool for cutting holes to receive 
the tubes in the tube-sheets of boilers. K. a. Knight. 
tube-shell (tub'shel), w. A bivalve mollusk of 
the family (laxtrocheenidje in a broad sense, or 
