tun 
part of .1 chinmcv: also, the chimney itself. 
Hall, , nil. H'rov.'Eng.] 
My nuwo Imux willi the iij. Inn mix "I i lirinvlii-yK 
Kuril Will* (i'il. Tynims), p. 20. 
Bolt and tun, In her. see imttt. 
tun 1 (tun), r. /. : pret. :nnl pp. linnii-il. ppr. '"- 
ii/Hi/. [< (', .] 1. To store in a tun or tuns, 
as wine oi- MI ill lii|iior: hence, to store in ves- 
si'Is nl 1 iiny sort for keeping. 
Amongst the rest with the apples nf Adam ; the Juice 
wheri'ot they tun up and send ilitu Turky. 
S'in</ifn, Travailes, p. 175. 
2f. To fill as if a tun. 
A vale of tears, a vessel tunn'il ith hreatll, 
By sickness uroach'd, to he drawn out by death. 
Quartet, Emblems, til. 8. 
3. To mingle with liquor when it is stored, as 
for the purpose of (favoring it, or making it 
keep better. 
The women of our northern parts do tun the herb ale- 
houve into their ale. 
(ierard'i llerball (1579\ quoted by Bickerdykc, p. 68. 
tun-t, a An obsolete form of town. 
tuna' (to'nii), u. A fish. See Tltynnus, S 
Orel/Hint, and titinii/. 
tuna 2 (tu'na), n. A species of prickly-pear, 
O/nt>ttiit Tuna, or its fruit. It grows erect, sometimes 
2(1 feet high, Is spiny, and is much used for hedges In south- 
ern Europe. Its fruit, which is barrel shaped and 2 or 3 
inches long, is much eaten, fresh and dried. It Is one of 
the foremost cochineal-plants, and Is said to be the only 
species used for this production in the Canaries, 
tunable (tu'nn-hl), . [A\ao tuneable ; <tune + 
-iiliti'.] 1. Capable of being put in tune, or made 
harmonious. 
God ringing the changes on all accidents, and making 
them tunable to His glory. 
Fuller, Holy State, IV. xiii. 12. 
2. Harmonious; musical; tuneful. [Bare.] 
More tuneable than lark to shepherd's ear. 
Shak., M. N. D., i. 1. 184. 
tunableness (tu'na-bl-nes), . The state or 
quality of being tunable; harmony; melodious- 
ness. Also tuneablrni'tx. 
The iiiiiiiMi-iii'!..* and chiming of verse. 
Swift, Advice to a Young Poet. 
tunably (tu'na-bli), adr. In a tunable manner ; 
harmoniously; musically. Also tuneubly. 
They can sing any thing most ttmably, Sir, but Psalms. 
Bronie, Jovial Crew, i. 
tun-belliedt (tun'bel'id), a. Having a large 
protuberant belly; pot-bellied; paunchy. 
Their great huge rowling tunbellyed god Bacchus. 
CartimgM, Royal Slave (1051). (Nans.) 
tun-belly (tun'beFi), H. A large protuberant 
belly. 
A double chin and a tun belly. 
Tom Brown, Works, III. 152. (Daciea.) 
tun-disht (tun'dish), H. A funnel. 
Filling a bottle with a tun-dieh. 
Shalt., II. forM., ill. 2. 182. 
tundra (ton'dra), n. [Also toondra ; < Russ. tun- 
dru, a marshy 'plain.] In the northern part of 
Russia (both in Europe and in Asia), one of the 
nearly level treeless areas which occupy most of 
that region, and do not differ essentially from 
the steppes, except that, lying further north, 
t lu'ir climate and vegetation are more decidedly 
arctic than those of the country to the south, 
with a corresponding increase in the number 
of small lakes and morasses. 
A short distance south of Yefremov Kamen begins the 
veritable tturlrti, a woodless plain, interrupted by no 
mountain heights, with small lakes scattered over It, and 
11 n row valleys crossing it, which often make an excursion 
on the apparently level plain extremely tiresome. 
Xiinlfiixkiiild, Voyage of the Vega (trans. X I. 377. 
tundun (tun'dun). H. A toy: s;uiieas/i//-rwivr. 
tune (tun), n. [< ME. time, < OF. ton, K. ton = 
Pr. ton = Sp. ton, touo = It. tuono, < L. tniin.i, 
< Gr. Topof, a tone : see tone 1 , of which tune is a 
doublet.] 1. A sound, especially a musical 
tone. 
Leave your betraying smiles, 
And change the tunes of your enticing tongue 
To penitential prayers. 
Fletcher (and anather\ Love's Cure, iii. 3. 
Whose senses in so evil consort their stepdame Nature lays 
That ravishing delight in them most sweet tunes doth not 
raise. Sir P. Sidney (Arber's Eng. Garner, I. 570). 
2. A well-rounded and pleasing succession of 
tones; an air; a melody; especially, a brief 
melodic piece in simple metrical form. The 
term is often extended to include the harmony 
with which such a melody is accompanied. 
Specifically 3. A musical setting of a hymn, 
usually Lnfour-pari harmony, intended for use 
in public worship; a hymn-tone; chorale. 4. 
Same as entr'acte. Sometimes called an ct- 
410 
6529 
him: f>. r.in'eet intonation in singing or play- 
ing on :in iiistniini'iit : raparity fur producing 
iiiin-s in correct intonation; the proper con- 
struction or adjustment of a musical instru- 
ment with reference to such intonation; mu- 
tual adaptation of voices or instruments in 
pilch and temperament. 
Like sweet bells jangled, out of tune and harsh. 
Mnt., Hamlet, ill. 1. 166. 
A continual Parliament (I thought) would but keep the 
Common-weal In time, by preserving Laws In their due 
execution and vigour. Itasilike, p. 27. 
6. Frame of mind; mood; temper, especially 
temper for the time being: as, to be in inm- 
(to be in the right disposition, or fit temper or 
humor). 
The poor distressed Lear 's i' the town ; 
Who sometime, in his better tune, remembers 
What we are come alwut. Shalt., Lear, Iv. 3. 41. 
7. Iii j>/ire.,one of the perceptive faculties, of 
which the organ is said to be situated above the 
external angle of the orbit of the eye, as high 
as the middle of the forehead, on each side of 
the temporal ridge. This faculty is claimed 
to give the perception of melody or harmony. 
See phrenology. In tune, in correct or properly ad- 
justed intonation; harmonious. Out Of tone, in incor- 
rect or improperly adjusted intonation; inharmonious. 
To change one's tune, to alter one's manner and way of 
talking. 
O gin I live and bruik my life, 
I'll gar ye change your tune. 
Wedding of Robin, llood and Little John (Child's Ballads, 
IV. 184). 
To sing another tune. See ring. To the tune of, to 
the sum or amount of. [Colloq.] 
Will Hazard has got the hipps, having lost to the tune of 
five hundr'd pound, tho' he understands play very well, no 
body better. Svnjl, Tatler, No. 230. 
tune (tun), v. ; pret. and pp. tuned, ppr. tuning. 
[<tune,n. Cf. a ttune.] I. trans. 1. To adjust 
the tones of (a voice or a musical instrument) 
with reference to a correct or given standard of 
pitch or temperament. See tuning. 
Tune your harps, 
Ye angels, to that sound. 
lif.niii-ii, Spanish Friar, il. 1. 
2. To play upon ; produce melody or harmony 
from. 
When Orpheus tuned his lyre with pleasing woe, 
Rivers forgot to run, and winds to blow. 
Adduon, Epil. to Granville's British Enchanters. 
3. To express by means of melody or harmony ; 
celebrate in music. 
Fountains, and ye that warble, as ye flow, 
Melodious murmurs, warbling tune his praise. 
Milton, P. L., v. 196. 
4. To give a special tone or character to ; at- 
tune. 
To that high-sounding Lyre I tune my Strains. 
Congrete, Pindaric Odes, i. 
In peace, Love tunes the shepherd's reed. 
Scott, L. of L. M., lit 2. 
5. To put into a state proper for any purpose, 
or adapted to produce a particular effect. 
Come, let me tune you ; glaze not thus your eyes 
With self-love of a vow'd virginity. 
Ma&inffer and Dekker, Virgin-Martyr, ii. 3. 
6. To bring into uniformity or harmony. 
Elizabeth might silence or tune the pulpits ; but It was 
impossible for her to silence or tinu* the great preachers 
of justice, and mercy, and truth. 
J. R. Green, Short Hist. Eng., p. 45. 
II. iiitrang. 1. To give forth musical sound. 
'!'', li.i'i to the water's fall, 
The small birds sang to her. 
Drayton, Quest of Cynthia. 
2. To accord with some correct or given stan- 
dard of pitch or temperament. 3. To utter in- 
articulate musical sounds with the voice; sing 
without using words; hum a tune. Imp. Diet. 
[Rare.] To tune up, to begin to sing or play: as, 
birds tune up after a shower. [Colloq. 1 
tuneable, tuneableness, etc. See tunable, etc. 
tuned(tund),a. [Oiine + -ed^.] Toned: usu- 
ally in composition : as, a shrill-taim! bell, 
tuneful (tun'ful), a. [< tune + -ful.] Full of 
melody or tune, (a) Melodious ; sweet of sound. 
The tuneful voice was heard from high. 
Dryden, Song for St Cecilia's Day. 
(6) Producing sweet sounds ; musical. 
The Minstrel was infirm and old ; . . . 
His tuneful brethren all were dead. 
Sco, L. of L. M., Int. 
tunefully (tun'ful-i), adv. In a tuneful man- 
ner; harmoniously; musically. 
tunefulness (tun'ful-nes), w. The state or char- 
act cr of being tuneful. 
tuneless (tun'les), . [< tune + -less.] 1. Un- 
musical ; inharmonious. 
tungstite 
How often have I led thy sportive rlmir, 
With tunelemi piw, beside tin- murmuring Loire! 
havrllri, 1. 244. 
2. Not employed in or not capable of making 
music. 
\\ lien In hand my tuneleite harp I take, 
Then doe I more augment my foes desjiinht. 
Spenitr, Sonnets, xlir. 
3. Not expressed rhythmically or musically; 
silent; without voice or utterance. 
< In thy voiceless shore 
The heroic lay Is tunelest now ; 
The heroic bosom beats no more ! 
Byron, Don J nan, 111. 86. 
tuner (tu'ner), H. [</<;+ -erl.] 1. One who 
nines or puts in tune; also, one who makes 
music or sings. 
The pox of such antic, lisping, affecting fantutlcoes, 
these new tunert of accents ! Shak,, R. and J., II. 4. SO. 
Our mournful Philomel, 
That rarest tuner. 
Drayton, Shepherd's Siren*. 
Specifically 2. One whose occupation it is to 
put musical instruments in proper tune and 
repair. 
There are a good many blind tunert. 
J. U. Ewing, Story of a Short Life, vill. 
3. In organ-building, an adjustable flap or open- 
ing near the top of a flue-pipe, whereby the ef- 
fective length of the air-column may be altered, 
so as to alter the pitch of the tone. 
tungt, An old spelling of tongue. 
tung-oil (tung'oil), . [< Chinese I'ung + E. 
oil7\ A fixed oil obtained from the seeds of 
the tung-tree, Aleurites cordata, forming 35 per 
cent, of their weight. It is produced in immense 
Quantities in China, where It Is universally employed for 
calking and painting junks and boats, and for varnishing 
and preserving all kinds of woodwork. In drying quality 
it surpasses all other known oils. It Is also used for light- 
ing, but Is inferior for the purpose to tea-oil. It is not 
known in European commerce. Also tree-oil or wood-oil. 
Spans' Encyc. Manuf. 
tun-great* (tun'grat), a. [ME. tonne ijreet; < 
tun? + great.'] Having a circumference of the 
size of a tun. 
Every piler, the temple to sustene. 
Was tonne-greet, of Iren bright and shene. 
Chaucer, Knight's Tale, 1. 1138. 
tungstate (tung'stat), n. [< tunijst(ic) + -ate 1 .] 
A salt of tungstic acid : as, tungstate of lime. 
Sodium tungstate, a crystalline salt prepared by roast- 
Ing wolfram with soda ash. It is used as a mordant, and 
to render fabrics uninflammable. 
tungsten (tuug'sten), u. [= F. tiinr/sleiie = Sp. 
Pg. It. tungstcno = G. tungstein, < Sw. tungsten 
(= Dan. tungsteen), < tuny, heavy, = Dan. tung 
= Icel. thungr, heavy (cf. thuiigi, a load, tliunga, 
load), + sten, stone, = Dan. steen = G. stein = 
E. stone, q. v.] 1. Chemical symbol, W; atomic 
weight, 183.5. A metal some of whose ores have 
long been known (see wolfram and sclteelite), 
but they were supposed to be compounds of tin. 
That scheelite (tungstate of lime) was a compound of lime 
with a peculiar metallic acid was proved by Scheele and 
Bergman in 1781, and the composition of wolfram was also 
determined by the brothers O'Elhujar a few years later. 
Metallic tungsten, as obtained by the reduction of the tri- 
oxid, is a gray powder having a metallic luster and a spe- 
cific gravity of 19.129 (Koscoe). The most Interesting fact 
in regard to tungsten is that tungsteniferous minerals, 
especially wolfram, are very frequent associates of the ores 
of tin. (See wolfram.) Tungsten has been experimented 
with in various ways, as in improving the quality of steel 
by being added to it in small quantity ; but no alloy contain- 
ing tungsten has come into general use. (See tungsten 
steel, under steel^.) A new alloy called friderapttite, contain- 
ing a large percentage of iron, with some nickel, alu- 
minium, and copper, together with 4 per cent, of tung- 
sten, has recently been introduced ; this is said to resem- 
ble silver, and to be very ductile and malleable and not 
easily attacked by acids. Another alloy called minariient, 
consisting chiefly of copper and nickel, is said sometimes 
to contain a small percentage of tungsten. Tungsten is 
chemically related to molybdenum and uranium, ('ertaln 
chemically remarkable compounds of tungsten(tungstates 
with tungsten dioxid) have been employed as substitutes 
for bronze-powder. 
2. The native tungstate of lime Tungsten 
steeL See iteeli. 
tungstenic (tung-sten'ik), a. [< tungsten + 
-if.J Of or pertaining to or procured from 
tungsten; tungstic. 
tungsteniferous (tung-sten-if'e-rus), a. Con- 
taining tungsten. 
tungstic (tung'stik), a. [< ttmgst(en) + -IP.] 
Of or pertaining to or obtained from tungsten. 
Tungstic acid, an acid obtained by precipitating a so- 
lution of tungstic oxid in an alkali by the addition of an 
acid. It is dibasic, having the composition HzWO* 
Tungstic ocher. Same as tungttiu. 
tungstite (tung'stit), . [< luugt(en) + -ite%.] 
Native oxid of tungsten, occurring in pulveru- 
lent form, of a bright-yellow color, usually in 
connection with wolfram, the tungstate of iron 
and manganese. Also called tungstic ocher. 
