Turks-head, a. 
Turko 
Turkq, - See Turcol. 
turkoiS, a. See lHniiini.tr. 
Turkoman (tor'ko-man), . [Also 
= F. 'I' lira nn nn. 'I'n rl:niiiiin = li. Tiiii.'iiiiiiiin 
(Russ. Tiii-l:ini'iii tin. etc.); lilt. < I'ers. Turk. 
Turk, Turk.] A member of a brunch ol tin- 
Turkish race, fiminl ehicllv in mitral Asia (in 
li'iissiaii territory), IVrsia. aii'l Afghanistan. 
\i-aily all are noiiiuiU Aninni; the tiilii- an' Ihe'l'ekkes 
of Merv and Akhal, the sutik-, t (:. Also Turkman.-- 
Turkoman Carpet, " caipct m:ulc hy (lie nomads on 
the norlhci n I pin tiers of Persia, usually simple in tl> H-n. 
but of soft and long imp and rich colors. 
Turk's-cap (terks'kup), n. 1. The niiirtagiin- 
lily, III in in Miirliii/nii ; also, the American 
swamp-lily. I.. .tn/i< rhi/m. Also called 3'//;7.V 
<-iil> lit:/. Sec iiiiirliii/iiii unil lily. 2. A species 
of melon-cactus. S/itlOGUCtoU cuiiiiiiiiiiis. Also 
Tiiiic's-i'iifi fiii'lii.t, Tnrk's-heutl. 3. A variety of 
winter squash. 
Turk's-head (terks'hed), n. 1. Same as Tiirl'x- 
I'liji, '_'. 2. .\inil., a form 
of knot made by weaving 
turns of small cord round 
a larger rope. A similar 
knot is largely used in or- 
namenting whip-handles. 
3. A long broom with spherical head, for sweep- 
ing ceilings, etc. 
He saw a great Turt't-head besom poked up at him. 
Bulicer, My Novel, x. 20. 
4. A pan for baking cake, having a tin core in 
the center, thus bringing heat into the middle 
of the cuke. 
Turk's-turban (terks'ter'ban), w. A plant of 
the genus Iliiiniiiriilus; crowfoot. 
turky 1 !, . An obsolete spelling of turkey. 
turky 2 t, a. [Abbr. of Turky-stom; Tini,-i //-.stone.] 
Same as Turkey-stone, 1. Sandys, Travailes, 
p. 173. 
Turky-stonet, See Turkey-stone. 
Turky-wheatt, . See Turkey -wheat. 
Turlington's balsam. See benzoin. 
turlough (ter'loch), . [< Ir. turloeh, a dry 
lake, \tur, bare, dry, + loch, lake: see lough,'} 
In Ireland, a temporary pond or lake in certain 
limestone districts. 
Some [sluggas] are abrupt deep holes, others open into 
shallow hollows; and when the water during floods rises 
in the latter, it overflows the adjoining lands, forming the 
turloughs, which are usually lakes in winter and callows 
in summer. KiiMhan, Geol. of Ireland, p. 326. 
Turlupin (ter'lu-pin), n. [OF., appar. a par- 
ticular use, in contempt, of turliipin, "a grub, 
mushrome, start-up, new-nothing man of no 
value" (Cotgrave, ed. 1611); origin unknown.] 
In eccles. hist., a name given to the members of 
a French sect of about the fourteenth century, 
which held views very similar to those of the 
Brethren of the Free Spirit. 
The Turlupim were first known by the names Beghards, 
or Beghins, and brothers and sisters of the free spirit. 
The common people alone called them Turiupins, a name 
which seems obviously to be connected with the wolvish 
bowlings which these people, in all probability, would 
make in their religious ravings. Their subsequent name 
of the fraternity of poor men might have been the cause 
why the wandering rogues, called Bedlam beggars, as- 
sumed or obtained the title of Titrlupiitg or Turlygoods, 
especially if their mode of asking alms was accompanied 
by the gesticulations of madmen. 
Douce, 111. of Shakspeare. 
turm (term),i. [< L. tiirmii, a troop; cf. turba, 
a troop, crowd : see turba, (wK&j A troop ; 
a turma. 
Legions and cohorts, tunas of horse and wings. 
Milton, P. R., iv. 66. 
turma (ter'mS), .; pi. titrm.T (-me). [L. : see 
In r HI.'] Among the Romans, a company of cav- 
alry, consisting at first of thirty and afterward 
of thirty-two men. 
turmalin, turmaline (ter'ma-lin), H. Same as 
tfnirninUn. 
turmeric (ter'me-rik), w. [Formerly also titr- 
Meriofc(NL. turim-ricn, Minsheu); cf.F. terrc-nic- 
rite (NL. terra nterita), turmeric (as if < L. terra. 
earth, + merita, deserved, deserving, taken in 
the forced sense of 'excellent'); both prob. cor- 
ruptions of an Oriental name, perhaps of Ar. 
kurkum, saffron: see curcuma.] 1. The rhi- 
zome of Curcuma longa, a plant of the ginger 
family, native and long cultivated in the East 
Indies. It has a central ovoid body and lateral elongated 
tulKTs called respectivelj r.. mid mt\ long turmeric, former- 
ly supposed to come from ililferent species. Turmeric is 
of a itecp Urownish or greenish yellow, inwardly orange, of 
a resinous consistence and peculiar aromatic odor. It is 
prepared for use by grinding. In India it is most laiyly 
employed :isa condiment, pal ticnlarly as an ingredient in 
oarry-powdera. It Ims the property of an aromatic stiin- 
ulunt, and is there tfiven internally for various troubles, 
6687 
and applied externally for skin-diseases. In western conn- 
tries its chief use (nw dt liniti-j) ha* been that of a dye- 
tutf, in which capacity ir altords I'cailtlful but fugitive 
shades of yellow . at pi esciit a leading use in in the prep- 
aration of a teat-pap-'! r..ll. .1 turmeric-paper or curcuma- 
paper. The coloring niatli i i- ./u ; and the 
oil to which its aromatic taste and smell arc due, tur- 
meric-nil or tunnfnl. Sometimes called Indian tafron. 
The Hindu name is huldee. 
2. Tin' plant producing turmeric. 3. The 
bloodroot.N" mini inn in I'm, ml, iin'm.- African tur- 
meric, tin- rootstock of a species of Cantta, having prop- 
erties like those of turmeric, cultivated in Hierra Leone, 
;iinl miifh lined by the natives for dyeing yellow. 
turmeric-oil (ur'mg-iik-oil), . The oil of tur- 
meric. 
turmeric-paper (ter'me-rik-pa'per), . See 
/I'l/H r. 
turmeric-plant (ter'me-rik-plant), H. Same as 
liiriiii-rii\ U. 
turmeric-root ( ter' me-ri k-rdt), n. 1 . The com- 
mon turmeric. 2. fhe yellowroot, /li/ttrnxti* 
Clllllllll -Mfii.l. 
turmeric-tree (ter'me-rik-tre), n, Arutaceous 
tree. Arrouycliiit Itiniiri, of southeastern Aus- 
tralia. It is a moderate-sized tree with 11 hard, close- 
grained, and strong yellow wood, and a bright-yellow 
inner hark used for dyeing. 
turmerol (t^r'me-rol), . [< tnrmer(ic) + -ol.] 
Turmeric-oil. 
turmoil (ter'moil), r. [Formerly also turiiiiiyle: 
prob. from an OF. verb connected with OF. tre- 
iiiniiille, also tramciil, also tremoie, treniuye, tre- 
mie, the hopper of a mill, < tremuer, agitate, < L. 
tri mi r<\ shake, tremble: see tremble.] I. traun. 
To disturb ; agitate ; trouble ; disquiet. 
A ship vnto a certaine haven bent, 
Turmvilde in Neptunes watry element. 
Times' Whittle (E. E. T. 8.), p. 1 IX 
In his time Island was turmoilcd with many fierce muti- 
nies, llaklwjt't Voyayet, I. 571. 
Quentln resorted to a solitary walk, . . . and there 
endeavoured to compose his turmailed and scattered 
thoughts. Scott, Quentin thirward, v. 
Il.t intrans. To labor amid trouble, worri- 
ment, or vexation ; be disquieted or in trouble ; 
worry. 
I was once In examination before five or six bishops, 
where I had much turmoiliny. Latimer, Misc. .-'!. 
Some notable Sophister lies sweating and tunnoyling 
under the inevitable and mercilesse dilemma's of Socrates. 
Milton, Apology for Smectymnuus. 
turmoil (ter'moil), w. [Formerly also turmoyle; 
< turmoil, r.] Distracting stir, bustle, commo- 
tion, confusion, or din ; tumult ; disturbance ; 
agitation; trouble; disquiet. 
There I'll rest, as after much turmoil 
A blessed soul doth in Elysium. 
Shot., T. G. of V., ii. 7. i. 
-Syn. Confusion, bustle, uproar, 
turmoiloust, [Early mod. E. termoylous; < 
turmoil + -OM*.] Troublous. 
Saynct Angustyne . . . was surelye an excellent* man. 
of dyuyne wltte, and knowledge, and so trauayled in set- 
tynge foorth Chrfstes true Relygion in those termoylous 
dnyes . . . that he is worthelye called a Doctour and Pyl- 
ler of Christes t'hurche. 
R. Eden, First Books on America (ed. Arber), p. 10. 
turn (tern), v. [Early mod. E. also tourn, torn : 
< ME. turncn. ti/rnen, tirnen (< AS.), slsotourntn, 
tonicn (< OF.); AS. tyrnan, turnian, turn (cf. 
G. turncn, tilt, just, practise gymnastics, also 
MHO. Or. ttirnieren, tilt, just, tourney. = Icel. 
tiirna, turn, turnera, tilt, tourney, < OF.), = 
OF. torner, tourncr, F. towrner = Pr. Sp. Pg. 
tornar = lt. tornare,<.'L. tornare, turn inalathe, 
round off, ML. turn (in various uses) (cf. Or. 
Topvcveiv, work with a turners' chisel, turn in a 
lathe, round off, turn, ropvoi-adat, make round), 
< tornus, < Gr. T&pvoc, a tool used by carpenters 
to draw circles with, a kind of compasses, also a 
turners' chisel ; akin to rop6f, piercing, < reipeiv, 
pierce, L. terere, rub away: see terebrate, trite, 
'*"#] I. trans. 1. To form or fashion (a piece 
of wood or metal), with a chisel, while the 
object is rotated in a lathe; shape, as wood, 
metal, or other hard substance, especially into 
round or rounded figures, by means of a lathe : 
as, to / H ni the legs of a chair or a table ; to turn 
ivory figures. 
A tumid beddstedd corded x. 
Quoted in //. Uatt's Society in Elizabethan Age, App., I. 
I could (urn you a rare handle for that crutch-stick. 
Dictem, Our Mutual Friend, iv. 16. 
2. To round ; execute in rounded outlines 
hriiiR to perfection of shape, form, or style 
hence, to form, fashion, or shape in any way 
as, to turn a sentence. 
The edge ... is decked w ith many pretty litle turned 
pillers, either of marble or free stone, to leane over. 
Coryat, Crudities. I. 205. 
turn 
Bring all to the forge and file again : torn It anew. 
/;. -' Dlscoreriet 
To play with this smooth, rntinil, 
And well-torntd chin, as with the billiard ball. 
/I. Jaiuuu, Devil is an Asa, II. 2. 
But now, my muse, a softer strain rehearse. 
Turn every line with art, ami .MinMith thv verse. 
Additon, The Greatest English I'oets 
Then her shape 
From forehead down to foot perfect again 
From foot to forehead exquisitely lurn'ii. 
Ti-ntiifK'in, Lancelot and Elaine. 
3. To adapt; make suitable, fit. or proper. 
However Improper he might have been for studies of a 
higher nature, he was perfectly well turned fi>r the occu- 
pation of trade and commerce. 
Addition, Spectator, No. 108. 
A man who is not turned fur mirthful meetings of men, 
or assemblies of the fair sex. Kteele, Spectator, No. 49. 
My self not trying, or not turn'd to please, 
May lay the Line, and measure out the Ways. 
Comjrtoe, Of Pleasing. 
4. To cause to revolve about an axis, or to move 
round on or as on a center ; cause to rotate : as, 
to turn a crank. 
She would have made Hercules have turned spit. 
Shot., Much Ado, if. 1. 261. 
5. To execute by whirling or revolving. 
Here IB a boy that loves to run. swim kick football, turn 
somersets. 0. W. Iloima, Professor, vili. 
6. To revolve in the mind ; regard from differ- 
ent points of view ; consider and reconsider ; 
ponder. 
Turn these Ideas about In your mind, and take a view 
of them on all sides. n .. r . 
7. To go, pass, or move round ; go or get round 
or to the other side of : as, to turn the stake- 
boat in a race. 
My tutor appears so able that ... it must be my own 
fault if I am not a complete rogue before 1 turn the corner. 
Sheridan, School for Scandal, lit 1. 
8. To change the course or direction of ; cause 
to move, tend, or be aimed or pointed in an op- 
posite or different direction, or toward a differ- 
ent object, purpose, or the like ; divert from 
one way, course, or channel into another. 
Hell turn your current in a ditch. Shalt., COT., III. 1. 96. 
He had very much turned his studies . . . Into the lives 
of Don Bellianlsof Greece. Guy of Warwick, ''the Seven 
Champions," and other historians of that age. 
Sttele, Taller, No. 95. 
The king now turned his thoughts upon a nobler object. 
Bruce, Source of the Nile, II. 72. 
The king, who would never have made such a devise in 
his better days, was more easily turned from his purpose 
now than he would once have been. 
PieiKott, Ferd. and Isa., II. 24. 
Hence (a) To head off: as, to turn a runaway horse. 
(6) To reverse; repeal. 
God will turn thy captivity, and have compassion upon 
thee. Di nt. xxx. 3. 
It is not in thy power to turn this destiny. 
Fletcher (and another ?), Prophetess, ill. S. 
(c) To direct; aim : as, to (urn the hose on a burning build- 
ing. 
A man, though he turn* his eyes toward an object, yet 
he may choose whether he will curiously survey it. Locke. 
As he gazed with wonder, the youth turned upon him a 
piece of lighted bog-wood which he carried in a lantern. 
Scott, Fair Maid of Perth, xxlx. 
(<f) To put or apply ; use or employ ; utilize: as, to (urn 
everything to advantage or account 
Great Apollo 
Turn all to the best ! Shak., W. T., Hi. 1. 15. 
I am a man out of all business, and would willingly turn 
my head to any thing for an honest livelihood. 
Addison, Spectator, No. 261. 
Some, who turn their travels to the greatest advantage, 
endeavour to mix with the people of the country', and with 
all strangers, in order to make proper observations on cus- 
toms and manners. 
Pococte, Description of the East, II. II. 277. 
(e) To blunt (literally by turning over) : as, to (urn the 
edge of a knife. See the phrase below. (/) To send ; 
drive : force : with of, out, upon, etc. : as, to (urn cattle 
out to feed ; to turn a servant nut of the bouse. 
And jif thel talke of tales vn-trewe, 
Thou (orn hem out of that entent. 
lliltiuut to Virgin, etc. (E. E. T. 8.), p. 108. 
Let me be corrected, 
To break my stubbornness, if It be so. 
Rather than turn me of; and I shall mend. 
Beau, and Fl., Fhilaster, U. 1. 
A vessel sent by some merchants to carry provisions to 
La Tour was fallen into the hands of D'Aulnay, who had 
made prize of her, and turned the men upon nn island. 
Wiiithrop, Hist. Sew England, II. 267. 
9. To change the position of; shift or change to 
or as to the top, bottom, front, or back ; reverse 
or invert; turn upside down or inside out: as. 
to turn an hour-glass; to turn flapjacks on a 
jrriilille; to turn one's cunt. 
If I were angry, I ink-lit turn the Buckle of my Girdle 
behinde me. 
S. Alextander, quoted in Wimvood's Memorial!, i. 468. 
