Turpinia 
6544 
turtle 
Turpinia (ter-pin'i-a), . [NL. (Ventenat, turretl (tui-'et), . [< ME. turet, torct, < OF. turriculate (tu-rik'u-lat) a. [< L turricida. 
J.IUUUUB ^"" t'"' _'!_ T-, * _ is i; ...u. .1 ,< *.,_* omoii tr,mv coo n . 1 itt p tnwpr ( SP fi turricula ). + -ate 1 .} Hav- 
touretle, tourct, a turret or small tower: see 
tower. The W. tiered, tower, is from the E.] 
1. A little tower rising from or otherwise con- 
]so:i), named after P'. J. F. Turpin, a French 
naturalist and artist (1776-1840).] A genus of 
polypetalous plants, of the order Staphylcacee?. 
It Is characterized by a three-lobed ovary indehiscent in 
fruit The 8 species are natives of Asia and America, 
especially in China, India, and the West Indies. They 
are smooth trees or shrubs with terete branchlets bearing 
opposite leaves, usually composed of opposite serrulate 
leaflets. The small white flowers form terminal and axil- 
lary spreading panicles. Some species produce an edible 
drupaceous fruit. T. occidental-is, a tree from 20 to 30 feet 
high, is known as cassava-wood or coromantee drumwood 
in Jamaica. (See drummed.) T. pomifera of India and 
China the toukshama of Burma, a very variable species 
from 12 to 40 feet high, in its typical state bears a fleshy, 
smooth, and roundish yellow, green, or reddish drupe, 
sometimes 2 inches in diameter. 
turpis causa (ter'pis ka'za). [L. : turpis, base, 
vile; causa, cause, reason: see cause.] In Scots 
law, a base or vile consideration on which no 
action can be founded. This would be called in 
English law a consideration contra tonos mores, 
or against public policy. 
turpitude (ter'pi-tud), . [< F. turpitude = It. 
turpititdine, < L. turpitudo, baseness, < turpis, 
base.] Inherent baseness or vileness ; shame- 
ful wickedness ; depravity. 
All maner of conceites that stirre vp any vehement pas- 
sion in a man doo it by some turpitude or euill and vnde- 
cency that is in them. 
Puttenham, Arte of Eng. Poesie, p. 242. 
How wouldst thou have paid 
My better service, when my turpitude 
Thou thus dost crown with gold ! 
Shalt., A. and C., iv. 6. 33. 
Whose political vices, at least, were imputable to men- 
tal incapacity, and to evil counsellors, rather than to any 
natural turpitude of heart. Prescott, Ferd. and Isa., i. 3. nected with a larger building ; a small tower, J 
e oil often crowning or anishing the angle of a wall, ^^ ^ |,,.H S tower': 
Turrets,ihcentury.-MamentrancetotheAbbeyofMontSt.Mlchel. tuniont . IX It. 
Normandy. (From Viollet-le-Duc's Diet, de r Architecture.") "",!'. l_ l _. 
a little tower (see turricula), + -a/e 1 .] 1 . Hav- 
ing turrets; characterized by the presence of 
a number of small towers; turreted. 2. In 
conch., turreted. Also 
turriculated. 
turriculated (tu-rik'u-la- 
ted), a. [< turriculate + 
-cdV.] Same as turricu- 
late, 2. 
turrilite (tur'i-lit), n. [< 
Turrilites.] A fossil am- 
monitoid cephalopod, the 
shells of which occur in the 
cretaceous and greensand 
formations, and which be- 
longs to the genus Tur- 
rilites or a related form. 
The shell is spiral, turreted, and 
sinistral. There are about 37 
species. 
Turrilites (tur-i-li'tez), n. 
[NL. (Lamarck, 1801), < 
L. turns, a tower, + Gr. 
/U0of, stone.] A genus of 
fossil cephalopods, gener- 
ally referred to the family 
Stephanoceratidss, but by 
some considered as the 
type of a family Turrili- 
tidee; the turrilites, as T. 
costatus or T. catenatus. 
Qf 
fortified city or post. 
turps (terps), n. A workmen's name for the 
Turrilites fostatu 
or spirit of turpentine. 
The spirit of turpentine will be designated by the word 
turps, which is in general use, has only one meaning, and 
has the advantage of brevity. 
Spom' Encyc. Manuf., p. 2025. 
turquett, [Appar. < OF. 'Turquet, dim. of 
Tare, Turk : see Turk.] A figure of a Turk or 
Mohammedan. 
Let anti-masques not be long ; they have been com- 
monly of fools, satyrs, baboons, wild men, antics, . . . 
lurquets, nymphs, rustics, Cupids, statues moving, and the 
like. Bacon, Masques and Triumphs (ed. 1887). 
turquoise (ter-koiz' or ter-kez'), n 
of unstable 
forms bein 
after mod 
belonging 
that belonging only to the 
namely ter-koiz': other pronunciations are ter- 
kez', ter-kes'. Now- most commonly spelled 
turquoise, also turkoise, also turquois, turkois, 
etc. TurretBareof two chief classes such as rise imme- 
diately from the ground, as staircase turrets, and such as 
, -. 
see foWM ), + *!.] bee turreted, 4. 
(Lamarck, 
areformedontheupperpartsofabuilding.oftencorbeled Turritella (tur-i-tel'a). n. [NL. ( 
out from the wall and not extending down to the ground, 1799), < L. turritus, towered, + -ella.] 1. The 
as bartizan turrets. See also cuts under peel and bartizan. typieal genug of Turritellidee, having along 
2. In medieval warfare, a movable building of a tu j: ricula b te S pi ra ii y gt riate shell, with rounded 
square form, consisting of ten or even twenty rture ag g im bricata.Z. (I. c.] Any mem- 
stones, and sometimes 180 feet high, usually b r of tn ' is senus 
moved on wheels, and employed in approaches Turritellid ^ (tur-i-tel'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < 
to a fortified place for carrying soldiers,_en- ^ rrMla + .^ A fami ' ly of ffenioglossate 
gines, ladders, etc. 3. Milit., a tower, often 
revolving, for offensive purposes, on land or 
See cut under monitor. 4. In/ier. : (a) 
ho]ostomous gastropods, whose typical genus is 
TurriteHa; the screws or screw-shells. 
ret. [Hare.] 5. In a railroad-car of American 
moilel, the raised part of the middle of the roof, 
utilized for affording light and ventilation.- 
dolphin, Delpliimis 
North Atlantic waters, of rather large size and 
heavy build, with comparatively large and few 
teeth. 2f. [cap.'] Same as Ttirxiops. 
prob. existent) ; = D. turckois, turcoys, now tur- to tmirnct, a ring in the mouth of a bit, < fount, 
koois = MHG. tiirkis, turkoys, turggis, G. two a turn : see turn.'] Same as ferret. 
kiss, tiirkis, now turkiss = Dan. turkis, tyrkis = The silver turrets of his harness. 
Sw. turkos; < OF. turquoise, tourques, F. tur- De Quincey, Eng. Mail Coach. 
quoise = Sp. titrquesa = Pg. turqueza = It. tur- turreted (tur'et-ed), a. [< turret + -ed?.~] 1. 
cliese (ML. reflex tvrchesius), a turquoise, lit. 
' Turkish stone ' (being brought through Turkey 
ult. from Persia, or ' Turkish ' meaning practi- 
cally ' Asiatic ') (of. Turkey-stone) ; fern, of OF. 
Turquois, etc. (ML. "Turcensis), Turkish (see 
Turkeis), < Turt, Turk: see Turk.'] An opaque 
blue or greenish-blue precious stone, consist- 
to the tursio, and including such species as T. 
gilli of the North Pacific, which shares with 
various cetaceans the name cotrfisli. Also for- 
merly Tursio (a name preoccupied in another 
connection). 
Furnished with turrets. 2. In Jtcr., having turtle 1 (ter'tl), n. [< ME. turtle, tnrtle, twtel, 
small towers or turrets set upon it, as a castle 
or a city wall. 3. Formed like a tower: as, a 
turreted lamp. 4. In concJi., having a long or 
towering spire ; turriculated. 
Also turrited. See also cut un- 
der Turrilites. 
ing essentially of a phosphate of aluminium turret-gun (tur'et-gun), . 
containing a little copper and iron. The true or gu n especially designed for use 
Oriental turquoise, a favorite ornamental stone in rings f rP v i v iT,X tnrrpr 
and other articles of jewelry, is found in a mountain re- .' levoivm ret. 
gion in Persia, and was originally brought into western turret-head (tur et-hed), n. The 
Europe by way of Turkey. A variety found in New Mexi- revolving head of a bolt-cutter, 
co, usually of a greenish-blue color, is also used in jewelry. J<; ff Jf night 
The principal locality is in the Los Cerillos Mountains, i.-J.-.-i lofho /tnv'pt 15 TH 1 ! A 
where the turquoise was mined by the Indians in very Mirret-iatne I I-iafH;, M. A 
early times. A greenish turquoise is also found in Nevada. 
See bone-turquoise. 
Turkis and agate and almondine. 
Tennyson, The Merman. 
Reconstructed turquoise, imitation turquoise made 
of finely powered ivory which is deposited in a solution of 
copper. This deposit is dried, baked very slowly, and 
cut. Rock-turquoise, a name given to a matrix of tur- 
screw-cutting lathe the slide of 
which is fitted with a cylindri- 
cal or polygonal block or turret 
pierced around its periphery 
with openings to receive dies, 
which are secured in place by 
set-screws. E. H. Knight. 
turtml, also tortor (also turtre, < OF.), < AS. tur- 
tle = G. turtel(taubc) = OF. turtre, F. tourtre 
(also dim. tourtereau, tourterelle) = Pr. tortre = 
Sp. tortora, tortola = It. tortora, tortola, < L. tur- 
tur, a turtle ; a reduplicated form, prob. imita- 
tive of the cooing of a dove.] A turtle-dove. 
The wedded turtel with her herte trewe. 
Chaucer, Parliament of I'owls, 1. 355. 
Greenland turtle, the sea- pigeon, or Greenland sea-dove, 
Uria grtjlle. See cut under yuillemat. 
turtle' 2 (ter'tl), n. [Formerly also turtle; prob. 
a corruption of tortoise, or an accom. form, first 
used by English sailors, of the Sp. tortiu/a or Pg. 
tiirtaruaa, a tortoise: see tortoise. In either 
case the alteration appears to have been assisted 
Turreted Shell of 
Latfrns pillmlti, a 
member of the Fas- 
ciolariidx. 
quoise when small grains of turquoise are embedded in it. turret-Ship (tur'et-ship), n. An armor-plated 
ne eng 
true turquoise, and those from the new being odontolite, a 
fossil ivory stained with copper. 
turquoise-green (ter-koiz'gren), . A some- 
what pale color intermediate between green 
and blue. 
turr(ter), n. [Burmese.] A three-stringed viol 
used in Burma. 
turrel (tur'el), x. [Prob. ult. < OF. tour, a turn: 
see tour, turn, and cf . turret*.] An auger used 
by coopers. 
deck heavy guns mounted within one or more 
cylindrical iron turrets, which are made to ro- 
tate, so that the guns may be brought to bear 
in any required direction. See monitor, 7. 
turribantt (tur'i-bant), n. Same as turban. 
turricula (tu-rik'u-la), n.; pi. turneulte (-le). 
[ML.,< L. turricula, a little tower, dim. of turris, 
tower: see turrefi, tower.] Any utensil, as a 
candlestick, having the form of a tower, espe- 
cially in ornamental art. 
^->*^>r. ; ~l ' 
Turtle (CA(Yc>/j' nn'riftoratns). 
