typhomania 
A low, muttering delirium with stupor, but with- 
out sleep, as seen in severe cases of typhus 
fever. Also typlionia. 
typhonH (ti'fon), . [< NL. typhon (Bacon), < 
Gr. -vifHjv, also Tv$uf, a furious whirlwind ; cf. 
Tvijtuv, Typhon, one of the giants, son of Ty- 
phoeus, and Twpac, Ivfuei'f, father of Typhon, 
and a god of the winds ; cf. Ti<<j>o;, cloud, smoke, 
mist, < ri'tpeiv, smoke; cf. Skt. dlifipa, smoke. 
Cf. typlius. The word has been merged in ty- 
nlioon, ([. v.] A whirlwind. 
Typhon 2 (ti'fon), n. [< L. Typhon, < Gr. Tvfav, 
one of the giants: see def. and tjrptonl.] 1. 
In Gr. my tli., a son of Typhoeus, and the father 
of the winds: later confused with Ti/phos or 
Typhof'us. 2. The Greek name of the Egyp- 
tian divinity Set, the personification of the 
principle of evil. 3. [L c.] A large East In- 
dian heron, Ardea sumatrana. 
typhonia (ti-fo'ni-a), . [NL., < Gr. ri>0of, 
stupor: see typhus.'] Same as typhomania. 
typhonic (tl-fon'ik), a. [< typhon 1 + -i'c.] Of 
or pertaining to a typhon or typhoon ; having 
the force or character of a typhoon. 
typhoon (tl-fon'), . [Formerly also tyfoon; al- 
tered, in simulation of tphon^,ttOto the earlier 
tuffoon (1680), tuffon (1610), to/on(1567), < Pg. 
tuftto, < Ar. Pers. Hind, tufdu (whence in re- 
cent Anglo-Iud. tufan, too/an, too/ami, touffan), 
a sudden and violent storm, a tempest, hurri- 
cane. The Ar. Pers. Hind, tufan does not ap- 
pear to be original in any of those languages, 
and may have been derived from the Gr. Tvtyiiv, 
whence also E. typhon : see typhoid. Cf. Chi- 
nese t'aifung, ' a great wind' (of any kind) : ta. 
fai, great; fung (also given as fang, ffrig), in 
Canton fong, wind. The term tai fung, a cy- 
clone, a local name in Formosa, may be from 
the Chinese t'aifung in its general sense. The 
Chinese names for typhoon are pao fung, lit. 
'fierce wind,' kiufung, lit. 'cyclone wind'(fci, 
a furious cyclone, whirlwind, a wind which 
comes from four sides at once). The Chinese 
terms have prob. no connection with the Ar. 
Pers. Hind, word.] A violent hurricane oc- 
curring in the China seas and their environs, 
principally during the mouths of July, August, 
September, and October. Typhoons are prolonged 
cyclonic storms of great intensity, and correspond in 
every respect to the West Indian hurricanes which occur 
in the same latitudes in the western hemisphere. 
I went aboord of the shippe of Bengala, at which time it 
was the yeere of Touffon : concerning which Tou/on ye 
are to vnderstand, that in the East Indies often times 
there are not stormes as in other countreys ; but euery 10. 
or 12. yeeres there are such tempests and stormes that it 
is a thing incredible, . . . neither do they know certainly 
what yeere they wil come. Hakluyt't Voyages, II. 370. 
Tuffoont are a particular kind of violent Storm blowing 
on the Coast of Tonquin. . . . It comes on fierce andblows 
very violent, at N. E. twelve hours more or less. . . . 
When the Wind begins to abate, it dies away suddenly, 
and falling flat calm it continues so an Hour, more or less ; 
then the Wind conies about to the S. W., and it blows and 
rains as fierce from thence as it did before at N. E., and as 
long. Dampier, Voyages, II. i. 239. 
typhotoxin (tl-fo-tok'sin), . [< Gr. TIH/IOC, stu- 
por (see typhus), + -O^(IKOV), poison, + -ji|2.] 
A toxin (CyHjyNOa) obtained from cultures of 
the bacillus of typhoid fever. 
typhous (ti'fus), a. [< typh(us) + -os.] Of or 
relating to typhus. 
typh-poison'ftif'poi'zu), n. [< typli(us), ty- 
pli(oid), + poison.'] Poison or virus which when 
admitted into the system produces typh-fever, 
or continued low fevers, as typhus or typhoid. 
typhus (ti'fus), n. [= F. typhus = Sp. tifo = 
Pg. typho = It. tifo = D. G. typhus = Sw. Dan. 
tiff us, < NL. typhus, typhus (cf. L. typhus, pride, 
vanity), < Gr. riiipof, smoke, vapor, mist (hence, 
vanity, conceit), also stupor, esp. stupor arising 
from fever, < r'vfyuv, smoke: see typhon^.'} A 
fever accompanied by great prostration, usu- 
ally delirium, and an eruption of small reddish- 
purple spots; ship-fever; jail-fever. Compare 
typhus fei-er, under fever Abdominal typhus 
fever. See feveri. Malignant bilious typhus fever 
See feveri. Surgical typhus fever, pyemia. Typhus 
abdominalis, typhoid fever. See /!. Typhus am- 
bulatorius, walking typhoid fever. Typhus carce- 
rum, jail-fever. Typhus castrensls, camp-fever. See 
feveri. Typhus exanthematicua, typhus fever. Ty- 
phus fever. See def. and/eneri. Typhus gangliarls 
typhoid fever. Typhus icterodes, yellow fever. See 
feveri. Typhus petechlalls, typhus fever. Typhus 
recurrens, relapsing fever. 
typic (tip'ik), a. [= F. typiquc = Sp. tipico = 
Pg. typico (cf. D. G. typisch = Sw. Dan. typisle), 
C L. typicus, < Gr. rwrutdc, of or pertaining to a 
type, conformable, typical, < riirof, impression, 
type : see type.'] Constituting or representing 
a type ; typical. [Rare.] 
connotative : as, a typical example or specii 
typical markings, colors, or limbs Typical i 
6564 
Thou Gracious deign'st to let the fair One view 
Her Typic People. 
Prior, Second Hymn of Callimachus. 
Here 's Smith already swearing at my feet 
That I'm the typic she. Away with Smith ! 
Mrs. Browning, Aurora Leigh, ix. 
Typlc fever, a fever that is regular in its attacks, or that 
follows a particular type: opposed to erratic fever. 
typical (tip'i-kal), a. [< LL. typicalis, < L. 
typicus, typic: see typic and -a?.] 1. Having 
the character of a significant or symbolic type ; 
serving as an index or a symbol of something 
past, present, or to come ; representative ; em- 
blematic ; illustrative. 
The description is, as sorted best to the apprehension of 
those times, typicall and shadowie. 
Milton, Church-Government, i. 2. 
On the right hand of Popery sat Judaism, represented 
by an old man embroidered with phylacteries, and distin- 
guished by many typical figures, which I had not skill 
enough to unriddle. Addison, Tatler, No. 257. 
Typical remains of every disposition must continue 
traceable even to the remotest future. 
H. Spencer, Social Statics, p. 329. 
2. Constituting or conforming to a type or pat- 
tern ; representative in kind or quality ; serv- 
ing as a characteristic example of a group or 
an aggregate : as, a typical animal, plant, spe- 
cies, or genus; a typical building; typical con- 
duct. Also typal. Compare attypical, etypical, 
subtypical. 
I need hardly name David and Jonathan : yet I cannot 
pass them by ; for theirs is, and will remain, the typical 
friendship of the world. N. A. Ren., CXXXIX. 455. 
3. Of or pertaining to a type or types: signifi- 
cantly characteristic or illustrative; indicative ; 
si men ; 
Typical cells, 
in bet. , same as fundamental cells (which see, under fun- 
damental). 
typicality (tip-i-kal'i-ti), n. [< typical + -ity.'] 
Tne fact or state of being typical ; existence 
as a type or symbol ; also, adherence to types 
or standards. [Rare.] 
Such men . . . have spurned the empty typicality of 
the church whenever she has pretended to appease that 
immortal want [of a really divine righteousness). 
H. James, Subs, and Shad., p. 222. 
typically (tip'i-kal-i), adv. In a typical man- 
ner; representatively; symbolically. 
Other Levitical lambs took away sin typically, this 
really. Rev. T. Adams, Works, II. 113. 
In the Eucharist he [Christ) still is figured . . . more 
clearly, but yet still but typically, or in figure. 
Jer. Taylor, Dissuasive from Popery, II. ii. 3. 
typicalness (tip'i-kal-nes), . The state of 
being typical, 
typicum (tip'i-kum), n. [< MGr. TVWIKOV, a book 
of ritual, an imperial decree, neut. of Gr. rmi- 
wif, of or pertaining to a type: see typic.] In 
the Gr. Ch., same as directory, 1. 
Typidentata (ti*pi-den-ta'ta), n. pi. [NL., < 
L. ti/pus, type, + dentatus, toothed.] A division 
of placental mammals, containing all except- 
ing_the Edentata. 
typification (tip'i-fi-ka'shon), >i. [< typify + 
-ie-at-ioH.] The act or state of typifying, 
typifier (tip'i-fi-er), n. [< typify + -cr*.] One 
wno or that which typifies. 
A modern typifier, who deals only in similitudes and 
correspondences. Warburton, Works, XI. 403. 
typify (tip'i-fi). f. t. ; pret. and pp. typified, ppr. 
typifying. [< L. typus, type, + facere, make 
(see -/#).] 1 . To represent by an image, form, 
model, or resemblance ; show forth ; prefigure. 
Our Saviour was typified indeed by the goat that was 
slain. Sir T. Browne, Vulg. Err. 
2. To be or constitute a type of; embody the 
typical characteristics of; exemplify: as, the 
tiger typifies all the animals of the cat kind. 
typist (ti'pist), n. [< type + -'.] One who 
uses a type-writer. [Recent.] 
typo i(ti'po), n. [Abbr. of typographer."] A com- 
positor. [Colloq.] 
typocosmy (ti'po-koz-mi), u. [< Gr. rvirof, type, 
+ n6o[ios, the world.] A representation of the 
world ; universal terminology. [Rare.] 
Books of typocosmy, which have been made since ; being 
nothing but a mass of words of all arts, to give men coun- 
tenance, that those which use the terms might be thought 
to understand the art. 
Bacon, Advancement of Learning, ii. 
Typodontia (ti-po-don'shiS,), n.pl. [NL., < Gr. 
Ttnrof, type, T bSovq (OOOVT-) = E. tooth.'] In 
Blyth's edition of Cuvier, an order of placental 
Mammalia, comprehending the Biinana, Quad- 
rwnana, and Carnaria (carnassiers) of Cuvier; 
one of two orders constituting Blyth's zoopha- 
gous type of mammals. [Not in use.] 
typo-etching (ti'po-ech"ing), . The process 
of making a plate for relief printing by etching 
typtologist 
with acid the parts of the surface of a stone 
which have not previously been protected. See 
lithography. Encyc. Brit., XXIII. 704. 
typog. An abbreviation of typography or typog- 
rapher. 
typograph (ti'po- or tip'o-graf ), n. [< Gr. TOTTOC, 
type, + ypatjiia, < ypd<j>eiv, write.] A type-mak- 
ing and type-setting machine. Science, VIII. 
252. 
typographer (ti-pog'ra-fer), n. [< typograph-y 
+ -er 1 .] 1. One who prints with or from types, 
or by typographic process. 
There is a very ancient edition of this work [Justinian's 
" Institutes " j, without date, place, or typographer. 
T. Wartan, Hist. Eng. Poetry, II. 881, note. 
2. A beetle of the genus Bostrychus, as B. 1y- 
pograpliicus : so called from the characteristic 
markings its larva makes on the bark of trees. 
typographic (tip-6- or ti-po-graf'ik), a. [= F. 
typographique = Sp. tipoyrdfico = Pg. typogra- 
phico = It. tipografico ; as typograph-y + -ic.~] 
Of or pertaining to the art of printing from 
types, woodcuts, or plates in high relief. 
Typographic machine, a machine for impressing a ma- 
trix from which a stereotype plate may be cast. It has 
keys which, as they are depressed, operate types in the or- 
der desired. E. H. Knight. Typographic point. See 
paint*, 14 (ft). 
typographical (tip-o- or ti-po-graf'i-kal), a. [< 
typographic + -a?.] 1. Of or pertaining to ty- 
pography, or the use or manipulation of types 
for printing: as, typographical errors. 2f. Em- 
blematic; figurative; typical. 
typographically (tip-o- or ti-po-graf'i-kal-i), 
adv. 1. By means of types ; after the manner 
of type-printers, as opposed to lithographic 
or copperplate methods. 2f. Emblematically; 
figuratively. 
typographist (ti-pog'ra-fist), n. [< typograpli-y 
+ -ist.~\ A student of typography; a person 
concerned with the art or history of printing. 
Athenseum, No. 3282, p. 412. [Rare.] 
typography (ti-pog'ra-fi), n. [= F. typographic 
= Sp. tipoyrafia = Pg. typof/raphia = It. tipo- 
grafia = G. typographic = Sw. Dan. typografi, 
< Gr. rtm-of , impression, type, + -ypa^la, < ypaQetv, 
write.] 1. The art of composing types and 
printing from them. 
Caxton taught us typography about the year 1474. 
Johnson, Idler, No. 69. 
2. In a restricted use, type-work ; the branch 
of printing connected with composition ; the 
preparation of matter in type for use in print- 
ing. 3. The general character or appearance 
of printed matter. 4f. Emblematical or hiero- 
glyphic representation. Sir T. Browne, Vulg. 
Err. 
typolite (tip'o-lit), n. [< Gr. TWTOC, impression, 
+ Aiffof, stone.] A stone or petrifaction im- 
pressed with the figure of an animal or a plant ; 
a fossil, in an ordinary paleontological sense. 
typological (tip-o- or tl-po-loj'i-kal), a. [< ty- 
polog-y + -ic-al.'] Of or pertaining to typology ; 
relating to types or symbols: as, typological 
exegesis. Encyc. Brit., XI. 606. 
typology (tl-pol'o-ji), . [< Gr. nVof, type, 
+ -Xoy/a, < Ayv, speak: see -ology.~] The doc- 
trine of types or symbols ; a discourse on types, 
especially those of Scripture. 
typomania (tip-o- or ti-po-ma'ni-ii), n. [< Gr. 
rwrof, type, + pavta, madness.] A mania for 
the use of printing-types ; a strong propensity 
to write for publication. [Humorous.] 
The slender intellectual endowments and limited vital 
resources which are so very frequently observed in asso- 
ciation with typomania. 
0. W. Holmes, The Atlantic, LI. 66. 
typonym (tl'po-nim), . [< Gr. Tiirof, type, + 
ovvfia, name.] In zool. and hot., a name based 
upon an indication of a type species or of a type 
specimen. Coues, The Auk (1884), VI. 321. 
typonymal (tl-pon'i-mal), a. Same as typo- 
nijmic. 
typonymic (tip-o- or tl-po-nim'ik), a. [< typo- 
nym + -ic.] Named with reference to a type, 
as a genus whose type species is declared, or a 
species a type specimen of which is recorded. 
Coues, 1885. 
typorama (tip-o- or ti-po-ra'ma), . [< Gr. ri- 
irof, type, + bpa/ia, view: see panorama.] A 
view of something consisting of a detailed plan 
ormodel; a representation in facsimile. [Rare.] 
The typorama, a plaster of Paris model of the Under- 
cliif, Isle of Wight. First Year of a Silken Reign, p. 214. 
typtplogical (tip-to-loj'i-kal), a. [< typtolog-y 
+ -ic-al.'] Of or pertaining to typtology. 
typtologist (tip-tol'o-jist), n. [< typtolog-y + 
-ist.'\ In spiritualism, one by whose agency the 
