Ujimyia 
by tin' sllkwnnn, the i-unx hatching ami the larvw de- 
veloping within thr Ixnlv of tin- littler, instead of, as Is 
usual with tachlna-fliea, laying its eggs upon the liody of 
the worm. Sri 1 Lettkia. 
U. K. All abbreviation of United Kint/ilnm (of 
Great Britain mid Inland). 
ukase (ii-kuV), n. [= F. /.-, H*V*T = Sp. 
iti'iixc = }>. ukase = (. iikax, < ROM. ukazu, an 
ordinance, ediel ; >!'. iil.-n.-.-iiirnti, i/l:n~nti, show, 
indicate, order, prescribe, < y- + kn;ati, .show.] 
1. An edict or order, legislative or adminis- 
trative, emanating from the Kussian govern- 
ment. rknsi'S have the force of laws till they are an- 
nulled by subsequent decisions. A collection of the ukases 
issued at different prrioils, mn:lu by order of the emperor 
Nicholas, and supplemented since year hy year, constitutes 
tile legal code of the Kussian empire. 
In former times, cruel punishments with whips used to 
he ordained in episcopal circulars as well as in Imperial 
ukanet. A. J. C. Hare, Russia, I. 
Hence 2. Any official proclamation. 
Lord Canning Is probably not nearly as enthusiastic with 
respect to the effect of the Proclamation as he was last 
March, when he issued his famous ukase to the landlords 
of Oude. II . II. Jtumell, Diary in India, II. 280. 
ulan, n. See nhliiii. 
ulcer (ul'ser), w. [= F. ulcere = Sp. Pg. ulcera 
= It. ulcera, ulcere, ulcero, < L. uleus (ulcer-), 
also liulciin (hulcer-), a sore, ulcer, = Gr. f>w, 
a wound, sore, ulcer.] 1. A gore in any of 
the soft parts of the body, open either to the 
surface or to some natural cavity, and attend- 
ed with a secretion of pus or some kind of 
discharge ; a solution of continuity of the skin 
of the body, or of the investing tissue of any 
natural cavity, the result of morbid action, not 
of mechanical injury nor of a healthy repara- 
tive process. A wound may become un ulcer, hut Is 
not such unless diseased action fa set up. An abscess is 
an ulccration within the tissue of a part which has formed 
a morbid excavation with a contracted orifice or none. Ul- 
cers have been divided into local and constitutional, but 
the distinction is not obvious. They are also treated as 
simple or specific sores. Most ulcers are both constitution- 
al and specific that Is, the local exhibition of a specific 
poison which infects the whole system, as the diphtheritic, 
the syphilitic, or the carcinomatous ; others are less ob- 
viously spiviii,-. as the scrofulous or the scorbutic. 
2. Hence, figuratively, a sore, blot, stain, or 
cause of reproach, in an ethical sense : as, an 
ulcer of the body politic. 
To feed the living ulcer of a corroding memory. 
Burke, Rev. In France. 
Aden or Aleppo Ulcer, a cutaneous affection occurring 
in the East, which, beginning as a small red papule, grows, 
suppurates, and finally ulcerates. The etiology is obscure, 
and apparently there has been great freedom in the appli- 
cation of the name to skin-diseases of this type when oc- 
curring in the East. There seems to be no essential dif- 
ference in the meaning of the following terms : Delhi boil, 
Aleppo eeil, Aleppo boil, Aleppo ffall, Biskra button, Pend- 
jeh ulcer, Delhi sore, Oriental gore, Pergian ulcer, and many 
others qualified by the name of some Eastern town or coun- 
try. They are all classed under the one name endemic 
ulcer. Perforating ulcer of the foot. See perforat- 
ing. Varicose ulcer. See varicose. Warty ulcer. See 
warty. 
ulcer (ul'ser), t'. i. and t. [< OF. ulcerer. F. /- 
cerer = Sp. Pg. ulccrar = It. ulcerate, < L. ulce- 
rare, make sore, < /c*' (ulcer-), a sore, ulcer: 
see nicer, .] To ulcerate. Fuller, Holy and 
Profane State, V. vi. 3. [Rare.] 
ulcerable (ul'ser-a-bl), a. [< ulcer + -able.'] 
Capable of becoming ulcerated. 
ulcerate (ul'ser-at), r.; pret. and pp. ulcerated, 
ppr. ulcerating. [< L. ulceratus, pp. otulcerare, 
make sore: see ulcer, r.] I. intrans. To form an 
ulcer or ulcers; become converted into an ulcer. 
II. trnny. To affect with, or as with, an ulcer 
or ulcers. 
Some depend upon the intemperament of the port "/- 
cerated; others upon the continual afflux of the lacerative 
humours. Harvey, Consumptions. 
His heart was ulcerated with hatred. 
Macaulay, Frederic the Great. 
Ulcerated tooth, a popular term for purulent inflam- 
mation of the gums about a decayed, dead, or loose tooth. 
ulceration (ul-se-ra'shon), n. [< OF. alteration, 
F. ulctration = Sp. ulccracion = Pg. ulcera^o 
= It. ulcerazione, < L. ulceratio(n-), a breaking 
out into sores, < ulcerare, pp. ulceratux, make 
sore: see ulcer, ulcerate, v.] 1. The formation 
of an ulcer. 2. The result of such formation; 
an ulcer. 
ulcerative (ul'se-ra-tiv), a. [< OF. itlceratif, 
F. ulcera tif=: Pr. iiiccrntiu = Sp. It. ulcera tiro : 
as ulcerate + -ire.] 1. Pertaining to or of the 
nature of an ulcer or ulcers. 2. Causing or pro- 
ducing ulcers. Holland, tr. of Pliny, xxiii. 2. 
ulceratory (ul'se-ra-to-ri), . [< 'ulo rate + 
-/!/] Ulcerative. 
ulcered (ul'sOrd), . [</< + -<<&.] Having 
become un ulcer; affected with an ulcer; ul- 
cerated. 
6569 
ulcerous (ul'ser-us), a. [< OF. uleerevx, F. 
nli-i'-i-fiif = Sp. Pg. It. ulceroso, < L. vlcerosti*, 
full of sores, < ulcux (ulcer-), a sore: see w/r/r. | 
1. Pertaining to or of the nature of an ulcer or 
ulcers. 
She whom the spital-house and ulcerout ton* 
Would cast the gorge at. Ska*., 1. of A., Ir. 8. 39. 
2. Exhibiting nlceration; affected with un ul- 
cer or ulcers. 
Strangely visited people, 
All swoln and ulcerout. Shak. , Macbeth, IT. S. 161. 
Ulcerous stomatitis. See ttumatitu. 
ulcerously (nl'tte-M-H), tnlr. In an ulcerous 
manner. 
ulcerousness (ul'ser-us-ues), n. The state of 
being ulcerous. 
ulcuscle (ul'kus-1), ii. [< L. ulcuHi'uliiin, dim. of 
ulcus (ulcer-), a sore: M e ulctr."] Same as '- 
ruscule. 
ulcuscule (ul-kiis'kul), H. [< L. iilciiKi-iitinn : see 
iiii-H.irli-.] A small ulcer. 
ule (u'le), M. [< Mex. ale, hule, caoutchouc.] 
The ule-tree. 
-ule. [F. -ule = Sp. Pg. -ulo = It. -ulo, -olo, < 
L. -ulus, m., -via, t., -utuiii, n., a dim. termina- 
tion. Cf. -cute, -ele.~\ A diminutive termina- 
tion in many words from the Latin, as in <vi//- 
nule, glandule, alobule, nodule, etc. It often ap- 
pears unrecognized as -If, as in circle, scruple, etc., and in 
the original Latin fonn -ulwt in calculus, annulun, etc. 
It also appears in the compound terminations -cult, -de 
(which see). It is much used In the formation of new 
terms In zoology and botany. 
ulema (6"le-rajj), w. [= F. ulema, ouleina = Sp. 
ulema, < Ar. 'ulema, pi. of Vi/i'm, learned, one 
who knows, < 'alama, know: see alma.'} The 
Moslem doctors of sacred law and theological 
science, especially those belonging to the re- 
ligious hierarchy of the Turkish empire, with 
the Sheik ul Islam at their head: a collective 
term. 
ule-tree (u'le-tre), n. A Mexican tree, Ctistilloa 
elastica, from the milky juice of which caout- 
chouc is obtained. See cut under Castilloa. 
Ulex (u'leks), . [NL. (Linnaeus, 1737), < L. 
ulex, a shrub resembling rosemary ; according 
to some, furze, or perhaps Antliyllig Herman- 
ii.] A genus of leguminous plants, of the 
tribe (rPiiMfewandsubtribe Cytixesp ; the furze. 
It is distinguished from the related genus Cytisut by its 
deeply two-lipped membranous and colored calyx. It in- 
cludes about 10 or 12 species, natives of western Europe 
or northwestern Africa one species, 17. nanus, extending 
east nearly to Nice ; and another, V. Kurojurus, perhaps to 
1- lowering Branch of Furze it 'lex 
a, flower ; f>, fruit ; c, branch with leaves and spines (transformed 
branches). 
Tuscany. They are spiny shrubs without genuine leaves, 
the leaves being reduced to a spine, petiole, or scale. The 
yellow flowers are solitary or racemose at the ends of the 
branches. For Ulex ocnistoides (Stauracanthus aphylltut), 
see cross-fpine. U. Kuropteus, which also extends to the 
Azores ana Canary Islands, and occurs naturalized on high 
mountains in Jamaica, is the common furze, gone, or whin 
of Great Britain. See furze. 
Ulexine (u'lek-sin). M. [< Ulex + -ine 2 .] An 
alkaloid prepared from Ulex Europteus, the 
common gorse or furze. It has been employed 
as a diuretic in cases of dropsy due to heart- 
disease. 
ulexite (u'lek-sit), H. [Named after G. L. Ulex, 
a German chemist.] A hydrous borate of cal- 
cium and sodium, occurring in loose rounded 
masses with fibrous structure and white color. 
Also called hin-oiuitrocalcitc, iiatroborocalcite. 
uliginose (u-lij'i-nos), <r. [< ME. unifinone, < L. 
itlii/iiinxii,-, : see iiliiiiiious.] 1. Moist; muddy; 
uliginous, rnlladiu*. Hiisbondrie (E. K. T. 8.), 
TJlmus 
p. 180. 2. In lint, liint.. living or Rfwi'ik' in 
tin' mud or in muddy plai--~. Also ///(//.< .. 
uliginOUS (n-li.i'i nu.-;,'i. [< !'. nliiiiin us = It. 
II/II/IIIII.--H. < I.. Hilt/muslin, full of iniiistiin'. "lamp, 
< ulit/o, moisture, marshiness, for *iirilii/<>. < 
tirwc.be wet or damp: s<'e liiimni. ('(. 
MM.J Minlily; oozy; slimy. H'niii 
ullage (uraj), ii. [< OF. iiiiini/f. t 
filling up of leakie wine vessels" 
in illir, rulliir, iniillin; "fill up wiiif ve-srls t li:d 
have leaked " (Cotgrave), lit. fill to the 'eye* or 
bung, < ocil, eye, < L. oeuliix, eye : *ee (//. 
eyelet. According to Skeat, the OF. verb is 
prpb. < OF. eure. ore, border, brim, < L. urn, 
brim : see or/.] In com., the wantage of a cask, 
or the estimated measure of the empty part of 
a cask of liquor. 
ullet (ul'et), w. [A dial, form of otr/et.] A 
howlet. or hoot-owl; specifically, the tawny, 
brown, or brood owl, Strif (or Nijniiiim) aluco. 
Ullmannia (ul-man'i-ii). 11. [NL., named after 
J. C. rilmann, a German mineralogist and 
statesman (1771-1821).] The name given by 
G8pj>ert (in 1850) to a fossil plant previously 
considered to belong to the Algx, but now 
placed among tlte conifers. Only leaves and items 
of this plant, found chiefly In the 1'ermlan. are as yet 
known, which is placed hy Schenk, together with Walchia 
and Payitrphyllum. In the family Walchiffr. 
ullmannite (ul'man-It), . [Named after J. C. 
rilmann: see Ullmannia.] A sulphid of nickel 
and antimony, part of the latter being fre- 
quently replaced by arsenic. It generally oc- 
curs massive with a granular structure, and in 
of a gray color with a metallic luster. 
Ulloa's circle. See circle of I'lloa, under circle. 
Ulmaceae (ul-ma'se-e), w. pi. [NL. (Mirbel, 
1815), < I InniM + -accse.'] A former order of 
plants, the elm family, consisting of the two 
tribes I'lmese and Celtidex, both now classed 
under the order I'rticacese. 
ulmaceous (ul-ma'shius), a. In hot., of or per- 
taining to the I'lmaccfe. 
Ulmeae (nl'me-e), n.pl. [NL. (Lindley, 1847), < 
UlniiiH T -<'*.] A tribe of trees, the elm tribe, of 
the order Urtiearex. It is characterized by erect an- 
thers, two stigmatose style-branches, a straight embryo 
with broad cotyledons, flower-buds produced on leafless 
yearly branches, and a compressed fruit with oblique apex, 
commonly a dry samara. The tribe Includes, besides the 
type genus Ulmus, thiee monotypic genera two of India 
and Brazil, and one, Planera, native In the United States. 
ulmic (ul'mik), a. [< L. iilmiig, elm, + -if.] 
Noting an acid found in earth-mold, a product 
of the decay of vegetable matter. See ulmin. 
ulmin (ul'min), H. [< L. ulmux, elm, + -in".] 
1. A name given to various substances which 
are present in vegetable mold, peat, etc. The 
name has also been applied to a dark-orown substance 
which exudes from the elm. oak, and various other trees. 
It has also been called humus, humin, gein. See humut. 
2. A brown substance produced by the action 
of strong acids or alkalis on various organic 
bodies, especially by heating treacle or alcohol 
with strong sulphuric acid, thoroughly wash- 
ing the residue with water, then triturating it 
with gum, nnd drying the mixture. 
ulmo (ul'mo), M. A rosaceous tree of Chili : 
same as luuermn. 
ulmOUS (ul'mus), a. [< L. ulmim, elm, + -ous.] 
In diem., noting a group of brown or black sub- 
stances in which ulmin or ulmic acid is pres- 
ent, occurring in vegetable mold, peat, etc; 
humous. 
Ulmus (ul'mus), ii. [NL. (Tournefort, 1700), 
< L. ulmim, elm: see elm.] A genus of trees, 
the elms, type of the tribe Ulmese in the order 
I'rticaceae. It is characterized by a stalked fruit sur- 
rounded with a broad wing, and containing flat cotyledons. 
There are about IB species, widely scattered through the 
north temperate regions, extending In Atia to mountains 
within the tropics. They bear alternate serrate two- 
ranked feather-veined leaves on slender and often re- 
curving branches which form a graceful flat spray. The 
flower-clusters contain numerous small apetalons flowers, 
almost all perfect or mainly staminate, in 4 North Amer- 
ican species preceding the leaves, and followed by disk- 
like notched and veiny samaras, which fall as the leaves 
expand. (See cut under rntnara.) .Several other species 
are evergreen and late-flowering, as U. parnfulia of 
China and Japan. Five species occur in the I nited 
States (for which see elm, slippery-elm, rock-elm, and 
traAoo). Three species occur in Europe, all of them ex- 
tending into Asia U. campeftrit, the common Old World 
elm (see cut under elm\ parent of very numerous cul- 
tivated varieties; {7. tfwa (IT. ptduwulala). the water- 
elm of central Europe ; and U. montana, the wych-elm, 
the only one thought to be native to Great liritain. r. 
Americana, U. efuga, and also U. Wallichiana, the Hima- 
layan elm, sometimes reach a very large size, from to to 
100 feet high, and 7 to 8 feet In diameter. U. pumilii. tin- 
dwarf elm of Siberia, a very low shrub, forms the other 
extreme of the genus. U. efusa, the common village elm 
of Prussia, is peculiar in forming sharp ribs about its base 
In old age, which serve as natural Imttresw*. 
