umbrella-bird 
umbrella-bird (uiii-brcl'ij-biTd), . One of 
sc vi -rii I dngoon-bir(U,or Bontb American fruit- 
crows, of tin 1 genus t'i'phiilii/i/i-rii.'i: so railed 
Umbrella-bird (Cefhalofttritr ornalus). 
from the radiating crest which overshadows 
the head, as in 6'. ornatiu, C. penduliger, and 
('. alabrii-nllix. 
Umbrellacea (um-bre-lii'se-il), . [NL., < Um- 
brella + -area.:] Saino as '['mbrellida. Menke, 
1828. 
umbrellaed (um-brel'ad), a. [< umbrella + 
-erf 2 .] Having, or protected by, an umbrella. 
[Colloq.] 
The opening door reveals the advent of more umbrel- 
laed and mackintoshcd waterfalls. 
Rhoda Braughtan, Alas, I. 
umbrella-fir (um-brel'a-fer), . Same as um- 
brella-piin: 
umbrella-grass (iim-brel'a-gras), n. 1. An 
Australian grass, Vnnicum (lccom/>ositum, whose 
millet-like seeds are made by the natives into 
cakes. Also called Australian millet. It is a 
semi-aquatic plant, often tall and stout, capable of thriv- 
ing in poor soils. 
2. The Australian grass Aristida ramosa. 3. 
A cyperaceous plant of the genus Fnirena. 
umbrella-leaf (uni-brel'a-lef), n. A plant of 
the Bcrbcridacese, Diphylleia cymosu, found in 
wet or springy places in the mountains of Vir- 
ginia and southward. It has a thick horizontal root- 
stock sending up each year a huge, centrally peltate, cut- 
lohed and rounded leaf, or n flowering stem with two leaves, 
peltate near the side, the stem terminated by a cyme of 
white flowers. The genus has but one other species, which 
belongs to Japan. 
umbrella-man (um-brel'a-man), n. A dealer 
who has a small stand under an umbrella. 
I learned from one umbrella man that, six or seven 
years previously, he used to sell more portraits of "Mr. 
Edmund Kean as Richard III." than anything else. 
Mtiyhew, London Labour and London Poor, I. 329. 
umbrella-palm (um-brel'ii-pam), n. See um- 
brclhi iniliii, under palm-. 
umbrella-pine (um-brel'a-pln), . See Scia- 
dopili/x. 
umbrella-shell (um-brera-shel), H. A shell of 
the family I mbrcllidie, and especially of the 
genus I'liilii-i'lla ; an umbrella. See cut under 
umbrella. 
umbrella-stand (um-lirel'fi-stand), . A stand 
for holding umbrellas. lii a usual form, it has an 
upright surrounded at a convenient height by a number 
of rings, through any of which a folded umbrella may be 
thrust, and a pan at the bottom to receive water trickling 
from wet umbrellas. Sometimes it has the form of a 
large metal or porcelain jar. 
umbrella-tree (um-brera-tre), . 1. An Amer- 
ican magnolia, Magnolia tripelala (M. Umbrel- 
la), widely distributed, but not common, from 
Pennsylvania southward and south westward. 
It is a tree of 30 or 40 feet, with irregular branches, and 
leaves 18 or 20 inches long by 8 or 10 inches broad : these, 
radiating from the ends of the shoots, suggest the name. 
The flowers are cream-white, 4 or 5 inches deep, unpleas- 
antly scented. The tree is fairly hardy, and frequently 
planted for ornament. The bark, like that of other mag- 
nolias, has the property of a gentle stimulant aromatic 
tonic. Also called rllneood (which see). The screw-pine, 
Pandanu* odoratitfimwt, is also called by this name. 
2. SIT Tin n/x-.ti *.- Ear-leafed, umbrella-tree, -tfnfl- 
nolia Fraseri, otherwise called mmtntain in:nuilia and 
long-leafed cucumber-tree, similar to .V. tripctala, but hav- 
ing the leaves auriuleil at the base, sweet-scented flow, 
era. etc. Guinea umbrella-tree, Hibisnis (I'aritium) 
tiniiteeiuiiK. -Umbrella-tree of Queensland, Bramaia 
iii-h'iinptitiltn, of the Araliaceie, a Handsome tree 40 feet 
high. 
umbrella-wort (um-brel'a-wert), . See Osy- 
tapfcw, 
6575 
Umbrellidse (um-breri-de), . pi. [M,. (.1. K. 
Cray, 1*40), < I'mlin-lla + -idir.] A family of 
ideiirobrimi'hiiito gastropods, named from tlie 
genus t'mlin lln. See cut under umbrella. 
umbrellot (um-brel'6), w. An obsolete form of 
Illtllll't ill! . 
umbreret, . [Kurly mod. E. also ////<,/.,/ 
(also umber: see uniln ;' ) ; < M K. umlim-i-, oum- 
brcre, < OF. omliniirc, "ombriere, a shade, the 
shade over the sight of a helmet, sometimes 
attached to the vizor, < ombre, shade: see um- 
ber 1 .] Same as umhrrl, 3. 
Knrlifi downe to the cors, and kaught it in armcs, 
Kastys upe his umbrrrr, and kysses hyme gone! 
Marlf Arthurt (E. . T. 8.), 1. 3963. 
But the brave Mayd would not disarmed bee, 
But onely vented up her timimere, 
And so did let her goodly visage to appere. 
Speruer, V. Q., III. I. 42. 
umbrette (um-bref), n. [< F. ombrette, dim. of 
ombre, shade.] The umber or umber-bird. See 
cut under Scopus. 
Umbrian (um/bri-an), a. and n. [= F. Ombri- 
<n, < \i. I'mbria, < I'mbri, a people of Italy (see 
def.).] I. a. Of or pertaining to Umbria, an an- 
cient region of central Italy, and compartimeii- 
to of the modern kingdom, or its inhabitants 
or language Umbrian school of painting, one of 
the chief groups of development in Italian art, which as- 
sumed a distinctive character toward the end of the four- 
teenth century, and was preeminent at the beginning of the 
sixteenth. Amongitsmost notable masters were Ottavlano 
Nelli of Gubbio, Gentile da Fabriano, the graceful Fiero 
della Francesca, Perugino (the able master of KaphaelX 
I'intiuicchio, and the wonderfully facile and gifted Ra- 
phael of Urblno, with the many lesser names which cluster 
about his. Umbrian ware, a name formerly given to 
Italian majolica, from the number of factories of this ware 
contained within the limits of Umbria. 
II. n. 1. One of an ancient Italian people 
who inhabited Umbria. 2. The language of 
the Umbrians: it was an Italic tongue, allied to 
Oscan and more distantly to Latin. Its chief 
monument is the Eugubine tables. See Eugu- 
bine. 
UmbridsB (um'bri-de), n.pl. [NL.,< Umbra + 
-idle.] A family of Scanthopterygian fishes, typi- 
fied by the genus Umbra; the mud-minnows. 
They are small carnivorous flshes living In the mud, or 
among the weeds of ponds and sluggish streams, extreme- 
ly tenacious of life, and able to survive when the water is 
almost dried up. The relationships of the family are close 
with the pikes (Esocida). See minnow, and cut under 
Umbra. 
umbrieret, See umbrere. 
umbriferous (um-brif 'e-rus), a. [< L. umbrij'er, 
shade-giving, shady, < umbra, shade, + ferre = 
E. bear 1 .] Casting or making a shade. Blount, 
Glossographia (1670). 
umbriferously (um-brif'e-rus-li), adv. So as 
to make or cast a shade fas, "growing umbrif- 
erously," Tyndall. 
umbrilt, Same as vmbrel. 
Umbrina (um-bri'na), n. [NL. (Cuvier, 1817), 
< Sp. umbrina, < L. umbra, shade, shadow : see 
umbra.] 1. A genus of scieenoid fishes, hav- 
ing the dorsals contiguous, the second dorsal 
much larger than the anal, vertebrae about 10 
abdominal and 14 caudal, lower jaw not pro- 
Bearded Umbrioe {I'mbrintt tirroia), one fifth natural size. 
jecting, hvpopharyngeals distinct, a single bar- 
bel, an air-bladder, and two anal spines. The 
type is AViVrnn cirrhosa of Linntens, now U. cirrota. Spe- 
cies are found In most warm seas. U. brouaonrti inhabits 
West Indian and Florida waters. ' ' . rtmcador, the yellow - 
flnned roncador of the Pacific coast, is one of the handsom- 
est sctenoids, about 15 inches long. 
2. II. c.] A fish of this genus; an umbra orum- 
brine. 3. In entom., a genus of dipterous in- 
sects. Desvoidy, 1830. 
umbrine (um'brin), n. [< F. umbrine (Cot- 
grave), < NL. umbrina: see Umbrina.] A fish 
of the genus Umbrina; an umbra; specifically, 
U. cirrosa, known to the ancients, now the 
eorro of the Italians, ranging in the Mediter- 
ranean, and southward along the west coast of 
Africa. See cut under Umbrina. 
umbrose (um'bros), a. [= F. ombreuz = Sp. 
Pg. umbroso = It. ombroso, < L. umbrosus, full 
of shade, shady. < umbra, shade, shadow : see 
umbra.] If. Shady; casting a large shadow 
umwhile 
or heavy shade. Bailey, 1731. 2. In orm'fA., 
dusky : 'dark-colored Umbrose warblert. 8e 
umbrosityt (um-bros'i-ti), H. [< L. as if *um- 
lii'iixita(t-)it, < umhrniniH, shady: see iimbrose.] 
Tin- state or quality of being umbrose; shadi- 
ncss. Nil- T. Jirotcne, Vulg. Err., ii. I. 
umiak (iim'yak), . [Eskimo umiak, also writ- 
ten oomeak.] The native name of the women's 
or larger kind of Eskimo boat, carrying ten 
or twelve people, and consisting of a wooden 
frame covered with sealskins, with several 
seats* It la used for fishing and for transporting fami- 
lies, and is worked by women. It often has a mast and a 
triangular sail. 
umlaut ( oni'lout), n. [< G. umlaut, modification 
of vowels, < n in. around, about, also indicating 
change, alteration (see urn-), + laut, sound : see 
loud.] In fliilol., the German name, invented 
by Grimm, for a vowel-hange in the Germanic 
languages, brought about by the influence of 
a vowel in the succeeding syllable : namely, of 
the vowel t, modifying the preceding vowel in 
the direction of e or t, and of the vowel u, 
modifying the preceding vowel toward a or . 
Only the former, or the change by a following i (now 
generally lost or altered), is found In English or Ger- 
man: thus, German inann, manner; fall, fatten; ma\u, 
maute ; /KM, f unite ; etc. ; In English the phenomena are 
only sporadic remains, like man, men ; /all, fell ; mtnae, 
mice ; fwt, feet. lu. Icelandic both kinds of umlaut are 
frequent and regular changes. An English name some- 
times used for 'umlaut' is mutation. Compare aUaul. 
umlaut (6m 'lout), r. t. [< umlaut, n.] In 
]>hilol., to form with the umlaut, as a form; 
also, to affect or modify by umlaut, as a sound. 
We have the mnlauted (J). 
The Academy, March 17, 1888, p. 190. 
umpirage (um'pir-aj), n. [< umpire + -age.] 
The post of an umpire ; the act of one who arbi- 
trates as umpire; the decision of an umpire; 
arbitrament. 
I gave him the first notice of the Spaniards referring 
the umpirage of the peace 'twiit them and Portugal to the 
French King. Evelyn, Diary, April 11, 1668. 
umpire (um'pir), n. [X ME. umperc, oumpere, 
owmpere (a form due to misdivision of a num- 
pere as an umpere); prop, nompere, noumpere, 
nounpere, noun-pier, \ OF. 'nomper, nonper, later 
nompair, not equal, odd, < non, not, +per (< L. 
par), equal: see OH S and par 2 , pair*, peer?.] 
1. A person to whose sole decision a contro- 
versy or question between parties is referred ; 
one agreed upon as a judge, arbiter, or referee 
in case of conflict of opinions; specifically, a 
person selected to see that the rules of a game, 
as cricket or base-ball, are enforced, and to de- 
cide disputed or debatable points. 
And if 30 tblnke It to many lerned men, take IB one, 
and he another ; and if they may not accorde, ze and I to 
be umpere, for we stande bothe in like cas. 
Patton Letter*, I. 120. 
'Twiit my extremes and me tins bloody knife 
Shall play the umpire. Shalt., R. and J , iv. 1. 63. 
2. In Inn-, a third person called in to decide a 
controversy or question submitted to arbitra- 
tors when the arbitrators do not agree in opin- 
ion. = Byn. 1. Arbitrator, Referee, etc. See judge. 
umpire (um'pir), .; pret. and pp. umpired, ppr. 
umpiring, [(umpire, n.] I. trans. 1. To de- 
cide as umpire; settle, as a dispute. South, 
Sermons, VI. ii. [Bare.] Specifically 2. 
To enforce the rules of (a game), and decide 
disputed points : as, to umpire a game of base- 
ball. 
II. intrant. To act as umpire. 
We list not to vmpire betwixt Geographers, but to re- 
late our Historic. Pwrchat, Pilgrimage, p. IBS. 
umpireship (um'pir-ship), . [< umpire + 
-xhip.] The office of an umpire ; arbitrament; 
umpirage. 
We refuse not the arbitrament and wnpierthip of the 
Holy Ghoste. Bp. Jewel, Def. of ApoL, p. 83. (Kichardtm.) 
umpresst (um'pres), . [For "umpires*, < um- 
pire + -fss.] A woman who is an umpire; a 
female umpire. Marntun. 
uniquhile (um'hwil), adv. and a. A Scotch 
form of umirliili: 
umstroket (um'strok), n. [< urn- + stroke.] 
Boundary line ; extreme edge. 
Such towns as stand ... on the very unutratr, or on 
any part of the utmost line of a map. Fuller. 
umula (o'mo-la), n. Ecclts., same as mo:etta. 
umwhile (um'Hwil), arfr. and a. [Sc. umquhile; 
< ME. umirliili: umu-hyle, vmtcile, umqailc, umbe- 
u-hilf, orig. two words, iimlir icliile, lit. 'at 
times,' at some time : umbe, around, about, at ; 
u-hile, time: see m-, umbe, and while.] For- 
merly ; late ; whilom. [Obsolete or Scotch.] 
