underivedness 
underivedness (uii-iir-ri'vcd-ncs), . The 
character or stnti' of licing underived. Miml, 
XI. 39. 
underjawed (un'der-jad), a. Having a promi- 
nent or heavy under jaw. Athenaeum, No. 3300, 
p. 128. [Raro.J 
underjoint (un-der-joiu'), r. t. [< ME. uuder- 
joinen; <. i/ntlcr + join.] To subjoin, ffyclif, 
Prol. to Psalms, p. 737. 
underkeept (un-cler-kop'), r. t. To keep under; 
subdue. SjM'Hwr, \-\ Q., III. vii. 33. 
under-kind (un'der-kind), n. A lower or infe- 
rior kind or class. Dryden, An Evening's Love, 
i. 1. 
under-king (un'di-r-king), n. [< ME. underking, 
< AS. uiidcri'i/iiiiii/. underkining; us < under + 
///i'/ 1 .] An inferior or subordinate king. 
under-kingdom (un'der-king'dum), . The 
kingdom of an nnder-king. Tennyson, Merlin 
and Vivien. 
underlay (un-dor-lii'), v. ; pret. and pp. under- 
laid, ppr. mtderlaying. [< ME. underlet/an, < AS. 
underlecgan (= OHG. untarleccan, MHG. G. n- 
terlegen), lay under; as Mrfer + Ifty 1 .] I. frx. 
1. To lay beneath ; put under; specifically, in 
printing, to reinforce with underlays. 2f. To 
support by laying something under. 
Our souls have tnxl awry in all men's sight ; 
We'll under-lay 'em, till they go upright. 
Fletcher (and another), Love's Cure, v. 8. 
II. intrans. In mining, to incline from the 
perpendicular ; hade : said of a vein. See the 
noun. 
underlay (un'der-la), . [< underlay, .] 1. In 
mining, same as hade. The term underlay is that 
most commonly used by miners in speaking of the Inclina- 
tion of the lode ; it is the complement of the dip, which 
latter term is in much more familiar use among geolo* 
gists than either hade or underlay. 
2. In printing, a bit or bits of paper put under 
types or a plate to make them of proper height 
for receiving a good impression TJnderlay- 
shaft, In mining, a shaft sunk on the underlay of a lode. 
underlayer (un-der-la'er), . One who under- 
lays. 
underleaf (un'der-lef), n. A variety of apple 
good for cider. [Eng.] Imp. Diet. 
under-lease (un'der-les), n. In law, a lease 
granted by a lessee for a shorter term than he 
himself holds, leaving thereby a reversion, of 
however short duration, to himself. Diyby. An 
under-lease of only part of the premises embraced In the 
original lease Is commonly called a tuWease, 
underlet (un-der-lef), r. t. ; pret. and pp. H- 
derlet, ppr. underletting. 1. To let below tho 
true or the market value. Smollett. 2. To 
sublet. Dickens. 
underletter (un-der-let'er), w. One who sub- 
lets ; a lessee who grants a lease to another. 
underlie (un-d6r-li'), r. ; pret. underlay, pp. 
underlain, ppr. underlying. [< ME. uiirter)i</gi , 
< AS. underlicgan (= OHG. untarliggan. MHG. 
uuterligen.G. unterliegen), lift] under; as under 
+ lie 1 .} I. intmnx. To lie in a position direct- 
ly beneath. 
II. trans. 1. To lie under or beneath; be 
situated under ; specifically, in geol., to occupy 
a lower position than, or to pass beneath: said 
of stratified rocks over which other rocks are 
spread out. Thus the Triassic is, in some regions, un- 
derlain by the coal-measures, etc. A rock which under- 
lies another is, ordinarily, the older of the two. 
2. To be at the basis of; form the foundation of. 
Underlying as it does the right organization of society, 
the law of equal freedom ia of higher authority than all 
other laws. //. Spencer, Social Statics, p. 217. 
3. To lie under, in a figurative sense ; be sub- 
ject to ; be liable to answer, as a charge or a 
challenge. 
I mak plaine. 
All Realmes sail vnderly gret paine, 
And sail nocht mys the scurge and rod 
Otf the hie puissant and mychtie god. 
Lauder, Dewtle of Kyngis (E. E. T. 8.X 1. 196. 
I am not only willing but desirous to underlie the ver- 
dict even of Fame herself. O. llarrey. Four Letters, ill. 
When the knight of Ivan hoe comes within the four seas 
of Britain, he underlie! the challenge of Brian de Bols- 
Guilbert. Scott, Ivanhoe. 
underlie (un'der-li), M. [< underlie, r.] Ininiii- 
inii. same as itiiilirlay. 1. 
under-life (un'der-lif), . Life below the sur- 
face ; hence, a way of living apart and differ- 
ent from the life open to the common know- 
ledge or view. Harper's Mag., LXXVI. 753. 
[Hare.] 
underline (un-der-lin'). '''. 1. Tomarkunder- 
neath or below with a line; underscore : as, to 
underline words in a letter. 2f. To influence 
secretly. 
6507 
By mere chance, . . . though underlined with a provi- 
dence, they had a full Bight of the Infanta. 
.SVr //. H',,tl,,n, Ki-llquiir, p. 215. 
underline (un'der-lin), . Tho advance an- 
nouncement of the production of a play, plan < I 
under any theatrical advertisement of a regu- 
lar performance. 
underlinen(un'der-lin'eu), n. Undergarments 
of linen ; hence, such garments in general, es- 
pecially those of cotton, or, more rarely, of silk, 
as distinguished from knitted or flannel under- 
clothes. 
underling (un'der-ling), . [< ME. underling, 
onderliiiy; < under + -ling 1 .'] One who is sub- 
ordinate to another, especially in some mean or 
servile capacity; hence, a mean, sorry fellow. 
Extorcions and desplt of youre undtrlynga U damp- 
nable. Chaucer, Parson's Tale. 
The fault . . . Is 
... In ourselves, that we are underliivj*. 
Shalt., }. C'., L 2. 141. 
undertook (un'der-lok), n. A lock of wool 
hanging under the belly of a sheep. Imp. Diet. 
underlooker, . See undert-iewer. 
underly (un'der-li), . [< under + -lyl.] Poor; 
inferior. Halliifell. [Prov. Eng.] 
underlying (un-d6r-H'ing), p. a. Lying be- 
neath or under ; supporting; fundamental: a, 
underlying principles; specifically, in geol., not- 
ing a formation, rocks, or strata lying below 
others. 
underman (un-der-man'), v. t.; pret. and pp. 
undermanned, ppr. undermanning. To furnish 
with an insufficient number of men. Nature, 
XLI. 520. 
undermasted (un-der-mas'ted),o. Inadequate- 
ly or insufficiently masted : noting a ship when 
the masts are either too small or too short, so 
that she cannot spread the sail necessary to give 
her the speed of which she might be capable. 
undermatcht (un'der-mach), n. One unequal 
or inferior to some one else. Fuller, Worthies. 
II. 589. 
undermealt (un'der-mel), n. [< ME. undermele, 
underntel, < AS. undernmiel, morning, morning 
meal, < undern, morning, + mirl, period, meal: 
see undern and roen/ 2 .] 1. The meal eaten at 
undern, the chief meal of the day. 
I think I am furnished for cather'ne pears, for one un- 
dermeal. B. Jomon, Bartholomew Fair, iv. 1. 
2. The part or division of the day which in- 
cluded undern : originally the morning, later 
the afternoon. 
Ther walketh now the lymytour hymself 
In undennele.t and in morwenynges. 
Chaucer, Wife of Bath's Tale, 1. 19. 
Underiitele, Postmeridies. Prompt. Pare., p. 611. 
3. An after-dinner sleep; a siesta taken in the 
afternoon. 
And, hold you content, this summer an vndermeale of 
an afternoone long doth not amisse to exercise the eyes 
wlthall. Xtuhe, fierce Penilease, p. 67. 
undermentioned (un'der-men'shond), a. Men- 
tioned below or beneath; undernamed: as, un- 
dermentioned dates. 
undermine (un-der-min'), v. t. [< ME. under- 
minen; < under + wine 2 .] 1. To form a mine 
under; sap; render unstable by digging or wear- 
ing away the foundation of; make an excava- 
tion beneath, especially for the purpose of caus- 
ing to fall, or of blowing up: as, to undermine a 
wall ; a river undermines its banks. 
If Troy be not taken till these two undermine It, the 
walls will stand till they fall of themselves. 
Shat., T. and C., II. 8. 9. 
2. Figuratively, to subvert by removing clan- 
destinely the foundation of; injure by invisible, 
secret, or dishonorable means. 
Honours now are purchased by stealth 
Of undermining bribes. 
Timei Whi*lle.(R. E. T. S.), p. 44. 
They . . . 
Have hired me to undermine the duchess. 
Shak., 2 Hen. VI., i. 2. 98. 
3. To injure, weaken, or destroy insidiously or 
indirectly ; wear away ; wear out ; sap. 
The constitution became so undermined (by ostitis] that 
1 deemed amputation of the thigh necessary. 
J. M. Carnochan, Operative Surgery, p. 61. 
underminet (un'der-min), n. 1. Same as mine-, 
2 (a). 
They put fire In the undermines, weening to bane cast 
downe the wall. llakluyt's Voyage*, U. S8. 
2. A cave. Holland, Camden, p. 650. 
underminer (un-der-mi'ner), M. 1. One who 
undermines, saps, or excavates. Sl/nl;.. All's 
Well, i. 1. 131. 2. Figuratively, one who clan- 
destinely subverts or injures ; one who secretly 
underpart 
overthrows ; a secret enemy : as, an under- 
mint r of the uhiirch. 
What talke I to them of ImmoraJltle, that are the onely 
ruderminm of honour. A <l< mule ante man that U not 
sprung vp by base brokerye like themselues? 
Xathe, Pierce I'enlletse, p. 00. 
underministert (un-der-min'is-ter), r. /. To 
minister to in a subordinate relation. 
underministry (un'der-min'is-tri), a. A sub- 
servient or subordinate ministry. Jer. Taylor. 
undermirtht (un'der-merth). w. Mirth imply- 
ing something indecent or with a hidden mean- 
ing. Shirley and Fletcher, Coronation, Prol. 
undermoniedt (un-der-mun'id), a. Taken by 
corrupt means with money. Fuller. 
undermost (un'der-mpst),*!. Lowest in place, 
rank, state, or condition. Boyle. 
undem (un'dern), n. [In mod. dial, use in nu- 
merous corrupt forms, aandorn, oander, oan- 
ditrth, omdorns, ounder, oneder, auuder, donilin- 
iii r. doundrins, daundrin, etc.; < ME. undern, 
undorn, undarn, undren, ondern, ondre, < AS. 
undern, nine o'clock, morning, = OS. undorn, 
undern = OHG. untarn, MHG. undern, Q. dial. 
untern, breakfast, supper, dinner, = Icel. un- 
dorn, mid-forenoon, also mid-afternoon, = Goth. 
undaurni-, in undaurni-mats, a morning meal : 
lit. 'intervening period,' < AS. under, etc., un- 
der: see under, and cf. undermeal, undertide, 
undertime.'] 1. Nine o'clock in the morning; 
the period from nine o'clock to noon ; the ca- 
nonical hour of terce. [Obsolete o prov. Eng. 
and Scotch.] 
The folk lyggen alle naked in Kyvcres and Watrea, men 
and womraen to gedre, fro undurne of the day tllle It be 
passed the noon. Handenlle, Travels, p. 103. 
At vndren to scole y was sett 
To lerne lore, as othlr dooth. 
Hymni to Virgin, etc. (E. E. T. a), p. 84. 
2. Noon or afternoon ; also, a noon meal. [Ob- 
solete or prov. Eng.] 
undernamed (un'der-namd), a. Named below ; 
undermentioned, ffakluyt'g Voyages, 1. 162. 
underneath (un-der-neth'), adr. and prep. [< 
ME. undernfth, undernetlie, undirnethe, under- 
nethen (= Dan. underneden); < under + nethe 
as in nether, and in eomp. aneath, beneath: see 
Mftarl.] I. adv. Beneath; below; in a lower 
place. 
Tims thai laiket o the laund the long day ouer. 
Till the sun in his sercle set rndentethe. 
Destruction of Troy (E. E. T. 8.), 1. 9998. 
Or sullen mole that runneth underneath, 
Milton, Vac. Ex., 1. 96. 
The slate did not lie flat upon it, hnt left a free | 
underneath. 
i passage 
Addi*m. 
II. prep. Under; beneath. 
And so the stede fell under nethe hym dede. 
Generydet (E. E. T. S.X 1. 2498. 
Underneath this stone doth lie 
As much beauty as could die. 
B. Jonton, Epigrams, cxxlv. 
underniceness (un-der-uis'nes), a. Deficient 
niceness, delicacy, or fastidiousness. Richard- 
son, Clarissa Harlowe, v. 8. 
undernimt, r. t. [< ME. undcrnimen, iinderne- 
men (pret. undernam, undernom, pp. undernu- 
mcn, undi-rnomcn, tindirnomen), < AS. underni- 
man (= OHG. untarneman, MHG. unternemen, 
G. unternehmen), undertake, perceive, < under, 
under, + niman, take: see nim. Cf. under/ana, 
nnderget, undertake.] 1. To take; undertake. 
We beoth hlder come and this flht hahbeth ondernome. 
Layamon, L 267S4. 
2. To receive ; feel ; perceive. 
He the savour undernom 
Which that the roses and the lilies caste. 
Chaucer, Second Sun's Tale, L 243. 
3. To take up ; reprove ; reproach. 
Inpacient is he that wol nat hen y taught ne undernome 
of hia vice. Chaucer, Parson's Tale. 
Whc-so tndernymeth me here of I hat hym dedly after. 
Pien Plmrman (B), T. 116. 
undernote (nn'der-ndt), w. A low or subdued 
note; an undertone. 
How every pause is filled with undernutrt. 
SheUey, Prometheus Unbound, Iv. 1. 
undernoted (nnMer-no'ted), a. Noted below 
or beneath : as, the undernoted quantities, 
undern-songt, . An office sung at undern, or 
nine o'clock in the morning. Rock. 
underntimet, n. See undertime. 
underpart (un-der-part'), v. t. To divide (a 
part) and assign subordinate portions of it. 
[Rare.] 
Then one part 
Is uiultr-partfd to n couple of clerks. 
B. Jonton, Staple of .News, L 2. 
