unit 
second tyttcm), adopts the trniimeler as the unit "f bnglh, 
the gram as the unit of mass, and the second as the unit 
..f time. In this system thr mui -i (TM Is the square 
centimeter, the mill ,,( ri.liini,' I* the cubic i-i-nt illl"! "I, ami 
the unit of v-'lvciti/ is a velocity of a centimeter |" 
ond. The unit ni ' n ih"m entnmofagrani 
moving with a velocity of :i centimeter per se< I. 'I'lu 
unit-force is that force which ailing on gram fot 
second generates a velocity of a centimeter per n OOOd, 
'I'liis for'-'- is called a il/ni". The unit ".i I'urlt Is the work 
done by the- force of aduic working through a distance of 
a centimeter, This is called an try. s< -times used at- 
tributively. 
The ordinary small"-! IIP a-uire we have of either lex- 
tension or diirationl is looked on as an unit In iiuinhcr, 
when tho mind by division would reduce them into less 
fractions. l.iirli-, Human T mid-lauding, II. XV. 9. 
For purposes of accuracy it must always be remembered 
that the pound, the gramme. *., are, strictly speaking, 
units ul mass. J. 1>. Km; il,\'n\l and Phys. Const.,p. 23. 
The unit of magnetic moment is the moment of a mag- 
net of unit length the strength of whose poles Is equal to 
unity, or generally of any magnet the product of whoso 
strength into Its length is equal to unity. 
J. K. H. Gordon, Elect, and Mag., 1. 154. 
Absolute unit, a unit of an absolute system of measure- 
ment based entirely on arbitrary units of mass, length, and 
time ; sometimes, hut quite incorrectly, used as the syno- 
nym of a unit of the C. G. 8. system, which is only a spe- 
cial system of absolute units. Abstract unit, the unit 
of numeration ; the number represented by 1. Alternate 
units. Same as Uanki-l'g numbers (which see, under 
number). *. A. unit of resistance. See oAm.- Con- 
crete or denominate unit, a unit of some definite kind, 
as a yard, a second, a dollar, a Fahrenheit degree, etc. 
Decimal units, duodecimal units, units In scales 
of numbers increasing or decreasing by ten or twelve. 
Electrical units. See elect nuintii: Electromagnetic 
units See electromagnetic. Electrostatic units Of 
electricity. See electrostatic. Fundamental units. 
See/n*n'fat Magnetic unit, a unit of electrical or 
magnetic quantity, founded on t he forces which act on con- 
ductors conveying currents, or on magnets, in a magnetic 
field. See electromagnetic units, under electromagnetic. 
Monetary unit. See monetary. Neural units. See 
neural. Siemens's unit [named after the electrician 
Siemens! a unit formerly employed in measuring the elec- 
tric resistance of a conductor: it is the resistance of a col- 
umn of pure mercury 1 square millimeter In section and 
1 meter long; it is a little less than an ohm. Thermal 
unit, a unit adopted for measuring and comparing quan- 
tities of heat In the English system of measures the gen- 
erally accepted thermal unit is the pound-degree, or the 
amount of heat required to raise a pound of water from the 
temperature 50 F. to 51 F. (Tait). In the metric system 
the unit of heat is the calory that is, the amount neces- 
sary to raise a kilogram of water from to 1 centigrade ; 
or the small calory, the heat needed to raise the tempera- 
ture of a gram of water the same amount Unit angle, 
in circular measure, same as rarfion, Unit field. See 
field. Unit Jar, an instrument of various forms devised 
for measuring definite quantities of electricity. Unit 
magnetic pole, a pole which repels a like pole at a unit 
distance with unit force that Is, one dyne. Unit Of ca- 
pacity of a conductor, the farad. Unit of electrical 
resistance, the resistance of a conductor through which a 
current of unit strength is maintained by unit electro- 
motive force. Unit of electric potential, the difference 
of potential between the ends of a straight conductor, of 
unit length, when it is moved with unit velocity In a di- 
rection at right angles to lines of force and Its own length 
in a magnetic Held of unit intensity. Unit Of force, the 
dyne or the poundal. See def. 2. Unit Of heat. See 
thermal unit. Unit of illumination. Seerniirf(/--potn-r. 
Unit Of length, a length In multiples of which other 
lengths are defined. Unit of measure, a certain conven- 
tional dimension or magnitude assumed as a standard by 
which other dimensions or magnitudes of the same kind 
are to be measured, as a foot, a gallon, an ounce, a pound, 
an hour, and the like. See measure, weight. Unit of 
measurement, a quantity used as the consequent of a 
ratio for denning other quantities. Unit of output, a 
unit by which the rate of working or the activity in an 
electric circuit is measured. The British Board of Trade 
unit of output is l.ooo watts. - Unit of photometry. See 
photometric standard, under photometric. Unit of re- 
sistance. See resistance, 3, and ohm. -Unit Of self-in- 
duction, in elect., in any system of units, the same as the 
unit of length employed in the basis of the system. For 
the practical unit of induction in the centimeter-gram- 
second system, an earth quadrant, or a length equal to 109 
centimeters, has been proposed. This unit has been called 
secohm, which has been replaced by he nry. Unit Of tale, 
a number of things, generally of a particular kind, recog- 
nized as a unit, as a dozen, a score, a sum of nails, a lac of 
rupees, etc.-Unit pole. Sec poic'-'.-Unit prism, >" cryu- 
tal. Seeprwm, :t. Unit pyramid, in crystal. Seepirra- 
mid, 3. Unit rule, in U. S. polilm, a rule sometimes 
adopted providing that in a national nominating conven- 
tion the votes of the entire delegation from each State shall 
be cast in a body for the candidate preferred by the major- 
ity of the delegation, the wishes of the minority being dis- 
regarded. 
unitable (u-m'ta-bl), a. [< unite + -able.] 
Capable of being united ; capable of union by 
growth or otherwise. Also spelled nnili'iilili 1 . 
unital (u'ni-tal). a. [< unit + -<il-1 Of or per- 
taining to a unit ; unitary. [Rare.] 
In nature there is a great, unital. continuous . . . devel- 
opment. Littell's Lining Age, No. 2071, March 1, 1884, p. 515. 
Unitarian (u-ni-ta'ri-an), a. and n. [As ttiiitnri/ 
+ -an.] I. a. 1. O'f or relating to a unit or 
unity, or to one thing or plan or party; unitary. 
It [division of powers] forms the essential distinction 
between a federal system such as that of Ameii :t m 
Switzerland, and a un/timVm system of government such 
as that which exists in England or Russia. 
A. \'. Hiery, Law of the Constitution, p. 142. 
6621 
These two theories, the one dnallstlc, the other /- 
Inrian, strangely foreshadow the discoveries of Inn 
dynamics. Knryc. llrit., 1. 41 i. 
2. [<!(.) Of or pi-rtiiiiiing to the I'nitarians or 
their doctrines Unitarian Church. See II., l. 
II. ii. 1. [<'"l>-] One who maintains the tinipcr- 
sniiality of the Deity; one who drnir-, the <loc- 
trinc i>f the Trinity; specifically, a member of 
a Christian body founded upon the doctrine of 
unipersonality. The chnrche* of the Unitarian body 
are congregational in gm eminent, and independent of one 
another. They possess no common symbol of doctrine, and 
differ widely among themselves. They may be divided Into 
two schools of thought, though there is no sharply defined 
line betwecu them. The conservative 1'nitarians hold doc- 
trinal views in many re*pecU resembling those of the or- 
thodox Trinitarians, except in their denial of the trlpcr- 
sonality of the Deity. They accept Christ as the manifes- 
tation of God In a human life, though they do not regard 
him as equal In character or power with the Father. They 
believe in the work of the Holy Spirit, though they do 
not generally regard him as a distinct personality. They 
believe In the Scriptures as containing a divine revela- 
tion, and in the miracle* as an attestation of that revela- 
tion. They hold a doctrine of Inherited depravity, but 
not In guilt, except as the result of a personal choice ; to 
a doctrine of future retribution, though not generally to 
its endlessness ; to an atonement by Christ for the sins of 
unite 
as, a unitary system of thought ; in politics, cen- 
tralized. 
Man loves the Universal, the Unchangeable, tie 
tary. Channing, I p. no. 
Had any one doubted before that the rights of human 
nature are unitary, ... the efforts of the advocate* of 
slavery . . . could not fail to sharpen his eye*. 
Luvell, Study Window*, p. 178. 
We know that the separation and Isolation of the dif- 
ferent parts of a once unitary community must neresuri- 
ly bring about a separation of Its language Into different 
dialects. W. D. Whitney, Life and Growth of Lang., ix. 
It of cour*e by no mean* follows that, becaiwe we have 
become In the fullest organic sense a nation, our* has be- 
come a unitary government, ill federal features merged 
In a new national organization. W. Wilton, State, 1 881. 
3. In Wo?., monistic, as distinguished from 
dualist ic. 
The tendency cslled unitary or monistic . . . must ul- 
timately prevail throughout philosophy. 
llaeclrel, Evolution of Man (trans.), 1. 17. 
4. Pertaining to or of the nature of a unit (of 
measurement). 
A wind pressure of 1,200 pound* for the same unitary 
distance Is allowed for. Set. Atner., N. H., LX. SO*. 
6. In ninth., involving a root to unit power, 
T 4- n Vwn +--iivn i 1 1 ' 1 1 ! _taa t v. ' T ci 1 1 1 L 1 I \ 
tion wrought by the Spirit of God, but only with the co- 
operation of man ; in what is called " irresistible grace " 
they do not believe. The doctrines of election, reproba- 
tion, foreordination, and decrees, as those doctrines are 
rlans hold views not materially varylngfrom deism. They 
reverence Christ as a peculiarly holy man, with whom the 
Spirit of God abode, but In no sense other than that in 
which he abides with every truly holy man. They respect 
the Bible as a work of transcendent moral genius, but in 
no other sense Inspired. They do not believe in the mira- 
cles, and either explain them as the product of natural 
causes or regard the accounts of them as mythical and 
traditionary. They do not accept the doctrines of atone- 
ment and regeneration, and do not employ the terms ; 
and they both attribute sin to defective education, Intel 
lectual and moral, and depend upon a right education to 
England about the beginning of the nineteenth century, 
under the lead of Dr. Churning. Many of the oldest Con- 
gregational churches in New England passed under Unita- 
rian control, ami the " American Unitarian Association " 
was formed In 182.1. Outside of the denomination proper, 
Unitarian views are held by the Htcksite Friends, some 
Universallsts, and by individuals in other denominations. 
See ^n'on', Socinianism. 
2. A monotheist ; a believer in one God, as op- 
posed to a polytheist,or a believer in many gods. 
In this sense it It applicable t all Christians, Jews, and 
Mohammedans, as well as deists. Fleming. [Rare.] 
3. A monist. 
The Realists or Suhstantialists are again divided into 
Dualists, and into Unitarians or Moulsts, according as 
they are or are not contented with the testimony of con- 
sciousness to the ultimate duplicity of subject and object 
in perception. Sir W. Hamilton, Metaphysics, xvi. 
4. One who advocates any unitary system ; an 
advocate of unity; in politics, an advocate of 
centralization. 
The old men studied magic in the flowers. 
And human fortunes in astronomy, 
And an omnipotence in chemistry, 
Preferring things to names, for these were men, 
Were Unitarian* of the united world, 
And, wheresoever their clear eye-beams fell, 
They caught the footsteps of the Same. 
Emerson, Blight. 
Unitarianism (u-ni-ta'ri-an-izm), n. [< I'nita- 
rian + -ism.'] 1 . The affirmation of the uniper- 
sonality of the Deity ; the denial of the doctrine 
of the Trinity, or (rarely) of polytheism ; tho 
doctrines of the Unitarians. 2. [I. c.] Any 
unitary system. 
The principle, In short, which gives its form to our gov. 
ernment Is (to use a foreign but convenient expression) 
imifarianunn, or the habitual exercise of supreme legis- 
lative authority by one central power. 
A. V. Dicey, Law of the Constitution, p. 127. 
3. [I. r.] In pliilos., the doctrine that mind and 
matter are one, or that there is but one gen- 
unity of brethren: L. unitat, unity;. 
gen. pi. at f rater, brother: see brother."] The 
propi-r official name of the Moravian Church. 
See Moravian, n., 2. 
unitate (u'ni-tat). r. t. ; pret. and pp. unitated, 
ppr. unitating. [A back-formation from unita- 
fion.] To perform the operation of unitation 
upon, 
unitate (u'ni-tat), it. [As unit + -a***.] Tho 
remainder given by a number after division by 
a digit, 
unitation (u-ni-ta'shon), n. [< unit + -ation.] 
1. Expression in terms of units; measurement 
in accordance with a system of units. 2. The 
operation of adding to the units of a number, 
written in the Arabic notation, (10 N) times 
the tens (where N is any number less than 10), 
(10 N) a times the hundreds, etc., and repeat- 
ing the process until a digit is obtained. This 
(diminished by any multiple of N which it ex- 
ceeds) is the remainder after dividing the ori- 
ginal number by N. 
unite 1 (u-nif), r.; pret. and pp. united, ppr. 
Hiiitinf/. ' [< LL. unitus, pp. of unire (> It. unire 
= Sp. Pg. unir = F. unir), make one or as one, 
join together, < L. unw*, one : see owe, n. Cf . 
one, r., and adunation.] I, trans. 1. To com- 
bine or conjoin so as to form one ; make to be 
one and to be no longer separate ; incorporate 
in one : as, to unite two kingdoms or two armies. 
Cnite 
Your troops of horsemen with his bands of foot. 
Shot., I Hen. VI., iv. 1. 164. 
As thou hast vnileil our nature to thy eternal being, 
thou mightest also unite my person to thine by the Inte- 
rior animations of love, and obedience, and conformity. 
Jer. Taylor, Works (ed. 1836), L 87. 
2. To connect, conjoin, bring together, or as- 
sociate by some bond, legal or other ; join in in- 
terest, affection, fellowship, or the like ; ally ; 
link together ; associate ; conjoin ; couple ; 
combine: as, to unite families by marriage; to 
unite, nations by treaty; to unite fresh adher- 
ents to a cause. 
Hymen did our hands 
Unite commntnal in most sacred bands. 
Shalt., Hamlet, III. i 170. 
3. To make to agree or be uniform; harmo- 
nize. 
The king proposed nothing more than to unite hi* king- 
dom In one form of worship. Clarendon, Great Rebellion. 
4. To cause to adhere: attach; connect to- 
gether: as, to unite bricks or stones by means 
of cement. 
ich Is a dry 
' or toconformto 
unitary ( u'ni-ta-ri), a. [= F. unitaire = Sp. It. 
unitnrio, Unitarian (chiefly as a noun, a Unita- 
rian); as unit, unit-u, + -ary.] 1. Of or relat- 
ing to a unit ; of the nature of a unit ; not di- 
vided; entire: specifically noting in chemistry 
that system in which the molecules of all bodies 
are compared, as to their magnitude, with one 
molecule water, for example and all chemi- 
cal reactions are as far as possible reduced to 
one typical form of reaction, namely double de- 
comp"osition. fTtitte, Diet, of ('hem. 2. Of or 
pertaining to, or characterized by, unity or uni- 
formity ; also, directed at or striving for unity : 
Virgin Mother, hall, 
High in the love of Heaven ; yet from my loins 
Then shall proceed, and from thy womb the Son 
Of God Most High ; so God with man unitei. 
Hilton, P. L, xlL 382. 
2. To join in action; concur; act in concert. 
If yon will now unite in your complaints, 
And force them with a constancy, the cardinal 
Cannot stand under them. 
Shot., Hen. VIII., iii. 2. 1. 
unite't (u-nif), a. [< LL. unitus, pp. of unirr. 
unite: see unite 1 , r.] United: joint. Jt'chster. 
unite 1 (ii-nif). . [< unite 1 , r.. with rof. to the 
union of the kingdoms of England and Scot- 
