unite 
land alluded to on the coin in the motto "Fa- 
ciam eos in gentem unam," 'I will make them 
one nation' (Ezek. xxxvii. 22).] An English 
gold coin issued by James I. and current for 
20 shillings ; a jacobus. A gold coin of the same 
name and value was issued under Charles I., when it was 
also called carolus (which see), and under the Common- 
wealth and Charles II. 
unite 2 !, Aii obsolete spelling of unit. 
uniteable, . See unitable. Dr. H. More. 
united (u-ni'ted), p. a. [< united + -erf 2 .] 1. 
Joined or combined; made one; made to agree; 
allied; harmonious: as, a -united household. 
Th' united strength of all the gods above 
In vain resists th' omnipotence of Jove. 
Pope, Iliad, i. 734. 
[England] found it difficult to maintain a contest against 
the united navies of France and Spain. 
Macaulay, Lord Clive. 
2. In Bom. Cath. usage, noting those commu- 
nities which have separated from Oriental 
churches and united with the Roman Catholic 
Church in what it holds to be essential, but 
preserve an individual and distinctive church 
organization, acknowledging the supremacy of 
the Pope, and accepting the doctrinal decisions 
of the Roman Catholic Church, while retaining 
to some extent their ancient liturgy, rites, dis- 
cipline, and usages United Armenians. See Ar- 
menian Church, under Armenian. United Brethren. 
See brother and Mora man. United Brethren In Christ, 
a Christian denomination, Arminian in doctrine, and es- 
sentially, although not universally, Methodist in polity. It 
was founded in Pennsylvania In 1800 by Philip William 
Otterbein. The government of the church is vested pri- 
marily in a general conference. The chief officers of the 
church are bishops elected every four years, presiding 
elders, and pastors appointed to their charges according 
to a system of itinerancy. The denomination makes the 
mode of baptism and the practice of feet-washing optional 
with each of its members. United Colonies of New 
England. See Neiv England Confederation, under con- 
federation. United Greeks, the -members of those 
churches which retain, with some important modifica- 
tions, the Greek liturgy and discipline, and other an- 
cient Greek usages as marriage of the lower clergy, 
communion under both kinds, and the use of leavened 
bread in the communion service but are in union with 
the Roman Catholic Church. They are found chiefly in 
Austria-Hungary, Russia, Italy, and Turkey. See Uniat. 
United Irishmen, an Irish society formed in 1791 by T. 
W. Tone, for the purpose of procuring parliamentary re- 
form and the repeal of the penal laws. It afterward be- 
came a secret society with revolutionary aims, and was 
influential in causing the Irish rebellion of 1798. United 
Kingdom. See kingdom. United Original Seceders. 
See seceder. United Presbyterian Church. See Pree- 
byterian. United Provinces, the seven provinces of the 
Low Countries, Holland, Zealand, Utrecht, Friesland, Gel- 
derland, Groningen, and Overysscl, which in 1S79 formed 
the Union of Utrecht and laid the foundation of the 
republic of the Netherlands. United States, used at- 
tributively, of or pertaining to the United States of Amer- 
ica; American: as, the United States army, the United 
States navy; the United States statutes ; colloquially, the 
United States language. The adjective United States is 
used where American may appear less exact. 
unitedly (u-nl'ted-li), adv. In a united manner; 
with united or joint efforts ; jointly ; amicably. 
unitentacular (u"ni-ten-tak'u-lar), a. Having 
but one tentacle. Amer. Nat., 'XXIII. 597. 
uniter (u-ni'ter), n. [< unite 1 + -er 1 .] One 
who or that which unites or forms a connec- 
tion. 
The Priest presides over the worship of the people ; is 
the Uniter of them with the Unseen Holy. Carlyle. 
uniterablet (un-it'er-a-bl), a. That cannot be 
renewed or repeated. 
To play away an uniterable life. 
Sir T. Browne, Christian Morals, iii. 23. 
unition (u-nish'on), re. [< ML. miitio(n-), a 
uniting, < LL. unire, unite : see unite 1 .'] The 
act of uniting, or the state of being united; 
junction; union. [Rare.] 
As long as any different substance keeps off the unition, 
hope not to cure the wound. Wiseman, Surgery, v. 1. 
The precise and total meaning of Christianity ... is 
that it affirms the perfect unition of the Divine and human 
natures in Christ. //. James, Subs, and Shad., p. 242. 
unitism (u'ni-tizm), n. [< unit + -ism.} Same 
as monism, 1. 
unitive (ii'ni-tiv), a. [< unite 1 + -inc.'] Hav- 
ing the power of uniting; causing or tending 
to unite ; producing or promoting union ; har- 
monizing. 
There is a degree of meditation so exalted that it 
changes the very name, and is called contemplation and 
it is in the unitive way of religion that is, it consists in 
unions and adherences to God. 
Jtr. Taylor, Works (ed. 1835), I. 71. 
A unitive power. 
J. H. Newman, Development of Christ. Doct., i. 33. 
unitively (u'ni-tiv-li), adv. In a unitive or 
united manner. Cudwortli. [Bare.] 
unitize (u'ni-tlz), v. t.; pret. and pp. uniliztd, 
ppr. unitizing. [< unit + -ire.] To form into 
6622 
or reduce to a unit ; make a unit of ; cause to 
be one. Imp. Viet. 
unity (u'ni-ti), n. ', pi. unities (-tiz). [Formerly 
also unitie (also reduced unite, unit: see unit); 
< OF. (and F.) unite = Sp. unidad = Pg. uni</titli 
= It. miita, < L. unita(t-)s, oneness, singleness, 
sameness, uniformity, agreement, < unux, one : 
see one.] 1. The state or property of being 
one ; oneness, as opposed to multiplicity ; in- 
dividuality, as opposed to plurality. 
Now unity, which is defined, is in its own nature more 
apt to be understood than multiplicity, which in some 
measure participates of infinity. Dryden, Life of Plutarch. 
It sufficing to the unity of any idea that it be con- 
sidered as one representation or picture, though made up 
of ever so many particulars. 
Locke, Human Understanding, II. xxiv. ]. 
2. Organic totality; that interconnection of 
parts which constitutes a complex whole; a 
systematic whole as distinguished from its 
constituent parts: as, the unity of conscious- 
ness ; the unity of an artistic creation. See 
def. 9. 
The simplest human consciousness contains more than 
sensation, it contains a reference of sensation to objects ; 
the simplest human consciousness also contains some 
conception of the unity of all objects in one world (were 
it but that it represents them all as existing in one space 
and one time). Caird, Philos. of Kant, p. 203. 
An empirical acquaintance with facts rises to a scientific 
knowledge of facts, as soon as the mind discovers beneath 
the multiplicity of single production the unity of an 
organic system. Max Mutter. 
3. Identity ; self -sameness ; uniformity. 
If the unity of the Ego is really illusory, if the perma- 
nent identical "I" is not a fact but a llction, as Hume 
and his followers maintain, why should one part of the 
series of feelings into which the Ego is resolved be con- 
cerned with another part of the same series, any more 
than with any other series? 
H. Sidgwick, Methods of Ethics, p. 389. 
We are able to say that the Unity or Continuity of 
nature is a principle or law of experience. 
W. R. Sorley, Ethics of Naturalism, p. 267. 
4. The state of being united or combined in 
one ; especially, union as connected parts of a 
complex whole : as, the national unity of the 
separate states. 
England had hardly as yet [829] realized the need of 
national unity, and outside the king's council chamber 
there can have been few who understood the need of 
union between the nations of Christendom. 
J. S. Green, Conq. of Eng., 11. 
5. Harmony or accord in sentiments, affection, 
action, etc. ; concord. 
How good and how pleasant it is for brethren to dwell 
together in unity ! Ps. cxxxiii. 1. 
Unity, secrecy, decision, are the qualities which mili- 
tary arrangements require. 
Macaulay, Hallam's Const Hist 
6. Sameness of character or effect ; agreement; 
coincidence. 
There is such unity in the proofs. Shak., W. T. , v. 2. 35. 
7. In math., a quantity which, multiplied by 
any quantity of the system considered, gives 
that same quantity as the product. Thus, in the 
theory of matrices, the matrix of any order having all the 
constituents zero except those of the principal diagonal, 
which are all ones, is the unity of that order. In ordi- 
nary algebra one, or the unit of abstract number, is the 
only unity. Unit and unity are words frequently con- 
fused ; but with accurate writers unit is the standard of 
measurement, that which is counted, and has no reference 
to multiplication ; while unity has reference to multipli- 
cation alone. In a multiple associative algebra there 
are as many units as the ordinal number of the algebra, 
but there can be but one unity, and there need not be any 
at all. 
8. The principle by which a uniform tenor of 
story and propriety of representation is pre- 
served in literary compositions ; conformity in 
a composition to this principle ; a reference to 
some one purpose or leading idea, or to the 
main proposition, in all the parts of a discourse 
or composition. The so-called Aristotelian law of 
unity of time, of place, and of action (called ' the unities ') 
in a drama was the fundamental rule or general idea 
from which the French classical dramatic writers and 
critics derived, or to which they referred, all their prac- 
tical rules for the construction of a drama. This law 
demanded that there should be no shifting of the scene 
from place to place, that the whole series of events should 
be such as might occur within the space of a single day, 
and that nothing should be admitted irrelevant to the 
development of the single plot. 
The author has not observed a single unity in his whole 
Play. Addison, Sir Timothy Tittle. 
The writers of plays have what they call unity of time 
and place, to give a justness to their representation. 
Steele, Spectator, No. 358. 
_ Tlie so-called unities of time and place are purely fic- 
titious principles, to either of which it may be conve- 
nient to adhere in order to make the unity of an action 
more distinctly perceptible, and either of which may 
univalve 
with equal propriety be disregarded in order to give the 
action probability. 
A. W. Ward, Introd. to Eng. Dram. Lit, p. xi. 
9. In artistic creations, a combination of parts 
such as to constitute a whole or to exhibit a 
form of symmetry in style and character ; the 
quality of any work by which all the parts are 
subordinate to or promotive of one general de- 
sign or effect. 
Among the susceptibilities touched by artistic arrange- 
ments may be noticed the sense of Unity in multitude, 
arising when a great number of things arc brought un- 
der a comprehensive design, as when a row of pillars is 
crowned by a pediment. 
A. Bain, Emotions and Will, p. 235, note. 
10. In law : (fi) The holding of the same es- 
tate in undivided shares by two or more ; joint 
tenancy. (6) The joint possession by one per- 
son of two rights by several titles. 11. A 
gold coin of the reign of James I. See unite 1 . 
Architectonic unity. See architectonic. At unity, 
at one ; in accord or harmony. 
A character at unity with itself ... is strong by its 
very negations. George Eliot, Mill on the Floss, v. 2. 
Formal unity. See formal. Manchester Unity. See 
Odd-Fellow. Material*, mathematical, numerical 
unity. See the adjectives. Primitive Hth root of 
unity. See primitive. Unity of apperception. See 
apperception. Unity of estate, of possession, of time, 
Of title. See estate in joint tenancy, under estate. 
Unity Of type, in Inol. See type. =Syn. 1-4. Junction, 
Connection, etc. See union. 
univalence (u-niv'a-lens), . [< univalen(t) + 
-ce.~] In chem., the property of being univalent. 
univalency (u-niv'a-len-si), n. [As uniralencc 
(see -cy).] Same as univalence. Also called 
monovalency. 
univalent (u-niv'a-lent), a. [< L. units, one, 
+ ralen(t-)s, ppr. of I'alere, be strong, have 
power: see valid.] Having a valence of one; 
capable of replacing a single hydrogen atom in 
combination. 
univalid (u-niv'a-lid), a. Same as uniraJent. 
univalvate (u-ni-val'vat), a. [As univalve + 
-ate 1 .] Same as univalve. 
univalve (u'ni-valv), a. and n. [< L. unus, one, 
+ valva, valve: see valve.] I. . 1. Having 
one valve only, as a mollusk; not bivalve or 
multivalve ; univalved or univalvular. See II. 
2. Having the carapace single, or not hinged 
in the middle line : specifying the cladocerous 
or daphniaceous crustaceans. [Now rare.] 
3. In hot., consisting of one valve or piece. 
II. . In conch., a univalve mollusk or its 
shell ; a shell consisting of a single piece ; for- 
merly, a member of one of three Linnean di- 
visions of Testacea, as distinguished from bi- 
valves and multivalves. The great group of gastropods 
are univalves. The single valve is sometimes very small, 
slight, rudimentary, or hidden beneath the mantle ; but 
in most cases it is large and stout, nearly or completely 
inclosing the soft parts ; and in such cases it usually 
acquires a twist or spiral coil, either in one plane, or, 
oftener, rising in a conical spire endlessly varied in de- 
Apex 
'uture 
fbsterior canal 
Columella 
Outer lip or labrum 
Bodylvhart 
Inner Up or Jabium 
} Axteriorcaxat 
A Univalve Shell, in longisection, showing spiral whorls and 
other formations. 
tails of size, shape, etc. Such coiled univalve shells are 
familiar objects, as those of the snail, whelk, periwinkle, 
etc. Sometimes the coils are quite flat, as in the planor- 
bis ; or the spire is so slight, and the first whorl so large, 
that the resulting figure is ear-like or saucer-shaped, as in 
the ormer. Some univalves are simple caps or cones, as the 
limpets. Some are tubular, as the tooth-shells; or tubu- 
lar and variously contorted, as the worm-shells or verme- 
tids. Some havean egg-shaped or fusiform figure. Many 
univalves have actually a second shell or valve, the oper- 
culum or lid of the aperture ; this, however, does not 
count against their being univalvular. Many forms of or- 
dinary univalves have special names, as helicoid, conoid, 
ilixei'id, ovoid, trochoid, turbinate, turretfd. The direc- 
tion of the coiling, whether right or left, is dextrorse or 
ninistrorxe; a coiling in the opposite from the usual direc- 
tion is reversed. The first whorl of a spiral univalve is the 
body-whorl; its opening is the aperture; the lips of the 
aperture are the outer or labrum, and the inner or colu- 
mtllar, the labium; the lips may be variously produced, 
winged or alatr, canaliculate, etc. (See holostumatoux, 
tinhonottomataut?) The central pillar around which the 
whorls are coiled is the columella ; the whorls above the 
