urchin 
2f. Trifling; foolish. 
Our Illshop . . . made himself merry with the conceit 
how cusiu it was to stride over such urchin articles v> 
man wmilil Ilinl leisure to read thr whole 38, they are so 
frivolous. lip. llnrlu-1, Al>p. Williams, ii. 91. (Daviet.) 
Urchin-fish (iVchin-lish), . A jirickly nlolic 
(isli or sc:i-porcupinc. Ilimlitu lii/xli-i.r, or n simi- 
lur species. See cut under Ihmltni. 
Urchin-form (er'chin-form), . The form or 
type of form of a sea-urchin, (ii-i/fii/nnii-. 
urchont, urchount, Obnolete forms of urchin. 
urde (cr-diV), a. [AF. /</, orde, pointed, < 
OIKl. M IKl.Ki i, a point, <-ml, angle, edge, place, 
= AS. MK. nrit, point of a Hword, point: see 
(/(/.] In In r.: (<i) I laving one or more extremi- 
ties pointed bluntly, aH by the lines bounding 
it making an angle of 90 degrees. (6) Having 
a single blunt-pointed projection from some 
part: as, a bend m-ilr, which has usually in the 
middle of the upper side a prominence ending 
in a blunt point, (c) Same as varriated. Also 
a I'll'/, tnateiy. 
Urdu (oVdS), . [Also Oonloo; = F. urdu, our- 
ilim; < Hind, urdu, Hindustani, so named be- 
cause it grew up since the eleventh century in 
the camps of the Mohammedan conquerors of 
India as a means of communication between 
them and the subject population of central Hin- 
dustan; prop, zabdn-i-urdii, ' camp-language,' < 
urdii = Turk, ordu, ordi, ordd, a camp, < Pers. 
a /!< n. a court, camp, horde of Tatars, also ordu, 
whence ult. E. horde.'] A native name for the 
present Hindustani tongue. See Hindustani. 
Also used adjectively. 
urdy (er'di), o. In her., same as urde. 
ure't (ur), . [< ME. ure, < OP. ewe, uevre, ovre, 
F. a'uere, work, action, operation, = Sp. Pg. 
obra = It. opera, < L. opera, work: see opera, 
operate, and cf. inure, manure, maneuver.] Op- 
eration; use; practice. 
And sure it is taken by cnstome and rare, 
Whyle yonge yon be there Is helpe and cure. 
BMees Book (E. E. T. &.\ p. 348. 
His Majesty could wish I in ancient statutes were in ure 
of holding a parliament every year. 
Bacon, Draft of King's Speech, 1614. 
We will never from henceforth enact, put In ure, pro- 
miilge, or execute any new canons, etc. 
Act ofSubmiaion of Clergy to Hmry VIII., in R. W. 
[Dlxon's Hist. Church of Eng., II., uotc. 
Ure 1 t (tir), v. t. and i. [< ure 1 , .] To work ; prac- 
tise; inure: exercise. More. 
ure a t, [s ME. ure, < OF. eur, eiir, ailr, F. heur 
(in bon-heur, mal-hcur), fate, luck, fortune, F. 
also augure = Pr. agur = Sp. ayiiero = Pg. It. 
nugurio, < L. augurium, augury: see augury. 
Doublet of augury.] Fortune ; destiny. 
M 5 n.- hole affiaunce, and my lady free, 
My godclcsse bright, my fortune and my ure. 
Court oj Love, 1. 634. 
ure :! t (ur), n. [< L. urus, a kind of wild bull : 
see urus.} The urus. 
The third kind is of them that are named urea. Theis 
arc of bignes somwhat lesse than eleplmntes, In kind and 
color aim shape like a bull. Ooldiny, Caesar, foL 163. 
ure 4 t, pron. A Middle English form of our 1 . 
ure r> t, M. A Middle Englisli form of hour. 
ure (1 t, [< Ir. Gael, uir, mold, earth. Cf . urry.] 
Soil : as, an ill ure (a bad soil). [Scotch.] 
ure 7 , " See ewer 9 . 
-ure. [F. -ure = Sp. Pg. It. -ura, < L. -ura, a 
term, of fem. nouns denoting employment or 
result. It is usually attached to the pp. stem 
of verbs, and the noun has the same form as 
the fem. of the future participle : examples are 
apertura, an opening, armatura, equipment, 
junetura, a joining, scriptura, a writing, textura, 
web, etc. In some E. words the termination 
-ure represents L. -atura (> OF. -eiire, > E. -ure), 
as in armure, now armour, armor, ult. identical 
with armature.] A termination of Latin origin, 
appearing in the formation of many nouns, as 
in aperture, armature, juncture, scripture, tex- 
ture, Ji/tsure, pressure, etc. It is sometimes used 
as an English formative, as in waftiire. 
urea (u're-a). n. [NL., < Gr. ovpov, urine: see 
uriiif,] Carbamide, CO.(NH2)2> a crystalline 
solid, soluble in water, and forming crystalline 
compounds with both acids and bases. It Is the 
final product of the proteld decomposition in the body, 
and forms the chief solid constituent of the urine of 
mammals. It appears also in the urine of birds. 
ureal (u're-al), n. [< urea + -al.] Of, relating 
to. or containing urea : as, a ureal solution. 
ureameter (u-re-am'e-ter), n. An apparatus 
for determining the amount of urea in the urine. 
ureametry (u-re-am'e-tri), . The quantitative 
test for urea in the urine. 
uredt, " [< we 2 + -erf 2 .] Fortunate. 
0067 
In my Kite I me auured 
That In my body I was wel tired. 
The lule of Lottie*, 1. 144. 
Uredineae (u-nl-din'c-o). . /''. [Nlj. (Bron- 
gniart, IHlM), < I'rnlo (-<//-) T -fee.] An order 
of minute ascomycetous fungi, parasitic chiefly 
upon living flowering plants and ferns, and fre- 
quently very injurious to them. It includes the 
forms known as rust, smut, mildew, etc. The order is re- 
markaldc for the peculiar alternation of forms undergone 
by many of the species, which are known as the irrMium 
form, uredoform, ami tck-ut. ifunn, :ui<t vslii. It wi-re long 
considered as tndei>cndcnt genera. J'nt-niiia yraminit, 
the so-callcil -n-mlldew, may Iw taken as the type of the 
courso of development followed by most Uredineie, the 
three form-genera ^cirliuw, Uredo, and J'uccinia Iteing 
different stages of It. The first or rccldlum stage Is the 
cluster-cap of the burberry ; the second or ureaoform Is 
the red-rust of grain ; and the third or /'uccinia is the ma- 
ture form. See Fungi, Puceinia, nwM.S, milileu; Micra- 
muxinia, Coniamucetet, heteroeeum Tremellold Ure- 
dineae, a group of Urediiux which do not possess a spo- 
rocarp generation, but consist of a tleutospore-l)eanng 
generation with usually softer and more gelatinous mem- 
branes. 
uredineous (u-re-din'e-us), a. [< Uredineie + 
-oug. ] 1 . Of or pertaining to the Uredineie. 
2. Affected by uredo. 
Urcdines (u-rcd'i-nez), n. pi. [NL., pi. of Ure- 
do.] In bot., the Uredineee. 
uredinoid (u-rod'i-noid), a. In bot., resembling 
the Uredineie, or having their characters. 
uredinous (u-red'i-nun), a. Same as uredineous. 
Uredo (u-re^o), n. [NL., < L. uredo, a blight, 
a blast, < urere (-/""' kindle, burn : see uscion.] 
1. A form-genus or stage in the development 
of fungi of the order Fredinex. It Is the stage 
next preceding the final or Puceinia stage, until recently 
considered a distinct genus, and many forms whose com- 
plete life-history Is unknown are for convenience still re- 
tained under this name. Compare cuts under Puceinia 
and tpermogonium. 
2. ft. c.] A receptacle or hymenium in which 
uredospores are produced. 
uredoform (u-re'do-fdrm), . In hot., the form 
assumed by 'a uredineous fungus in the uredo 
condition that is, that stage in which the 
uredospores are produced. 
uredo-fruit (u-re'do-fr8t), . In hot., same as 
uredospore. 
uredo-gonidium (u-re'do-go-nid'i-um), . In 
bo t., same as uredospore. 
uredospore (u-re'do-spor), M. In hot., in Ure- 
dineee, the peculiar spore produced during the 
uredoform stage of the fungus. It is formed by 
acrogenous separation from a sterigma, and on germi- 
nation produces a mycelium which bears uredospores or 
both nredospores and teleutospores. It is produced dur- 
ing the summer, and serves to reproduce and extend the 
fungus rapidly. See Puceinia, 1 (a) (with cut), heteroeeum, 
and ./</"-'. 
nredosporic (u-rc-do-spor'ik), a. [< uredospore 
+ -ic.j In hot., of or pertaining to a uredo- 
spore. 
ureide (u're-id or -id), . [< urea + -irfe 1 .] A 
compound of urea with an acid radical. The 
ureides include a large number of urea-deriva- 
tives of very complex structure. 
uremia, uraemia (u-re'mi-a),i. [NL. uraemia, 
< Gr. ovpov, urine, -r- aipa, tjlood.] A condition 
resulting from the retention in the blood of 
waste products, chiefly urea, that should nor- 
mally be eliminated by the kidneys, its symp- 
toms are mainly those of a nervous character, such as head- 
ache, nausea, delirium, and convulsions or somnolence fol- 
lowed by coma. 
uremic, ursemic (u-re'mik), a. [< uremia + 
-ic.] Of or pertaining to uremia ; causing ure- 
mia; affected with uremia: as, uremic convul- 
sions. 
Urena (u-re'na), . [NL. (Dillenius, 1732), < 
HI-HI, its name in Malabar.] A genus of plants, 
of the order Malvacex, type pf the tribe f renew. 
It is characterized by flowers with five connate bractleU, 
and fruit everywhere roughened by minute hooks. There 
are 4 or perhaps 6 species, known as' Indian Mallow, na- 
tives of tropical Asia or Africa, with one or two also widely 
dispersed through warm parts of America. They are herbs 
or shrubs, with usually angled or lobed leaves, and small 
yellowish flowers, commonly in sessile clusters. They are 
employed medicinally for.their mucilaginous properties in 
India and elsewhere. In Brazil the flowers of U. lobata 
furnish an expectorant, and the roots and stems a decoc- 
tion used for colic. IT. lobata and V. ginuata, both com- 
mon throughout the tropics, yield from their inner bark 
a useful fiber ; that of the former, the juaxima of Brazil, 
makes a strong cordage and a good paper. At Penang the 
scentless leaves of U. lobata there an abundant weed, 
known as perpulut are collected, dried, and sold for 
mixing with patchouli, which they resemble. 
Urenese (u-re'ne-e), . pi. [NL. (Bentham and 
Hooker, 1862), <" Urena + -e?.] A tribe of poly- 
petalous plants, of the order Malvacess. It is 
characterized by flowers with ten styles, by the stamen- 
column being truncate or five-toothed at the top and ex- 
ternally anther-bearing below, and by five carpels, which 
separate at maturity. It Includes 5 genera, mainly tropi- 
cal herbs or shrubs. See Parnnia and Urena (the type). 
urethra 
ure-OX (ur'oks), . [< urr* + at.] The urua. 
./. T. II lull. Diet. 
Urera (u-re'riil. . [M,. (C:iinlieliaii.l. ISL'li), 
so ealleil with ref. to the stiiiKniK h:iirs usually 
present ; iiTcg. < L. ;< n , linrn : see uxliiin.] A 
genus of plants, type of the -nlit Hl>e / ,-, />,/..,! 
the order I'rtirnre*. It Is distinguished frm th. - 
lat*d genus Urtica by Its baccate fruiting calyx. The '-'i IK-- 
cies are natives of tropical America, Africa, and islands of 
the Indian and Pacific Oceans. They are shrubs or small 
trees. A few are climbers, as U. elata of Jamaica, which Is 
said to reach a height of 30 feet. Thvy constitute, together 
with species of Pilra, the plants known as nrltle In the 
West Indies, replacing there the gtnus Urtica. U. glabra 
(U.Sandwicennt), the opuhe of tin: Hawalliins, a small tree 
free from stinging hairs, yields a valuable fllxir highly es- 
teemed there for making flshlng-ncU. Several otln 
cles furnish flber for ropes, as If. baccifera, a small prickly 
tree frequent from Cuba to Brazil, used medicinally In the 
West Indies as an aperient. (7. tenax, a recently described 
South African species, yields a fllwr resembling ramie. 
uresis (u-re'sis), n. [NL., < Gr. oipr/air, uri- 
nation, < ovfu-iv, urinate, < ovpov, urine: see 
urine.] Urination; micturition. 
uretal (u-re'tal), a. Same as ureteric. 
ureter (fi-re'ter), M. [< Gr. oiiptrrf/p, the urethra, 
also one pf the urinary ducts of the kidneys, < 
oiipeiv, urinate, < ovpov, urine: see urine.] The 
excretory duct of the kidney ; a tube conveying 
the renal excretion (urine) to the bladder, when 
that structure exists, as in mammals, or into 
the cloaca, incase no bladder exists in any 
case, into the lower part of the allantoic cavity 
of the fetus, however modified in adult life. See 
cut under kidney. In man the ureter is a very slender 
tube, from 15 to 18 Inches long, running from the pelvis 
of the kidney to the base of the bladder, at the posterior 
angle of the trlgonum. It rests chiefly upon the psoas 
muscle, behind the peritoneum. Its structure includes 
a fibrous coat, longitudinal and circular muscular fibers, 
and a lining of mucous membrane, with vessels and nerves 
from various sources. The ureter pierces the wall of the 
bladder very obliquely, miming for nearly an Inch be- 
tween the muscular ana mucous coats of that viscus. 
ureteral (u-re'te-ral), a. Same as ureteric. 
ureteric (u-re-ter'ik), a. [< ureter + -ic.] Of 
or pertaining to a ureter. 
nreteritis (u-re-te-ri'tis), n. [NL., < Gr. ovptrrt/p, 
ureter, + -td'.] Inflammation of the ureter. 
ureterolith (u-re'tSr-o-lith), n. A urinary con- 
cretion formed or lodged in the ureter. 
urethane, urethan (u're-than, -than), n. [< 
ur(ea) + eth(er) + -aiie.] In chem., any ester 
of carbamic acid Ethyl urethane, t'O.NHo.O.CH 3 , 
a white crystalline solid, somewhat used in medicine as a 
hypnotic. 
urethra (u-re'thra), n. ; pi. urethra (-thre). [= 
F. urethre = Sp. itretra = Pg. urethra = It. ure- 
tra, < L. urethra, < Gr. ol^a/H/ia, the passage for 
urine, < oipeiv, urinate, < ovpov, urine : see urine. ] 
A modification of a part of a urogenital sinus 
into a tube or a groove for the discharge of the 
secretion of the genital or urinary organs, or 
both ; in most mammals, including man, a com- 
plete tube from the bladder to the exterior, 
conveying urine and semen in the male sex, 
urine only in the female ; in some birds, a penial 
groove for the conveyance of semen only. The 
urethra of the male is always a part of the penis, or a pe- 
nial urethra, continuous usually with the urethra! part of 
the urogenital sinus ; that of the female is only exception- 
ally a part of the clitoris. In man the urethra extends 
from the neck of the bladder to the end of the penis, usu- 
ally a distance of 8 or 9 inches. It is divided Into three 
sections. The prottatic Is that first section of the urethra 
which is embraced by the prostatic gland, 1J inches long, 
somewhat fusiform ; upon its floor is a longitudinal ridge, 
the '''/" montanum or caput ffallinaijinu, on each side of 
which is a depression, the proetatic sinux, perforated by 
openings of the prostatfc ducts. In advance of the veru 
is a median depression or cul-de-sac, variously known as 
the venieuta prottatiea, vagina tnoKulina, sinut pocularit, 
uterut mateulinut, etc, ; and the orifices of the ejaculatory 
ducts of the seminal vesicles open here. The inemora- 
noui is that second section of the urethra, about 3 inch 
long, which extends from the prosUtic gland to the cor- 
pus spongiosum ; it Is contracted in caliber, perforates the 
deep perinea! fascia, and is embraced by layers reflected 
from this fascia and by the specialized compressor ure- 
thras muscle. The spongy section of the urethra extends 
from the membranous section to the end of the penis, be- 
ing all that part of the urethra which Is embraced by the 
penial corpus spongiosum. It is dilated at Its beginning 
this dilatation being sometimes specified as the bulbou* 
section of the urethra, and further marked by the opening 
of the ducts of Cowper's glands and at its end, within the 
glans penis, this terminal enlargement being the /O*M no- 
vicularii. The urethra ends In a narrow vertical silt, the 
mtatit* urinariui. Numerous submucous follicles, the 
glandt of LiUre, open into the spongy section of the ure- 
thra ; one of these openings forms a recess of considerable 
site, the lacuna magna. The substance of the urethra in- 
cludes mucous, muscular, and erectile tissue. In the fe- 
male the urethra Is very short, about 1 i Inches in length, 
and much more simple in structure and relations than 
that of the male. Bulb of the urethra. See bulb. 
Bulbous urethra, that part of the extent of the ure- 
thra which corresponds to Its bulb. .See bulb. Crista 
urethra. See eritta. Membranous urethra, the 
membranous section of the urethra. See def. Penial 
urethra, a urethral groove or tube which forms part of 
