Urocerus 
times called tailed wasps. Sirex (Linnseus, 1767) 
is a synonym. 
urochbrd (u'ro-kord), H. [< Gr. ovpa, tail, + 
xapoi'i, a chord.] 1. The caudal chord of an 
ascidian or tunicate, likened to the notochord, 
chorda dorsalis, or dorsal chord of a vertebrate ; 
the central axis of the appendage of certain 
adult tunicates, as an appendicularian, and the 
corresponding structure of embryonic or larval 
tunicates in general. It Is considered to represent 
the primordial spinal column of a vertebrate, and to In- 
dicate the affinity of the Tunicata with the Vertebrata. 
See Chordata, Urochorda, Vertebrata, and cut under Ap- 
petulKularia. Also urocord. 
2. Any member of the Urochorda. Sell, Comp. 
Anat., p. 313. 
Urochorda (u-ro-kor'da), n. pi. [NL. : see uro- 
chord.] The tunicates or ascidians regarded 
as a branch of Chordata, correlated with Hemi- 
chorda, Cephalochorda, and Craniata: same as 
Ascidia, 1 : so called from the possession, per- 
manently or transiently, of a urochord. The 
Urochorda have been divided into Larvalia and Saccata, 
the latter including the true ascidians, salps,and doliolids, 
the former the Appendiculariidte. The same divisions 
are also named Perennichordata and Caducichordata. 
See cuts under Ascidia, Appendicularia, Doliolidse, Salpa, 
and Tunicata. 
urochordal (u-ro-kor'dal), a. [< urochord + -al.] 
Provided with a urochord ; urochordate ; of or 
pertaining to the urochord or the Urochorda. 
Compare notoclwrdal, parachordal. 
urochordate (u-ro-k6r'dat), a. [< urochord + 
-ate 1 .] Having a urochord, as an ascidian ; be- 
longing to the Urochorda. 
Urochrqa (u-rpk'ro-a), . [NL. (Gould, 1856), 
< Gr. oitpa, tail, +' xp6a, color.] A genus of 
humming-birds, with one species, U. bougueri 
of Ecuador, having a straight bill much longer 
than the head, and wings reaching almost to the 
end of the nearly square tail, whose feathers 
are pointed. It is a large hummer, 6J inches long, the 
bill 1J inches, the wing 2}, the tail 2. The upper parts are 
grass-green, bronzed on the rump ; the throat and breast 
are dark metallic-blue and the flanks shining-green ; the 
6670 
longicaudata, of the Khasia Hills and other hills 
of India. It Is 45 Inches long, the wing and tail each 
about 2 inches, and of dark-olive and rusty-brown colora- 
tion, varied in some parts with whitish streaks. 
Urocissa (u-ro-sis'a), w. [NL. (Cabanis, 1850), 
< Gr. ovpa, tail, +0000, the magpie.] A genus 
of Asiatic Corvidx, with very long and much- 
graduated tail, like a magpie's, the central 
feathers long-exserted, the wings short, the 
head crestless and without wattles, and the bill 
stout. Four species range from the Himalayan region 
into Burma, Siam, and China : U. occipttalii, U. magmros- 
tris, 17. erythrorhyncha (the red-billed jay and black- 
headed roller of Latham, with a coralline beak), and U. 
flaviroistris (yellow-billed); a fifth, U. ccerulea, inhabits 
Formosa. They are large handsome jays, 20 to 24 inches 
long, of which the tail is a foot or more. Blue is the lead- 
ing color. See cut in preceding column. 
Urocyon (u-ros'i-on), n. [NL. (S.F. Baird, 1857), 
< Gr. ovpa, tail, + KVUV, dog, = E. hound.] A ge- 
nus of canine quadrupeds, of which the com- 
mon gray fox of the United States, Urocyon vir- 
ginianus, is the type, closely related in most 
respects to Canis and Vulpes. The name is derived 
from a peculiarity of the hairs of the tail ; but more Im- 
portant characters subsist in certain cranial bones, par- 
Urolestes 
Whitetail (Urochroa boitgueri). 
wings are purplish ; the middle tail-feathers are dark- 
green, but the others are white, edged with blackish, and 
hence of conspicuous coloration (whence the name). 
urochrome (u'ro-krom), n. [< Gr. ovpov, urine, 
+ xpZ>na, color.] A yellow pigment of the 
urine. 
urochs (u'roks), n. Same as aurochs. 
Urocichla(u-ro-sik'la),. [NL. (Sharpe, 1881), 
< Gr. ovpa, tail, + Hix^r/, a thrush.] A genus of 
wrens or wren-like birds, with one species, U. 
Red-billed Tree-jay 
(Urocissa erythrorhyncha). 
Gray Fox (Urocyon -virginianus). 
ticularly the shape of the angle of the lower jaw-bone. The 
genus includes the coast-fox of California, U. littoralis. 
See also cut under Canidie. 
urocyst (u'ro-sist), . [< NL. urocystis, < Gr. 
oi'pov, urine, + KVOTII;, bladder: see cyst.] The 
permanently pervious part of the cavity of the 
allantois of a mammal, for the reception and 
detention of urine; the urinary bladder; the 
cystic vesicle. 
urocystic (u-ro-sis'tik), a. [< urocyst + -ic.] 
Of or pertaining to the urinary bladder ; cystic; 
vesical. 
urocystis (u-ro-sis'tis), . ; pi. urocystes (-tez). 
[NL.: see urocyst.] 1. Same as urocyst. 2. 
[cap.] A genus of ustilagineous fungi, contain- 
ing several very destructive species, as U. Ce- 
pulee, the smut of onions, U. pompholygodes on 
Banunculaceee, etc. See onion-smut. 
Urodela (u-ro-de'la), n. pi. [NL. (orig. F. pi. 
urodeles, Dumeril), neut. pi. of *urodelus : see 
urodele.] An order of Amphibia; the tailed 
amphibians; the ichthyomorphie amphibians, 
which retain the tail throughout life, as distin- 
guished from the Anura, or tailless batrachians. 
They have a naked skin, and may or may not retain gills as 
well as tail, being thus either perennibranchiate or caduci- 
branchiate. The salamanders, sirens, efts, newts, tritons, 
etc., are urodele. Equivalent names are Caudata, Ichthy- 
omorpha, Saurobatrachia. See cuts under axolotl, hell- 
bender, Menobranchus, newt, Proteus, salamander, Sala- 
mandra, and Spelerpes. 
urodelan (u-ro-de'lan), a. and . [< urodele + 
-an.] Same as urodele. 
urodele (u'ro-del), a. and n. [< NL. 'urodelus, 
< Gr. ovpa, tail,+ <!^/lof, manifest.] I. a. Tailed, 
as an amphibian ; not anurous, as a batrachian ; 
retaining the tail throughout life, as a salaman- 
der, newt, or eft ; belonging to the Urodela. 
II. . Any member of the Urodela. 
urodelian (u-ro-de'li-an), a. [< urodele + ^ian.] 
Same as urodele. 
urodelous (u-ro-de'lus), a. [< urodele + -ous.] 
Same as urodele. 
urodialysis (u"ro-dl-ari-sis), n. A partial sup- 
pression of urine. 
urqerythrin (u-ro-er'i-thrin), . [< Gr. ovpov, 
urine, + E. eryflirin.] A red coloring matter, 
seldom if ever found in normal urine, but pres- 
ent in this fluid in fevers, especially rheumatic 
fever. 
Urogalba (u-ro-gal'ba), n. [NL. (Bonaparte, 
1854), < Gr. ovpa, tail,"+ NL. Galb(ul)a.] The 
paradise or swallow-tailed jaeamars, a genus of 
birds of the family Galbulidse. They have the char- 
acters of Oalbula proper, but the middle tail-feathers are 
long-exserted. If. paradisea is the best-known species. 
It is 114 inches long, purplish-black bronzed on the wings 
and tail, with white throat and brown cap. It inhabits 
tropical America. See cut in next column. 
| L 
Paradise Jacamar (Urogalba paradisea). 
Urogallus (u-ro-gal'us), n. [NL. (Scopoli, 
1777), < urns, bull, + gallus, a cock.] A genus 
of grouse : a synonym of Tetrao, and now the 
specific name of the capercaillie, Tetrao uro- 
gallus. See cut under capercaillie. 
urogaster (u-ro-gas'ter), n. [< Gr. ovpov, urine, 
+ yaari/p, stomach.] The urinary intestine, or 
urinary passages collectively, which are devel- 
oped from the original cavity of the allantois in 
connection with the primitive intestinal tract. 
It is that part of the allantoic cavity which continues 
pervious, with the passages connected with it (if there are 
any) subsequently developed. Compare peptogaster. 
urogastric (u-ro-gas'trik), a. [< urogaster + 
-ic7\ 1. Of er pertaining to the urogaster. 
2. Of or pertaining to the posterior pair of 
divisions of the gastric lobe of the dorsal sur- 
face of the carapace of a crab. Huxley. 
urogenital (u-ro-jen'i-tal), a. and n. [< Gr. ov- 
pov, urine, + L, 'genitalis, genital.] I. a. Of or 
pertaining to the urinary and genital organs ; 
urinogenital. Also urinogenital, urinogenitary, 
genito-urinary. Urogenital canal, the urethra. 
Urogenital sinus. See sinus. 
II. n. A urogenital organ. 
urogenOUS (u-roj'e-nns),a. [< Gr. ovpov, urine, 
+ L. -genus, producing: see -gen.] Secreting 
or producing urine ; uropoietic ; uriniparous. 
uroglaucin (u-ro-gla'sin), n. [< Gr. ovpov, urine, 
+ y/laiof, bluish-green.] A blue coloring mat- 
ter occasionally found in alkaline urine in cases 
of inflammation of the bladder. 
urohyal (u-ro-hi'al), a. and n. [< Gr. ovpa, tail, 
+ E. hy(oid) + -al.] I. a. Of or pertaining to 
the urohyal. 
II. n. In ornith., the tail-piece of the com- 
posite hypid bone ; the median azygous back- 
ward-projecting element of that bone, borne 
upon the basihyal ; the basibranchial element, 
or base of the first branchial arch. 
Urolestes (u-ro-les'tez), n. [NL. (Cabanis, 
1850), < Gr. ovpa, tail, + 'Anarfa, a robber: see 
Lestes.] A monotypic genus of African shrikes, 
<. 
of the family Laniidse, related to 
the fiscal shrikes. All the feathers 
of the head and neck are lanceolate, and 
the tail is long and much graduated, 
with the median rectrices long-exserted 
and more than twice as long as the wing. 
U. melanolemus of southern and east- 
