urtical 
Litullry. 2. Stinging; capable of 
sc-rviiiK for indication, us the trichocysts of in- 
l'll-l>n;ill-.. Sri- lriclllll'1/.-ll. 
Urticaria (<! ti-ka'H-ii), . |= F. nrln-mrr. < 
NL. iirlininii. iii'tllc-rash, < L. urtirn, a net I lr : 
see I'rlifi. \ \cttlc-nisli ; urcilo: hives. Thcdis 
casein an eruption of whenls, occtm lug as an Idionym 'i MV 
In some perjionn ufter ruling shell-M^li, certain fruiU, or 
oilhT I'ooil, and almost jiluuvs dependent upon some gait- 
trie der:inp-nienf. Tin- whe.als are indurated elevations of 
the skin, of vaivniu' >!/-', whiti.sh on the top (the swelling 
having loreed tiie Mood out of the capillaries of the skini, 
and surrounded by a reddened zone. They give rise to in- 
tense itchini:, especially when on the covered parts of the 
holly Thev appear suddenly and pass away with equal 
rapidity, one or more crops often coming and going In the 
eotir.se of a single da\. 
urticarial (cr-ti-ka'ri-al), a. [< urticaria + -al.] 
I Vrt.-miino; to, <,( the nature of, or affected with 
urticiirhi. Mxlical News, LII. 546. 
urticarious (i'T-ti-ka'ri-ug), a, [< urticaria -f 
-ous.] Same as urticarial. Medical News, LII. 
780. 
urticate (er'ti-kat), r. ; pret. and pp. urticated, 
ppr. urticatiny. [< ML. urticatus, pp. of tirti- 
care (> OF. ortier; ef. It. orlicheggiare), sting 
like a nettle, < L. urtica, a nettle : see L'rtim. ] 
I. traits. To sting like a nettle; nettle with 
stinging hairs; produce urtication in or of. 
II. intrang. To have or exercise the faculty 
of urtioating; effect urtication ; sting. Urticat- 
ing batteries, capsule, filament. See Ixitteri/, etc. 
Urticating larva, a larva covered witli spiny hairs, which 
have a stinging or nettling effect upon the akin of one 
handling it. See stinging caterpillar (with nit), under 
stinginy. 
urtication (('r-ti-ka'uhon), n. [= F. urtication; 
as urticate + -ion.} The action or result of 
urticating or stinging; a stinging or nettling 
operation or effect; specifically, the whipping 
of a benumbed or paralytic limb with nettles, 
in order to restore its feeling. 
Urticeae (er-tis'e-e), n. pi. [NL. (A. P. de Can- 
dolle, 1805), < ifrticti + -ex.] A tribe of plants, 
of the order Urticacese, typified by the genus 
I'rlica, the nettles. It is characterized by usually 
unisexual flowers with one to five anthers reversed in the 
bud, indexed filaments, an erect orthotropous ovule, and 
a straight embryo. It includes about 40 genera, classed 
in 5 subtribes, of which Urera, Procris, Baehmeria, Parie- 
taria, and Forskohlea are the types. For other genera, 
see II- 1 i-i n". PUea, and Laportea. They are mostly her- 
baceous plants, numerous both in the tropics and in tem- 
perate regions, occasionally, as in Urera and iMportea, 
becoming trees. They are remarkable, in the typical sub- 
tribe, tho Ureresr, for their stinging hairs, and more or 
less in all for the presence of abundant cystoliths or 
masses of crystals embedded in the tissues, and usually 
of a definite aspect, as radiating, fusiform, linear, etc., 
which is characteristic of each genus. 
nrubitinga (S'rij-bi-ting'ga), n. [Braz.,< urubii. 
a vulture, + Tupi tinga, white, bright, beauti- 
ful.] The native name of some hawk or other 
tyrd of prey of South America. It is adopted in 
ornithology (a) as the specific name of an alleged species 
otCathartes, related to the turkey-buzzard of North Amer- 
ica, and (b) [cap. ] as the generic name of a number of black- 
and-white hawks of the buteonlne division of the family 
Faiconidx. U. zonura of Brazil, etc., Is the leading spe- 
cies ; the anthracite hawk. U. anthracina. ranges from 
Central America northward into the United States. The 
genus was named as such by Lesson in 1836. 
urubu (6"rij-bo), n. [Braz.] One of the Amer- 
ican vultures; a bird of the genus Cathartes 
or Catharista. The name is commonly applied, in 
ornithology, to the black vulture, or zopilote, the iribu 
of \ /am, Catharista urubu of Vieillot, Vultur iota or Ca- 
tharte* iota of some writers, now usually known as Ca- 
tharista atrata. This resembles the common turkey- 
419 
Unibu (Catflarijta atrata). 
667H 
buzzard of tin- I'nit.-d stte, but differs In the mode of 
feathering of the neck, proportion)! of wings and tall, 
shape of bill, etc. It Inhabits the warmi-r purls of \ni. i 
lea, from latitude 10 s. to nearly 40' N.. and is common m 
the southern I nited States as far north as the Carolina*. 
It is very voracious, ami act* as an efficient scavenger In 
the towns, where it becomes semi-domesticated. See also 
cut under t'athartts. 
urucuri (o-r^-ko'ri), n. A Brazilian palm, At- 
talea excelsu. Its large oily niiU are burned for their 
stnoiie In curing Para IndU-rubber. Urueuri-iba is the 
name of Coco* coronata. 
Uruguayan (<i'r<i-gwB-an), a. and . [< Uru- 
guay (see def.) + -an.} I. a. Pertaining to 
Uruguay, a republic of South America, situ- 
ated south of Brazil. 
II. n. An inhabitant of Uruguay. 
urua (u'rus), n. [NL., < L. urus = Or. oi'pof, 
wild ox, from the Teut. name represented by 
OHG. ur = AS. ur = Icel. urr, also in comp. 
OHG. urohso, etc.: see ure 3 and aurochs.] 1. 
A kind of wild bull described by Ca>sar; the 
mountain-bull, which ran wild in Oaul at the 
period of the Roman invasion, but has long been 
extinct. This is the Bo urus, or B. jarimigenius, of nat- 
uralists, and is also called reem, tur, ur, ure. and ttre-ox. 
The urus had long spreading horns, unlike the European 
bison (Bison bonamt) or aurochs, and more like ordinary 
cattle, of which B. priiniyenirut is a presumed ancestral 
form ; but by some misunderstanding the name unit has 
also attached to the aurochs, a few Individuals of which 
still linger wild, but under protection, in the forests of 
Lithuania. It has been thought, erroneously, that the 
"chillingham cattle," such as exist in confinement at Chll- 
lingham in Northumberland, England, and Hamilton in 
Lanarkshire, Scotland, are descendants of the animal de- 
scribed by Csar. See cut under aurochs. 
2. [</>.] A genus of Boridie, including the 
aurochs and extinct bisons: therefore equiva- 
lent to Bison as now employed. Bojanus, 1827; 
Owen, 1843. 3. A kind of fossil ox from Esch- 
scholtz Bay, Alaska. BucMand, 1831. 
UTVa (er'va), . [NL. urva, from an E. Ind. 
name.] 1. The crab-eating ichneumon of In- 
dia, Herpestcs urra, of a black color, tho hairs 
annulated with white, and with a white stripe 
on the side of the head. 2. [cap.] A generic 
name of such ichneumons, of which there are 3 
Asiatic species, as U. cancricora. B. R. Hodgson. 
UTVant (er'vant), a. [Appar. an error for cur- 
vant.] In her., same as urred. 
urved (ervd), a. [Appar. an error for curved.] 
In her., turned or bowed upward. Berry. 
US 1 (us), pron. The objective case of ire. 
U8 2 t, n. An old spelling of use 1 . 
U. S. An abbreviation of United States (of 
America). 
U. 8. A. An abbreviation (a) of United Shitcs 
of America, and (6) of United States Army. 
usable (u'za-bl), a. [Also uscable; < use + 
-able.] Capable of being used. 
A lame carriage-horse threw everything into sad uncer- 
tainty. It might be weeks, it might be only a few days, 
before the horse was uteable. Jant Auifen, Emma, xlii. 
usableness (u'za-bl-nes), . The character of 
being usable. Also spelled useableiiess. 
usage (u'zaj), . [< ME. usage, < OF. (and F.) 
usage = Pr. usatge = Sp. usaje = It. usaygio, < 
ML. tisaticum, usage, < L. utius, use: see use.] 
If. Use; enjoyment. 
Kept her to his umif and his store. 
Chaucer, Good Women, 1. 2337. 
2. The act of using. 
Nor be thou rngeful, like a handled bee, 
And lose thy life by uttnfje of thy sting. 
Tennywm, The Ancient Sage. 
3. Mode of using or treating; treatment. 
Deliver what you are, and how you came 
To this sad cave, and what your usage was? 
lleaii. and Ft., Knight of Burning Pestle, iil. 4. 
As I promis'd 
On your arrival, you have met no usage 
Deserves repentance lu your being here. 
Ford, Perkin Warbeck, Iv. 3. 
Base was his usage, vile his whole employ. 
And all despised and fed the pliant boy. 
Cfabbe, The Pariah Register (Works, I. B4). 
4. Long-continued use or practice; customary 
way of acting; habitual use; custom; practice: 
as, the ancient image of Parliament. Technically, 
in English law, usage has n different signification from 
'i/xt'u, in not implying immemorial existence or general 
prevalence. In earlier times custom was defined as a law 
created or evidenced by immemorial usage. Some Amer- 
ican writers use the terms as practically equivalent, ex- 
cept in regarding usage as the facts by which the existence 
of custom is proved ; others treat wage as the habit of In- 
dividuals or classes, such as those engaged in a particular 
trade or business, and custom as the habit of communities 
or localities. 
Afterward, as is the right vtage, 
The lord j s all to hir dede homage. 
Generydei (E. E. T. S.), 1. 251. 
Usage conflrm'd what Fancy had begun. 
Prior, Henry and Emma. 
use 
i, no matter of what kind which circiuns 
have established . . . > < 
//. "f I'-vh.d , 1622. 
The custom of making their nun <'n I i uaiices like the 
1'iaaet of a Corporation, tin ' ' . Manor, . . . 
or the "Bye-laws" of a Parish Is but another Illustra- 
tion of Ih old common htu of Kngland. 
'<! I i . s.x Int., p. Mivlll. 
5. Established or customary mode of employ- 
ing a particular word, phrase, or construction ; 
current locution. 
The more closely one looks Into u*agc, the firmer must 
be one's conviction that its adjudication* have greatly 
more of freedom and elasticity than tlnd countenance with 
mere word-fanciers. f. Hall, Modern English, Pref. 
&f. Manners; behavior; conduct. Spenser,f.O., 
IV. vii. 4.-). 
He Is able with bis tongue and utnge to deceive and 
abuse the wisest man that In. 
l/arinan, Caveat for Cursetors, p. 61. 
By usage, customarily ; regularly. 
They helde hem payed of frultcs that they ete. 
Which that the feldes gave hem by usage. 
Chaucer, Former Age, 1. 4. 
Law and usage of Parliament. See parliamentary 
law, under parliamentary. The usages, certain forms 
and rites In the celebration of the eticnniUt maintained 
by some of the nonjurini; clergy In England and Scotlmid 
namely, the mixed chalice, the Invocation and oblation 
in the prayer of consecration, and distinct and separate 
prayer for the departed. Those who supported the usages 
were called utaycri, and their opponents non-uiagers. All 
the usages were enjoined in the nonjurors' communion 
office of 1718. The liturgical forms were authorized In the 
Scottish communion office of 1764, and the mixed chalice 
became an established custom. See nonjuror. Usages 
Of war. See mirl.=8yn. 4. Habit, Manner, etc. Bee 
custom. 
usager (u'za-jer), n. [< F. usager, < mage, 
usage: see usage.] 1. One who has the use of 
anything in trust for another. Daniel. 2. One 
of a party which maintained tho usages (see 
phrase under usage) among the English non- 
jurors and in the Scottish Episcopal Church, 
usance (u'zans), n. [< ME. ugaunce, < OF. 
usance, < ttttant, using: see uxant.] If. Using; 
use ; employment. 
By this discriminative uxance or sanctfflcation of things 
sacred the name of God is honoured and sanctified. 
Joseph Mede, Diatribe, p. 61). 
But why do you call this benefit made of our money 
usury and madness? It is but ucnnrc, and husbanding of 
our stock. Tier. T. Adams, Works, I. 281. 
2t. Usage; custom. 
As was her uxauticr 
To forthren every wight, and doon plesaunce 
Of veray bounte and of courtesye. 
Chaucer, Good Women, 1. 1476. 
3t. Premium paid for the use of money loaned ; 
interest. 
He lends out money gratis and brings down 
The rate of usance. Nhak., M. of V., I. 3. 48. 
4. The time which is allowed by custom or usage 
for the payment of bills of exchange drawn on 
a distant country. The length of the usance varies 
in different places from fourteen days to six months after 
the date of the bill, and the bill may be drawn at usance, 
half usance, double usance, etc. In recent years a four 
months' usance has been established for India, China, 
Japan, etc. 
usantt (ii'zant), a. [< ME. usaunt, < OF. uxant, 
ppr. of user, use: see use.] Using; accustomed. 
A theef he was of corn and eek of mele, 
And that a sly and usaunt (var. usyng] tor to stele. 
Chaucer, Reeve's Tale, 1. 80. 
usauncet, usauntt. Old spellings of usance, 
uxant. 
Usbeg, . See Uzbeg. 
uschert, . An old spelling of usher. 
Uscock (us'kok), n. [= G. pi. Vsknken, Serbo- 
Croatian fugitives.] One of the dwellers in 
Servia and Bosnia who about the beginning of 
the sixteenth century settled in Dalmatia and 
neighboring regions, on account of the Turkish 
invasions. 
use 1 (iis), M. [< ME. use, lice, us, < OF. us, nr = 
Pr. MS = SD. I^g. It. MSO, < L. usus, use, expe- 
rience, discipline, skill, habit, custom, < uti, 
pp. usus, Oil. oeti, pp. ocsus, use, employ, exer- 
cise, perform, enjoy, etc. ; cf. Skt. iita, pp. of 
V ar, favor. Hence ult. use, v., usage, usual, 
usurp, utttiry, utensil, utilize, utility; abuse, 
peruse; disuse, misuse, etc.] 1. The act of 
employing anything, or the state of being em- 
ployed"; employment; application; conversion 
to a purpose, especially a profitable purpose. 
This word habbeth niuchel on r. Antrcn Ku^f, p. 16. 
The fat of the beast that dleth of Itself . . . may be used 
In any other use. Lev. vii. 24. 
I know not what use to put her to. 
Shot., C. of E., 111. 2. 97. 
Sub. Why, thlsiscovetise! 
Main. No, I assure you, 
I shall employ it all in pious uses. 
B. Jonsan, Alchemist, II. 1. 
