vase-painting 
early hi the liuli century 11. <., and continued until vane- 
painting wan practically ahandoued, ahoiit l!oo ]!. OL I' 
embraces tlif pi'iiml nt liansitiiiii fium the archaic, t<i 
which lielonjj some of the llrst masters annum' vawc-painl- 
ers, unit is by fur the mo^t inipot 'taut for study. In tin 
style a temlcne} touard jtohchromy appears oceRHi" n ilh. 
lilit was nut riMi*i.sl<-ntl> Hoik.'d mil, except in the small 
bllt adillilillllc das* of Altic funeral lrr>1lli. Ill M'lnr 
claim rale |n -rrs i.f the (i)iir(li and third centuries. chi< !l> 
Attic, (tildini! is spariiiKly Introduced. The stile implies 
the | iri -(mi i.i li-ni i 4 and of ornamental designs of every 
kinil, very commonly in hands or zones running around 
the rue, in uhn-h ih>' ilc-i'.-n appears in the !i:ttiu:i! 11 <l 
of the clay, details hcini; itnlicatcil in simpl 
and the jriound hcinvr covered uith snlnl i<l"s-y black. 
Kor examples of the rcd-lltfured dec-oration, see cuts under 
(rl"t'l If llllil /'"- i'lnn . 
Vasidae (vas'i-do), //. /</. [Nlj.. < Vaxum + 
-iilii 1 .} A family of gastropods, named from 
tin 1 ejoniis in/mm: same as Turhiiielliiltr. 
vasifactive ( vas-i-i'ak'tiv), a. [< lj. van, vessel, 
-t- /'(irlii.i, pp. of fin-ire, make (see fact), + -in . \ 
('aiisino; a new formation of blood-vessels; an- 
gioplastic. Micros. Set., N. 8., XXX. 313. 
vasiform (vas'i-fdrm), a. [< L. vas, vessel, + 
fur ma, form.] Having the form of a duct or 
other vessel ; of the nature of a vas or vascu- 
lum; tiibnlar.-vasiform elements, in plants, the 
elements, sucli as vessels, ducts, etc., which make up 
the vascular tissue. Vasiform tissue, tissue made up 
wholly or in part of vessels or ducts. 
Vasinae, Vasina (va-si'ne, -n8), n. pi. [NL., 
< I'lifiiini + -itiic, -ina.'} A subfamily of gas- 
tropods: same as Ci/iiotlontinie. 
vasoconstrictive (vas'o-kon-strik'tiv), a. 
[< L. run, vessel, + K. i-iiiixtni-iii'i 1 . ] Same as 
riisiii-niixtrii-iiii-. II'. .Innies, Prill, of Psychol., 
I. 97. 
vasoconstrictor (vas'o-kon-strik'tor), a. and n. 
[< L. van, vessel, + E.' constrictor.]" I. a. Serv- 
ing to constrict vessels when stimulated, as cer- 
tain nerves: opposed to rasodilator. Both are 
included under rasomotor. 
II. n. That which causes contraction of the 
blood-vessels : applied to nerves and to certain 
drugs. 
vasodentinal (vas-o-den'ti-nal), a. [< vaso- 
dentine + -al.] Pertaining to or having the 
character of vasodentine. 
vasodentine (vas-o-den'tin), . [< L. ran, a 
vessel, + (len(t-)s', = E. tooth, + -ine?.] A 
vascular form of dentine in which blood circu- 
lates; dentine whose capillaries are large 
enough for the passage of red blood-disks. 
Compare osteodentine and vitriodentine. 
vasodilator (vas'o-di-la'tor), a. and n. [< Ii. 
t>o, vessel, + E. dilator.] I. ti. Serving to dilate 
or relax blood-vessels when stimulated, as a 
nerve. See vasomotor. 
II. . That which causes dilatation of the 
blood-vessels: applied to nerves and certain 
drugs. 
vasoformative (vas-o-for'ma-tiv), a. [< L. vas, 
vessel, + E. formative.] Forming or building 
up vessels, usually blood-vessels ; vasifactive. 
vasoganglion (vas-6-gang'gli-on), . ; pi. vaso- 
ganglia (-&). [< L. vox, vessel, + E. gan- 
U/ion.] A network or knot of vessels ; a vas- 
cular rete. 
vaso-inhibitory (vas"6-in-hib'i-to-ri), a. [< L. 
vas, vessel, + E. inhibitory.'} Relating to the 
nerve-force causing dilatation of the blood-ves- 
sels. See inhibitory. 
vasomotion (vas-o-ino'shon), H. [< L. ro, ves- 
sel, + E. motion.] Increase or diminution of 
the caliber of a vessel, usually a blood-vessel. 
vasomotor (vas-o-mp'tor), a. [< L. vas, vessel, 
+ E. motor.] Serving to regulate the tension 
of blood-vessels, as nerves ; yasomotorial, whe- 
ther vasoconstrictor or vasodilator. Compare 
inhibition, 3. Also vasculoinotor. Vasomotor 
center. Same as ivtscidar center. See vascular. Vaso- 
motor coryza, a name given, in accordance with a theo- 
retical pathology, to autumnal catarrh, or hay-fever. X. V. 
Med. JIIIIT., sept. :t,i8s7. Vasomotor nerves, the nerves 
supplied to the muscular coat of the blood-vessels. Vaso- 
motor spasm, spasm of the middle cuat of the blood- 
vessels. 
vasomotorial (vas'o-mo-to'ri-al), a. [< vaso- 
motori/ + -ill.] Pertaining to the vasomotor 
function: vasomotor. 
vasomotoric (vas*o-mo-tor'ik), a. [< vasonto- 
tnr + -iV.j Same as vaaoinotorial. 
vasomotory (vas-o-mo'to-ri), a. [< vasomotor 
+ -i/ 1 .] Same as vasomotorial. Lancet, 1891, 
I. 370. 
vasoperitoneal (vas-o-per''i-to-ne'al), a. [< L. 
vas, vessel, + E. peritmifiil. ] In echinoderms, 
noting the shut sac which results from the cut- 
ting off from the archenteron of a ceecal diver- 
ticulum to which the anterior part of that cavity 
gives rise. The vesicle subsequently opens on the ex. 
terior by a pore, through a diverticulmn from itself, and 
421 
670S 
divides later into two sections an ambulacra! sac, which 
l;n- the luii'i'ljliiiii for the whole ambulacra! Mst* n. ol 
Is, and a peritonea! sac, which KIVCS rise to the j n- 
toneum (whence the namci. 
vasosensory (vas ..--en'xi-ri). n. [< I,, vat 
si'l. 4- K. HI ii.-nii -ij. \ Supplying sensation to tin- 
vessels: applied to sensory nerves correspond- 
ing to the vasomolor nerve-. 
vasquine ivas-ken'), . Same as /)..</"""' 
8rtt, At.l.ut. I!. |.- ( |. 
vassal (vas'al), n. ami '(. [Formerly also vas- 
*<ill, rarely i-iix.*itili ; < ME. ranal, < OF. twwfl/, 
F. rmi/ = Pr. msxiil. r.swiu = Cat. t'<wa/ = 8p. 
= Pg. It. riisxnllii = D. vagxaal = G. 8w. 
= I)un. nimil, < ML. vassatlux, extended 
from vassus, vasus, a servant, < Bret, fftcaz, a 
servant, vassal, man, male, = VV. gtcas = Corn. 
gwas, a youth, servant; cf. Ir. fan, growing, 
growth, and K. wax 1 . Hence tilt, nn-h /. ml* i. 
rti.-ixiiliii/i; riiraniir.] I. n. 1. A feudatory ten- 
ant; one holding lands by the obligation to 
render military service or its equivalent to his 
superior, especially in contradistinction to rear 
vassal and vavasor; a vassal of the first order 
that is, one holding directly from the king. 
Compare great vassal, below. 
The two earls . . . complained of the misrepresenta- 
tions of their enemies and the oppression of then ITUMII/X, 
and alleged that the cause of their flight was notdread of 
those enemies, but fear of Uod and the king. 
StiMt, Const. Hist., | 363. 
A Vassal or Vasseur was the holder or grantee of a feud 
under a prince or sovereign lord. 
W. K. Sullivan, Introd. to oVurry's Anc. Irish, p. ccizvL 
2. A subject; a dependent ; a retainer; a ser- 
vant ; one who attends on or does the will of 
another. 
Passions ought to be her [the mind's] va**aU, not her 
masters. ftakiyh. 
I am his fortune's wutal. Skat., A. and C., v. 2. 29. 
I desire not to live longer than I may be thought to be 
what I am, and shall ever be your faithful and obedient 
r./-.w. Baker, Chronicles, p. 184. 
3. A bondman ; a slave. 
Let such vile vauals, borne to base vocation, 
Drudge in the world, arrd for their living droyle, 
Which hare no wit to live withouten toyle. 
Spemer, Mother Hub. Tale, 1. 156. 
Not txuso&r to be beat, nor pretty babes 
To be darrdled no, but living wills. 
Tennyson, Princess, iv. 
Men's thoughts and opinions are in a great degree vas- 
sal* of him who invents a new phrase or rcapplie* an old 
epithet. I. 'nr.il, Among my Books, 2d ser. , p. 82ti. 
4. A low wretch. 
Obdurate vassals fell exploits effecting. 
Shak., Lucrece, 1. 429. 
Great vassal, under the feudal system, one who held 
lands directly from the sovereign without intermediary. 
Rear vassal, under the feudal system, a vassal of the 
second degree that is, one who held land from a great 
vassal. 
II. o. Servile ; subservient. 
Silver golde in price doth follow. 
Because from him, as Cynthia from Apollo, 
She takes her light, * other mettals all 
Are but his rawuVr starres. 
Tims' Whittle (E. E. T. S.), p. 41. 
Thy proud heart's slave and vatwal wretch to be. 
Shak., Sonnets, cxli. 
vassal (vas'al), v. t.; pret. and pp. vassaled, ras- 
salled, ppr. vassaling, vassalling. [< vassal, n.] 
1. To subject to vassalage; enslave; treat as a 
vassal. 
How am I vaxtal'd then? 
Beau, and Fl., Four Plays In One. 
2. To command ; rise over or above ; dominate. 
Some proud hill, whose stately eminence 
Vassals the fruit full vale's circumference. 
W. Browne, Britannia's Pastorals, i. 4. 
vassalage (vas'al-Sj), . [Formerly also vas- 
aiillagc, vaxsellage; < 5IE. vassalage, vasseltige, < 
OF. vasselage, vasalagc, vasselaige, the service of 
a vassal, prowess, valor, also vassalage, F. vas- 
selage = Pr. vaxsalatge, vasselatge = Sp. rasal- 
lajc = Pg. vassallagem = It. eassallaggio, vassal- 
age; as vassal + -age.] 1. The state of be- 
ing a vassal or feudatory; hence, the obliga- 
tions of that state; the service required of a 
vassal. 
I protest I shall be proud to do yon most obsequious 
vassalage. Marston, What you Will, ii. 1. 
2. Servitude; dependence; subjection; slavery. 
Do you think that all they who live under a Kingly 
Government were so strangely in love with Slavery as, 
when they might be free, to chuse Vaoalage! 
Milton, Ans. to Salmaslus, vil. 
But, slave to love, I must not disobey ; 
His service is the hardest vassalaye. 
Farquhar, Love and a Bottle, iii. 1. 
3. A territory held in vassalage ; a fee or fief. 
vast 
And, which makes the more for IMInrmtnc, i.hc French 
Kim; was again fj> uittcd to tho 
chilli h anil th>' ri-iw n I >n|j.l c.indi- 
; .1 vassalaye. l>f >< i, ' i 
Thecountship ! ranalages, 
Milwan, Latin Christianity, Ix. 8. 
4. Vassals or subject- collectively. |Kan.| 
Like vassalage at unawares encountering 
I lie eye of majesty. Shak., T. and C., III. 2. 40. 
5f. Preeminence, as of one having vassals; 
hence, valor; prowess; courage. 
Al forgeten Is his vastrlagt. 
Chaucer, Knight's T.le, L tltt. 
Nor for thare plesand parsonage, 
Not for (hare t tenth nor vatsnlaffr. 
Latulrr, Dewtieof h >.._,- .1 I. T. S.), L 284. 
Catoun seyth. Is none so gret encreae 
i if worldly trcnowre as for to lyre In pease 
Which among vertues hath the vattefafff. 
ieal I'vtmt, eti:. (ctl. KurnlvallX p. Z7. 
To do one vassalage, to fulfil for one the duties of a 
vassal ; render one the service of a vassal, lleywood, 
Hierarchy of Angels, p. 477. 
vassalatet (vas'af-at), r. t. [< rnssal + -<it< -. ) 
To reduce to a slat.- of vassalage or depen- 
dence; subordinate. Up. Gauden, Tears of the 
Church, p. 496. (Dari,--. } 
vassalationt (vas-a-la'shon), n. [< rastsalate + 
-inn.] Tho state of beiiig vassal or subject; 
vassalage. 
And this vassallation Is a penalty set by the true Judge 
of all things upon our attempt to design of oar own heads 
the forms of good and evil. 
Montayru, Devoute Essays, xv. 2. 
vassalesst (vas'al-es), n. [< vassal + -ess.] A 
female vassal or dependent. 
And be the vassal! of his mstalette. 
Spenser, Daphnalda, 1. 181. 
vassalry (vas'al-ri), n. [< vassal + -(e)ry.] The 
whole body of "vassals; vassals collectively. 
vast (vast), a. and n. [Early mod. E. vante; < 
OF. vaste, F. rastc = Sp. Pg. It. rasto, < L. co*- 
<MS, empty, unoccupied, desert, waste, desolate; 
hence, with ref. to extent as implied in empti- 
ness, immense, enormous, huge, vast; akin to 
AS. tcente, waste: see waste 1 . Hence vastatf, 
devastate, etc.] I. a. It. Wide and vacant or 
unoccupied; waste; desolate; lonely. 
(if antres out and deserts idle . . . 
It was my hint to speak. Shak. , Othello, I. ::. 140. 
2. Being of great extent or size; very spacious 
or large; enormous; massive; immense. 
More devils than cast hell can hold. 
Shalt., M. N. D.,v. 1.9. 
Time with his vast Scythe mows down all Things, and 
Death sweeps away those Mowings. Ilmcell, Letters, ii. 44. 
The mighty Rain 
Holds the vast empire of the sky alone. 
Bryant, Kain-Dreain. 
Black, thick, and vast arose that cloud. 
Whtttier, The Exiles. 
Swells in the north fast Katahdln. 
WhiUirr, Mogg Megone, II. 
3. Very great in quantity, number, or amount. 
The King's Plate that is gathered In this Kingdom 
[Mexico], together with what belongs to the Merchants, 
amounts to a vast Summ. Dampier, Voyages, II. 11. 125. 
A vast number of chapels dressed out in all their finery 
of altar-pieces, embroidery, gilding, and marble. 
Gray, Letters, I. 18. 
An army of phantoms raft and wan 
Beleaguer the human soul. 
Longfellow, The Beleaguered City. 
4. Very great as to degree, intensity, difficulty 
of accomplishment, importance, etc.; mighty: 
used also in exaggerated colloquial speech, be- 
ing much affected in the eighteenth century. 
Tis a vatt honour that is done me, gentlemen. 
Vanbmyh, -Ks.iji, v. L 
Lady Stafford arrd Mrs. Pitt were in nut beauty. 
Walpole, Letters, II. 1M. 
The affairs of the general government, foreign and do- 
mestic, are vast and various arrd complicated. 
D. Webster, Speech, Boston, June 6, 1828. 
= Syn. 2. Spacious. S and 4. Colossal, gigantic, prodi- 
gious, tremendous, stupendous. 
II. ". 1. A boundless waste or space; im- 
mensity. 
They have seemed to be together, though absent, shook 
hands, as over a vast, and embraced, as it were from the 
ends of opposed winds. Shak., W. T., L 1. 83. 
The vast of heaven. Milton, P. L., vL 203. 
Swifter than thought the wheels instinctive fly, 
Flame thro' the vast of air, and reach the sky. 
Pope, Iliad, vil!. 544. 
2. A great deal; a large quantity or number. 
[Local, Eng.] 
It were a vast o' people went past th' entry end. 
Mrs. Oaskell, Sylvia's Lovers, vii. 
3. The darkness of night, in which the pros- 
pect is not bounded in by distinct objects : only 
in the following passage. 
