velvet 
pattern of rmlKissi -il velvet with nohl thread or Hiinihu 
brilliant maiciiai. Genoese or Genoa velvet. IN 
'/- ,,&'. Raised Velvet, velvet in which them; in a pat- 
tern iii relief. Al*> culled r,i,i>,,**,,l ivlrri. Stamped 
velvet, see iiamii. -Tapestry velvet or patent velvet 
carpet, see tuiwttnj. Tartan velvet. See tni-i,n,\. 
Terry velvet. s.,-/,rr,/. To stand on velvet, to have 
made one's bets no that on* ran i ii it Ii i*e. [Racing slang.] 
Uncut Velvet, velvet in which the III.IJIH an not cut: 
winie us terry. Utrecht velvet, a plush used in velvet 
upholstery. m !<! of niih.iii . in in inferior i|ii:ili t ies, of 
hull- unil cotton. Velvet upon velvet, velvet of which 
:i |ii I of the pile in higher or deeper than the rest, the 
raiscil part forming A pattern. Compare j'il,' "j>"ii pile, 
IIII'I.T fnl, I. 
II. <l. 1. .Mailf iif velvel . 
This morning wu liroiight home- my new velvet cloak 
ttlHt is, Illlrll With VclVI't. il gooll cloth tile olltsille the 
first that 1 ever hail In my life. l'fi>>/*, IHary, Oct. 29, 1663. 
2. Soft and smooth to the touch; resembling 
velvet in this respei-t. 
Ili ,, , -slip's velvet head. Milliin, Comus, 1. 898. 
3. Very soft and smooth to the taste : as, old 
i-rli-ft Bourbon Velvet ant.a solitary ant, of the fam- 
ily Mntili,i:r ; a spider-ant : so called frum the soft hairy 
covering. Also sometime! gnu-sMl. Velvet Chiton, a 
polyplacophorous niollusk, Cr>ipttxhit<>,t gteileri, fonml 
from Alaska to California. Velvet COrk. See cor*l. 
Velvet dock, see rfoeti, 2. Velvet duck, velvet 
COOt. Same as vt-lt'i-t neuter. 
Man, that was a tine velvet duck you sent me as hand- 
some a fellow as ever I set eyes on. 
W. Black, In Kar Lochaber, xxi. 
Velvet fiddler, a kind of crab, Portunut vuber. Velvet 
osier, runner, see the nouns. velvet scoter, a kind 
of blaek duck with a large white speculum on the wing, of 
the subfamily t'uliguliiur, family Aiuitiiltr ; the (Kdemia 
6715 
it refer, | () the mayor of n city); hence, one in 
the service of tin- king. 
S|Kiken like a man, and true txiuet iadret, 
Ami we will enter, or strike by the way. 
Beymod, 1 Kdw. I V i u oiks, cd. I'earson, 174. I. 17). 
Velvetleaf ivel'vet-lcf), ;,. 1. A downy-li -:ili 'il 
tnipii-iil vine. t'i.<*<nn/n-/<>* 1'iiriirii. I'lirnisliing a 
metlicinnl root. See /nn-iirii. 2. SIT /.iv<- 
li-ni. 3. In the United States, tin- Indian mal- 
low, .llnitilon .Iriri-iiit.T, mi annual plant with 
downy heart-shaped leaves. Sometime* i-alled 
.liiiirii-ini jnii . See /'/<-. East Indian velvetleaf. 
See TuurnefuHia. 
velvet-loom (vi I'M t-l(iiii),n. A loom for mak- 
ing |iile-falrics. K. II. Knight. 
velvet-moSS (vel'vet-mos), '//. A lichen, I'm- 
Velvet Scoter (Mtlattttta vetvettHa}. male. 
.fuaca. a bird of Europe, the American variety of which is 
sometimes called (Kdemia or Melanetta velvetina, white- 
winged scoter, etc. See scoter. Velvet sponge, tama- 
rind. See the nouns. 
velvet (vel'vet), v. [< velvet, .] I. intrans. 
To produce velvet-painting. 
Verditure ... Is the palest green that is, but good to 
velvet upon black in any drapery. Peacham, Drawing. 
II. trans. To cover witli velvet ; cause to re- 
semble velvet. [Rare.] 
velvetbreast (vel'vet-brest), n. The American 
merganser or sheldrake, Mcryutt americaiius. 
[Connecticut.] 
velvet-bur (vel'vet-ber). . See Priva. 
velvet-cloth (vel'vet-kldth), n. A plain smooth 
cloth with a gloss, used in embroidery. Diet, 
of Needlework. 
velvet-ear (vel'vet-er), n. A shell of the fam- 
ily Velutiiiidse. 
velveteen (vel-ve-ten'), M. [(velvet + -ecu.] 1. 
A kind of fustian made of twilled cotton, with 
a pile of the same material. 2. A kind of vel- 
vet made of silk and cotton mixed throughput 
the fabric. This material has been greatly im- 
proved, and almost equals silk velvet in beauty. 
Ribbed velveteen, a strong material of the nature of 
fustian, having ribs or ridges of velvety pile alternating 
with depressed lines which are smooth and without pile. 
velvet-flower (vel'vet-flou'er), ii. The love- 
lies-bleeding, Amarantus caudatus : so named 
from its soft velvety flower-spikes. In one old 
work applied to the French marigold, Taijetcs 
/KI tula. 
velvet-grass (vel'vet-gras), n. See Holenx. 
velvetguardst (vel'vet-gardz). H. pi. Velvet 
trimmings; hence, persons having their gar- 
ments trimmed with velvet. See guard, ., 5 
(c), and guard, v. t., 3. 
To velvet-guards and Sunday citizens. 
Shak., 1 Hen. IV., ill. 1. 261. 
These velvet-guards, and black-laced sleeves. Prynne. 
velveting (vel'vet-ing), H. [< rrlret + -imj 1 .} 
1. The fine nap or shag of velvet. 2. J>1. 
Velvet goods collectively; also, a piece of vel- 
vet goods: as, a stock of nln tini/x. 
velvet-jacket t (vel'vet-jak'et), n. Part of the 
distinctive dross of a steward in a noble family ; 
hence, the man wearing it (in the quotation 
nun inn, nseil in dyeing, found in the 
Dovre K.jeld .Mountains of Norway. 
velvet-painting (vel'vet-pan'ting), . The art 
or practice of coloring or painting on velvet. 
velvet-paper (vd'vet -pu'per), . Same as 
velvet-peet (vel'vet-pe), w. [< velvet + *pee, 
"pea, iny--jackct : see / n-jurkct. ] A velvet 
jacket. 
Though now your blockhead IMS covered with a Spanish 
block, and your lashed shoulders with a velvet-pee. 
Fletcher (and another). Love's Cure, II. 1. 
velvet-pile (vel'vot-pil), n. 1. The pile of vel- 
vet ; also, a pile or nap like that of velvet. 2. 
A material other than velvet, so called from its 
having a long soft nap, as a carpet. 
velvet-satin (vel'vet-sat'in), n. A silk mate- 
rial of which the ground is satin with the pat- 
tern in velvet-pile. 
velvetseed (vel'vet-sed), n. A small rubiaceous 
tree, Guettarda elliptica, of the West Indies and 
Florida. [West Indies.] 
velvet-work (vel'vet-werk), w. Embroidery 
upon velvet. 
velvety (vel'vet-i), a. [< velvet + -y 1 .] 1. 
Resembling velvet ; having a nap like that of 
velvet ; also, soft and smooth to the eye or to 
the touch, somewhat like velvet: as, velvety 
texture among minerals. 
Textures are principally of three kinds : (1) Lustrous, 
as of water and glass. (2) Bloomy, or velvety, as of a rose- 
leaf or peach. (S) Linear, produced by filaments or threads, 
as in feathers, fur, hair, and woven or reticulated tissues. 
Rutkin, Lectures on Art, j 185. 
2. Having a peculiar soft or smooth taste. 
The mm is velvety, sugary, with a pleasant, soothing ef- 
fect. Harper's Mag., LXXVI1. 216. 
3. Having a contact like that of velvet; touch- 
ing softly: as, a relrety touch on the piano. 
vena (ve'na), ii.; pi. vense (-ne). [NL., < L. 
rcna, a blood-vessel, a vein : see t'eiw.] In a nut., 
a vein. See vetn.-Fona of the vena cava. See 
/>!. Vena azygos, an azygous vein. Bee atyyout. 
Vena cava, either of the two main trunks of the sys- 
temic venous system, discharging into the right car- 
diac auricle, (a) The inferior or ascending vena cam re- 
turns the blood from the lower limbs and abdomen, begin- 
ning at the junction of the two common iliac veins In front 
of the fourth lumbar vertebra, and thence ascending on the 
right side of the aorta to and through the tendon of the 
diaphragm to empty into the lower part of the right car- 
diac auriele. It receives the lumbar, spermatic, renal, 
tapsular, hepatic, and inferior phrenic veins, (b) The su- 
perior or descending vena cava returns the blood from the 
head and neck, the upper limbs, and the whole of the tho- 
rax. It is formed by the junction of the right and left in- 
nominate veins, behind the junction of the first costal car- 
tilage of the right side with the sternum, and descends 
nearly vertically to empty into the right auricle of the 
heart. It receives the pericardia! and mediastinal veins 
and the large azygous vein. In vertebrates at large the 
two venie cava! are distinguished as postcaral and preraral 
twin*. See cuts under circulation, diaphragm, embryo, 
heart, lung, pancreas, and thorax. Vena COmes (pi. ventr 
cmnite*), a companion vein : a satellite- vein: a vein, often 
one of a pair, which closely accompanies an artery In its 
course. The larger arteries have usually one, the small- 
er arteries two. Vena contract*, In hydraul. See con- 
tracted vein, under contracted. Vense basis vertebra- 
rum, the basispinal veins ; the veins of the body of each of 
the vertebra;. See veiue spinales, below. Vense comites, 
See vena comes, above. Vense cordis minima the 
smallest cardiac veins (which see, under vein). Vense 
externaa, in Tuberacea, peculiar white veins observed 
on a section of the sporophore, produced by the dense 
tissue containing air, which fills the asciferous chambers. 
De Ban./. Vense Oalenl, the veins of (Jalen ; the veins of 
the cerebral ventricles, and especially one of the main 
trunks by which these veins empty into a venous sinus. 
Vense internae, in Tuberacete, dark-colored veins seen on 
a section of the sporophore, indicating the walls of the as- 
ciferous chambers, which are composed of tissue contain- 
ing no air. De Bary. Vense lymphatiCffl. Sameaswn* 
internee. Vense spinales, the spinal veins; the many 
veins and venous plexuses in and on the spinal column, 
draining blood from the vertebral bones and spinal cord 
and its membranes. In man these veins are arranged and 
named in four sets the basispinal, dorsispinal, medrdli- 
spinal, and meninfforachidian. All these veins are valve- 
less, and form extensive and intricate anastomoses with 
one another. Venae vorticosae, ciliary veins: same as 
vasa vorticosa. See mu. Vena lienalis, the splenic vein. 
Vena porta, vena portse, the portal vein. Ste portal', 
venatically 
and cut* under circular, /'/<*. and patf* 
Vena salvatella, tin- \.in of the litti. iin K .i, .mj.tjini; 
int. i tip iilnar. 
venada < vi'-mi'dii). . [*!' r> ""''". u dfiT, < I.. 
i ' until,-, limiting, tin- i-liusi', giui Mtfe, 
iiinl ct. I'liuxini.} A sniiill ili-i-r of Chili, I'mlmi 
liiiiiiili.-; the pudu. 
Venal 1 (vr-'nal), . [< OK. r. /, K. n'mil = 
S]i. IV. Hunt = It. n-iialr, < I-. n-iinlis. of or 
| i-tiiiniiitfto selling, purchasable, < fi-mi.i. ;il>u 
iv/iwiH.Hale, = Or. wiwf.prici-; i-f. unf, pnreUM. 
= Skt. rannii, prii-i', wages, wealth; perhaps < 
v 7 MU, ilwi-ll, c\i>t: see was. From L. venus 
an- ult. K. vend 1 , etc.] 1. Ready to sell u<-'-< 
MI vices or influence for money or other valu- 
able conoidi'i-ation. and entirely from Minliil 
motives; )>ought or to be bought basely or 
meanly for personal gain; mercenary; hire- 
ling: used of persons: as, a vcnat politician. 
I'rnal and licentious scribblers, with just sufficient tal- 
ents to clothe the thought* of a pandar in the style of a 
In lliniin, were now the favourite writers of the Soverel|rn 
and the public. Macaulau, Milton. 
2. Characterized by or springing from venality; 
also, made a matter of sordid bargaining and 
selling: used of things. 
Beasts are brought into the temple, and the temple 
Itself Is exposed to sale, and the holy rites, as well as the 
beuts of sacrifice, are made venal. 
Jer. Taylor, Works (ed. 1836X I. 103. 
All my professions . . . might be ascribed to veiuil In- 
sincerity. OMmiUi, To Mrs. Lawder. 
= Syn. Venal, Mercenary, Hireling. These words repre- 
sent a person or thing as ready to be dishonorably em- 
ployed for pay. Each Is strongest in one sense. Venal Is 
strongest In expressing the idea of complete sale to a pur- 
chasercharacter, honor, principle, and even individuality 
being surrendered for value received, the venal man doing 
whatever his purchaser directs, a venal press advocating 
whatever it Is told to advocate. Mercenary la strongest 
in expressing rapacity, or greed for gain, and activity. 
Hireling Is strongest in expressing servility and conse- 
quent contempt, hire having become an ignoble word for 
pay : as, a hireling soldiery ; a hireling defamer. A venal 
man sells his political or other support ; a mereeiutry man 
sells his work, being chiefly anxious to get as much pay 
as possible ; a hireling will do mean or base work as long 
as he Is sure of his pay. Venal means a being ready to sell 
one's principles, whether he makes out to sell them or not ; 
mercenary and hireling suggest more of actual employ- 
ment. 
venal 2 (ve'nal), a. [= Sp. Pg. reiH/C, < NL. 
renalis, < L. rena, vein: see rein. Cf. veinal.] 
Of or pertaining to the veins; venous: as, venal 
blood or circulation. [Obsolescent.] 
venality (ve-nal'i-ti), n. < OF. renalite, F. 
rfnalite = Sp. venalidad = Pg. renalidailf = It. 
venalita, < LL. venalita(t-)a, capability of being 
bought, < L. venalu, purchasable : see remit 1 .] 
The state or character of being venal, or sordid- 
ly influenced by money or financial considera- 
tions; prostitution of talents, offices, or ser- 
vices for money or reward ; mercenariness. 
He preserved his independence in an age of venality. 
GoldtmM, Citizen of the World, xllll. 
Infamous Venality, grown bold, 
Writes on his bosom to be let or sold. 
Covper, Table-Talk, 1. 416. 
venallt, . Beewmul. 
venally (ve'nal-i), udr. In a venal manner; 
mercenarily. 
Venantest (ve-nan'tez), n. pi. [NL., pi. of 
veitan(t-)s, ppr. of venari, hunt, chase: see 
venation 1 .] The hunting-spiders, a group of 
spiders so called because, instead of weaving 
webs in which to lie in wait, they run or leap 
about to chase and catch their prey. See Jtfy- 
r/nlidee, Lycosidx, and cuts under bird-spider, 
Mygalc, tarantula, and icolf-sjiider. 
venary't, An obsolete form of rettery. 
venary^ (ven'a-ri), a. [Irreg. < L. tenari. hunt, 
chase: see trnationl. Cf. miery 1 .] Of or per- 
taining to hunting. HoweU. 
venasquite (ve-nas'kit), n. [< Venasque (see 
def.) + -i(c 2 .] In mineral., a variety of ottrelite, 
found at Venasque in the Spanish Pyrenees. 
venatic ( ve-nat'ik), a. [< L. renaticwt, of or per- 
taining to hunting, < venatus, hunting, the chase, 
< tenari, hunt, chase : see venation?.] 1. Of or 
pertaining to hunting; used in hunting. 
Newton's guess that the diamond was Inflammable, and 
many instances which must itccur to the reader, are of the 
true artsnian kind : he did it by a sort of venatie sense. 
Dr. J. Brown, Spare Hours, 3d ser, p. 202. 
2. Given to hunting; fond of the chase, 
venaticat (ve-nafi-kg), n. Same as rinatico. 
venatical (ve-nat'i-kal), a. [< venatic + -/.] 
Same as renatic. 
There be three for Venary or Venatical Pleasure In Eng- 
land : viz ., A Forest, a Chase, and a Park. 
llmrtll, Letters, Iv. 16. 
venatically (ve-nat'i-kal-i), arfr. In a venatic 
manner; in the chase. 
