Venation of a Hymenopterous Insect('/f- 
olus tnercatus\ a parasitic bee. (Cross 
shows natural size.) 
venation 
venation^ (ve-na'shon), . [< L. rtiiatio(ii-), 
hunting, a hunt, < rennri, hunt. Of. venison, a 
doublet of renatioti 1 ; cf. also rettery 1 .] 1. The 
art or practice of hunting; pursuit of game. 
Sir T. Browne. 2. The state of being hunted. 
Imp. Did. 
venation 2 (ve-tia'shpn), n. [< NL. reiKitio(ii-), 
< Li. reiui, a vein: see ve>ial%, tern.'} 1. In hot., 
the manner in which veins or nerves are dis- 
tributed in the blade of a leaf or other expanded 
organ. See ner- 
vation. 2. In 
entom.: (ti) The 
mode or sys- 
tem of dis- 
tribution of 
the veins of 
the wings, (fc) 
These veins or 
nervures. col- 
lectively con- 
sidered as to 
their arrange- 
ment. See vein, 
3, and cut un- 
der nervure. 
venational (ve- 
na'shon-al), a. [< venation 2 + -al.~\ l-a entom., 
of or pertaining to venation: as, venational char- 
acters of insects' wings; venational differences 
or description. 
venatorial (ven-a-to'ri-al), a. [< L. venator, a 
hunter ((.venari, hunt: see venation*-), + -i-al.] 
Relating to the chase; pertaining to hunting; 
venatic. [Bare.] 
Oh ! that some sylvan deity, patron of the chase, would 
now inspire Brown with venatorial craft. 
Fortnightly Kev., N. S., XLIII. 94. 
vencuset, *' A Middle English form of vanquish. 
vend 1 (vend), v. t. [< F. vendre = Sp. Pg. ven- 
der = It. vendere, < L. vendere (pret. vendidi, 
pp. venditus), sell, cry up for sale, praise, contr. 
of venundare, veitumdare, also, as orig., two 
words, venum dare, sell, < venum, sale, price, + 
dare, give: see venal 1 and date 1 .] To transfer 
to another person for a pecuniary equivalent ; 
sell : as, to vend goods. 
Amongst other comodities, they vended much tobaco 
for linen cloath, stuffs, <Sc., which was a good henettte to 
ye people. Bradford, Plymouth Plantation, p. 234. 
The Greeks . . . tell you that Zebedee, being a Fisher- 
man, was wont to bring Fish from Joppa hither, and to 
vend it at this place. 
Maundrell, Aleppo to Jerusalem, p. 98. 
The other nut-sellers in the streets vend the almond- 
nuts. . . . The materials are the same as those of the gin- 
gerbread. ... A split almond is placed in the centre of 
each of these nuts. 
Mayhew, London Labour and London Poor, I. 213. 
vend 1 ! (vend), . [< vend 1 , v.~] Sale; market. 
She . . . has a great vend for them (and for other curi- 
osities which she imports). 
Richardson, Clarissa Harlowe, IV. 165. (navies.) 
Vend 2 (vend), n. Same as Wend 2 . 
vendablet (ven'da-bl), a. [ME., < OF. venda- 
ble (= Pg. vendav'el), < vendre, sell: see vend 1 . 
Cf. vendible.'] Same as vendible. 
For love is over al vendable. Rom. of the Hose, 1. 5804. 
vendace (ven'das), u. [A.\so vendis ; < OF. ven- 
dese, vendoise, vandoise, F. vandoise, F. dial. 
vaudoise, ventoine, dace; origin unknown.] A 
variety of the whitefish, Coregonus willughltyi 
or C. vandesius. It is noted for its restricted distribu- 
tion, being found in Great Britain only in Lochmaben, in 
Dumfriesshire, and in two or three of the English lakes, 
and on the Continent in some of the rivers and lakes of 
Sweden. The body is deep and compressed, the back 
brown, the sides tinged with yellow, the belly silvery, the 
tail broadly forked, and the pectoral and ventral fins yel- 
low. The average length is from 6 to 7 inches. The flsh 
is esteemed a great delicacy, and is taken with the sweep- 
net about August. 
vendaget, . A Middle English form of vintage. 
Vendean (ven-de'an), . and n. [< F. Vendeen ; 
as Vendee (see del'.) + -an.~\ I. . Of or per- 
taining to Vended, a department of western 
France, or the Vendeans. 
II. n. A native or an inhabitant of Vende'e ; 
specifically, a partisan of the royalist insurrec- 
tion against the republic and the Revolution 
which was begun in western France in 1793, 
and whose chief seat was in Vendee. 
vendee (ven-de'),. [< vend 1 + -eel.] The per- 
son to whom a thing is sold : opposed to ven- 
dor. 
If a vicar sows his glebe, or if he sells his corn, and the 
vendee cuts it, he must pay the tithes to the parson. 
Ayliffe, Parergon. 
Vende'miaire (von-da-mi-ar'), n. [F., < L. vin- 
demia, grape-gathering, vintage, wine : see vin- 
6716 
dfiiiiiil. | The first month of the French revo- 
lutionary calendar, beginning (in 1793) Septem- 
ber 22d, and ending October 21st. 
vender ( vcn'der), M. [Also vendor; < OF. *ven- 
dnur, ri'iidenr.V. tendeur = Sp. Pg. vcndcdor = 
It. venditore, < L. venditor, seller, < vendere, sell : 
see vend 1 . Cf. venditor.] One who vends or 
sells; a seller: as, a news-vender. 
vendetta (ven-det'a), n. [< It. vendetta, a feud, 
< L. vindicta, vengeance, revenge, < vindicarc, 
claim, arrogate, defend one's self: see riiuli- 
cate, venge.] A condition of private war in 
which the nearest of kin execute vengeance on 
the slayer of a relative; a blood-feud. In Corsica 
the vendetta is regarded as a duty incumbent on the fam- 
ily of the murdered man, and, failing to reach the real 
murderer, they take vengeance on his relatives. The jirar- 
tice exists, although to a more limited extent, in Sicily, 
Sardinia, Calabria, Afghanistan, etc., and in certain rude 
and remote districts of the United States. 
The various forms of private vengeance which have be- 
come common in this country are in many respects allied 
to Italian vendetta as it existed and may to some extent 
still exist in Corsica and Calabria, and with modifications 
in .Naples, where, as has been said, "it is reduced to rule 
and recognized by public opinion." 
IT. A. Ren., CXXXIX. 73. 
vendibility (ven-di-bil'i-ti), H. [< vendible + 
-it-y; cf. L. rendibiliter, salably.] The state of 
being vendible or salable. 
The vendibility of commodities. 
Jer. Taylor, Rule of Conscience, iv. I. 
vendible ( ven'di-bl), a. and n. [< OF. vendible = 
Sp. vendible = Pg. vendivel = It. vendibile, < L. 
vendibilis, that may be sold, salable, < vendere, 
sell: see vend 1 .] t. a. Capable of being or fit 
to be vended or sold; to be disposed of for 
money; salable; marketable. 
Foxe skins, white, blacke, and russet, will lie vendible 
here. Hakluyt'a Voyages, I. 309. 
Silence is only commendable 
In a neat's tongue dried and a maid not vendible. 
Shalt., M. ofV.,i. 1. 112. 
II. n. Something to be sold or offered for 
sale : as, butter, fowls, cheese, and other ven- 
dibles. 
vendibleness (ven'di-bl-nes), n. Vendibility. 
vendibly (ven'di-bli), adv. In a vendible or 
salable manner. 
vendicatet, v. See vindicate. 
vendis (ven'dis), )(. See vendace. 
venditatet (ven'di-tat), v. t. [< L. venditatux, 
pp. of venditare, offer again and again for sale, 
freq. of vendere, sell: see vend 1 .] To set out, 
as for sale; hence, to display ostentatiously; 
make a show of. 
This they doe in the subtiltie of their wit, ... as if 
they would venditat them for the very wonders of natures 
worke. Holland, tr. of Pliny, xxxvii. 12. 
venditationt (ven-di-ta'shqn), H. [< L. vendi- 
tatio(n-), an offering for sale, a boasting, (.ven- 
ditare, try to sell, freq. of vendere, sell, cry up 
for sale, boast: see vend 1 .] An ostentatious 
display. 
Some [plagiarists], by a cunning protestation against all 
reading, and false venditation of their own naturals, think 
to divert the sagacity of their readers from themselves. 
B. Jonson, Discoveries. 
The venditation of our owne worth or parts or merits 
argues a miserable indigence in them all. 
Bp. Hall, Occasional Meditations, 30. 
vendition (ven-dish'pn), n. [< L. venditio(n-), 
a sale, < vendere, pp. venditus, sell: see vend 1 ."] 
The act of selling; sale. [Rare.] 
By way of vendition, or sale, he gives them up. 
Langley, Sermons (1644), p. 20. (Latham.) 
vendor (ven'dor), n. Same as v ender, but more 
common in legal use. In the law of conveyancing 
the word is commonly used in reference to the prelimi- 
nary or executory contract of sale, usually made in writing 
before the execution of a deed to transfer the title, and 
designates him who agrees to sell, and who after he has 
actually conveyed is commonly called the grantor. So if 
A contracts, not as agent but on his own account, to sell 
and convey property belonging to B, and procures B to 
convey accordingly, A is the vendor and B the grantor. 
Our earliest printers were the vendors and the binders 
of their own books. I. D'Israeli, Amen, of Lit., II. 425. 
In sales of lands the party selling is almost always 
spoken of as " the vendor " ; but in sales of goods he is 
quite as frequently spoken of as "the seller." 
Mozley and Whiteky. 
Vendor and Purchaser Act, a British statute of 1874 
(37 and 38 Viet., c. 78) which enacts that forty years (in- 
stead of sixty) be the period of commencement of title to 
land sold, unless otherwise stipulated, and further affects 
the relations of vendor and purchaser of lands. Ven- 
dor's liens. See lierit. 
vendue (ven-du'), n. [< OF. vendue, a sale, < 
eendu, pp. of vendre, sell : see vend 1 .] A public 
auction. 
I went ashore, and, having purchased a laced waistcoat, 
with some other cloaths, at a vendue. made a swaggering 
figure. Smollett, Roderick Random, xxxvi. (Varies.) 
veneer-moth 
We'd better take maysures for shettin' up shop, 
An 1 put off our stock by a vendoo or swop. 
Lowell, Biglow Papers, 2d ser., v. 
vendue-masterf (ven-du'mas"ter), w. An auc- 
tioneer, ll'liartoii. 
venet, A Middle English form of rein. 
veneer (ve-ner'), v. t. [Formerly also fineer ; 
corrupted (prob. in factory use) from "funi/tr, 
< Gr.fiiniiren,fournircn = D. fornieren,'fnrniren 
(cf. D&n.finere, < E. ?), inlay, veneer, furnish, 
< OF. fornir, F. fournir = Vr. fornir, fonnir, 
fromir = Sp. Pg. fornir = It. fornire, furnish : 
see furnish 1 .] 1. To overlay or face, as an in- 
ferior wood, with wood of a finer or more beau- 
tiful kind, so as to give the whole the appear- 
ance of being made of the more valuable mate- 
rial; cover with veneers: as, to veneer a ward- 
robe or other article of furniture. 
The Italians call it [marquetry] pietre commesse, a sort 
of inlaying with stones, analogous to the fineering of cabi- 
nets in wood. SmoUftt, Travels, xxviii. 
The bottom and sides of the frame seem to be fineered, 
and inlaid, probably with ivory, tortoise-shell, and mother- 
of-pearl. Bruce, Source of the Nile, I. 130. 
2. To cover with a thin coating of substance 
similar to the body, in other materials than 
wood, as in ceramics. 
It [Oiron (or Henri Deux) ware] is strictly a veneered pot- 
tery. . . . The object was formed in clay, and then covered 
with a thin skin of the same material. 
Art Jour., VIIL155. 
Hence 3. To impart a more agreeable appear- 
ance to, as to something vicious, worthless, or 
forbidding; disguise with a superficial attrac- 
tion,; gild. 
A rogue in grain, 
Veneer'd with sanctimonious theory. 
Tennyson-, Princess, Prol. 
Thoughtfulness for others, generosity, modesty, and 
self-respect are the qualities which make a real gentle- 
man or lady, as distinguished from the veneered article 
which commonly goes by that name. 
Huxley, Critiques and Addresses, p. 8. 
veneer (ve-ner'), . [< veneer, v.] 1. A thin 
piece of wood of a choice kind laid upon an- 
other of a more common sort, so as to give a 
superior and more valuable appearance to the 
article so treated, as a piece of furniture, choice 
and beautiful kinds of hard woods, as mahogany or rose- 
wood, are used for veneers, the wood to which they are at- 
tached by gluing being usually deal or pine. Ivory, mother- 
of-pearl, and other ornamental substances are sometimes 
used as veneers for small articles, as cabinets or caskets. 
2. A thin coating covering the body of any- 
thing, especially for decorative purposes: used 
when the material of the outer coating is simi- 
lar to that of the body, as in ceramics or in pa- 
per-manufacturing. [Rare.] 3. Show; su- 
perficial ornament ; meretricious disguise. 
It is still often possible to hush up scandals, to play fast 
and loose with inconvenient facts, to smooth over funda- 
mental differences with a veneer of external uniformity. 
H. N. Oxenham, Short Studies, p. 143. 
The knowing world's people from Lenox said, when they 
returned from their visit, that they doubted whether the 
Shaker neatness were more than a summer veneer, and 
were quite sure that in winter the houses were no tidier 
than other houses. Harper's Mag., LXXX. 479. 
4. In entom., a veneer-moth Veneer-bending 
machine, a machine used in putting on veneers, to ap- 
ply a uniform pressure to every part of a curved or uneven 
surface. It operates by hydraulic pressure transmitted 
through caoutchouc or other flexible material. E. 11. 
Knight. Veneer-planing machine, a shaving-tool for 
smoothing veneered and similar surfaces. E. II. Knight. 
Veneer-polishing machine, a machine for rubbing 
and polishing veneered or other wooden surfaces. Ve- 
neer-straightening machine, a machine for flattening 
out veneers which have been cut in the form of a scroll 
from a circular log bolt. Such machines employ a flexible 
pressure with adjustable tension, and are designed with a 
view to avoid splitting the material. 
veneer-cutter (ve-ner'kut"er), n. A machine 
for cutting veneers from the log or block of 
wood; a veneer-cut'ting machine. Two systems 
are used in these machines : in one the log of wood is 
rotated before a long, thin knife fixed in the machine, the 
revolution shaving off a thin veneer of the entire length 
of the log, the log being gradually advanced to the knife 
until completely cut up ; in the other system the knife- 
blade moves as a slicer over the block of wood or ivory. 
Still another method is to use a fixed knife, and to draw a 
square block of wood over the edge of the knife. Both 
circular and reciprocating saws are also used to make 
wood veneers. See veneer-saw, 
veneering (ve-ner'ing), . [Verbal n. of veneer, 
v.] 1. The art or process of laying on veneers. 
2. Same as veneer, in senses 1-3. 
veneering-hammer (ve-ner'ing-ham"er), . A 
hand-tool with a thin and wide peen or face, 
used to press out the glue from under a veneer 
in securing it to an object. 
veneer-mill (ve-ner'mil), . A sawmill de- 
signed especially for cutting veneers. 
veneer-moth (ve-ner'moth), . Any one of 
several pyralid moths of the family CrambUtt: 
