Veneridae 
Veneridse (ve-ner'i-de), n. ]>l. [< J'enuH ( Fe- 
wer-) + -idee.] A family of siphonate or sinu- 
palliate bivalve mollusks, 
whose typical genus is Ve- 
il us : used with various re- 
strictions. It is now gener- 
ally restricted to forms with si- 
phons or siphonal orifices dis- 
tinct and fringed, linguifunn 
foot, the outer pair of branchia; 
short and appendiculate, an 
equivalve shell whose hinge has 
generally three cardinal teeth, 
and a slightly sinuate pnllial 
line. The species are mostly of 
moderate size, and include the 
I'emts faphia, one of the 
ytlttritm. 
fenerupis txotica. 
quahog, or hard clam of the 
United States, Venus mercena- 
ria, and numerous other species found in temperate and 
tropical seas, many of whose shells are highly ornate. See 
also cuts under Cytherea, Venerupis, dimyarian, and qua- 
hog. Also called Veneracea, Venusidse, and Conchacea. 
veneriet, An obsolete spelling of venery 1 , 
venery 2 . 
venerite (ven'e-rit), . [< L. Venus (Vener-), 
Venus, ML. copper, + -ite'^.] 1. A copper ore 
from Pennsylvania, consisting of an earthy 
ehloritic mineral impregnated with copper. 
2. Same as venulite. 
veneroust (ven'e-rus), a. [< Venus (Vener-), 
Venus, + -ous. Cf. venereous.] Same as venere- 
ous. 
Consum'd with loathed lust, 
Which thy venerom mind hath basely nurs'd ! 
Lust's Dominion, v. 3. 
A remedy for venerous passions. 
Burton, Anat. of Mel., p. S63. 
Venerupis (ven-f-ro'pis), n. [NL. (Lamarck. 
1818), later Venerupes (Swainson, 1840), < Venus 
(Vener-), 5, + L. rupes, 
a rock.] 1. A genus of 
boring bivalve mollusks 
6f the family Veneridse, 
as V. perforans or V. irits 
and V. exotica. 2. [7. c. ; 
pi. venerupes (-pez).] A 
member of this genus; 
a Venus of the rock. 
venerupite (ven-e-ro'- 
plt)", H. [< Venerupis + 
-ite' 2 .] A fossil Venus 
of the rock. 
venery 1 (ven'e-ri), H. [Early mod. E. also ven- 
erie; < ME. venerye, venorye, < OF. venerie, F. 
vtlnerie (ML. venaria, beasts of the chase, game), 
hunting, a hunting-train, a kennel, < vener, < L. 
venari, hunt, chase : see venation 1 .] 1. The act 
or exercise of hunting ; the sports of the chase ; 
hunting. 
An outrydere that loved venerye. 
Chaucer, Gen. Prol. to C. T., 1. 106. 
Well make this hunting of the witch as famous 
As any other blast of venery. 
B. Jonson, Sad Shepherd, ii. 2. 
The right of pursuing and taking all beasts of chase or 
venary . . . was . . . held to belong to the king. 
Blackxtone, Com., II. xxvii. 
2f. Beasts of the chase ; game. 
Bukkes and beris and other bestes wilde, 
Of alle fair venamie that falles to metes. 
William of Falerne (E. E. T. 8.), 1. 1685. 
3t. A kennel for hunting-dogs. 
The venery, where the beagles and hounds were kept. 
Urquhart, tr. of Rabelais, i. 65. (Dairies.) 
venery 2 (ven'e-ri), n. [Early mod. E. venerie, < 
L. Veneriu (sc. res), sexual intercourse, fern, of 
Feneriiis, of Venus,< Venus ( Vener-), Venus, sex- 
ual intercourse : see venereous, Venus.] Grati- 
fication of the sexual desire. 
Having discoursd of sensual! gluttonie, 
It followes now I speake of venerie; 
For these companions as inseperable 
Are linckt together with shines ougly cable. 
Times' Whistle (E. E. T. S.), p. 75. 
They are luxurious, incontinent, and prone to Venerie. 
Burton, Anat. of Mel., p. 201. 
venesect (ve-ne-sekf), v. [< L. vena, vein, + 
secure, cut: see vein andsect] I. trans. To 
cut or open a vein of; phlebotomize. 
II. intrant. To practise venesection : as, it 
was common to venesect for many diseases. 
Venesection (ve-ne-sek'shon), n. [< L. vena, 
vein, +sectio(n-), a cutting:' see section.'] Blood- 
letting from a vein ; phlebotomy. The operation 
may be performed on any of the superficial veins ; but 
either the median cephalic or the basilic in the bend of 
the elbow is usually selected for this purpose. (See cut 
under nMdtonl.) A band is tied around the arm just above 
the elbow, so as to cause a turgescence of the veins below, 
and then the vein selected is opened with a sharp lancet. 
When the desired amount of blood has been taken away, 
the band is removed, and further bleeding arrested by the 
application of a small compress and bandage. 
6718 
In a Quinsey he f Aretreus] used Venesection, and allow'd 
the Blood to ttow till the Patient was ready to faint away. 
Med. Diet. (1745), quoted in Harper's Mag., LXXX. 440. 
It is now well understood that spoliative venesection 
would be the sure forerunner of disaster to the patient. 
J. 3f. Carnochan, Operative Surgery, p. 88. 
Venesection bandage, a simple figure-of-eight ban- 
dage applied about the elbow after venesection at this 
point. 
Venetian (ve-ne'shan), n. and . [Early mod. 
E. also Veiiiliaii, as a noun (def. '2) venytyoiix ; 
< OF. Venitian, F. Venitien = It. Veneziano, < 
ML. * Vcnetianus, < Venetia, Venice, L. Venctiti, 
the country of the Veneti, in the territory 
later held by Venice.] I. n. Of or pertaining 
to the city, province, or former republic of 
Ve?iice, in northern Italy, on the edge of the 
Adriatic. 
The land of the old Veneti bore the Venetian name ages 
before the city of Venice was in being. 
E. A. Freeman, Venice, p. 4. 
A composition neither Byzantine nor Romanesque, un- 
exampled hitherto, only to be called Venetian. 
C. E. Norton, Church-building in Middle Ages, p. 53. 
Venetian architecture, Venetian Gothic, the style of 
medieval architecture elaborated in Venice between the 
twelfth and the early part 
of the sixteenth century. 
It combines in many re- 
spects the qualities of the 
arts of Byzantium, of the 
Italian mainland, and of 
transalpine Europe, but 
blends all these into a new 
style of high decorative 
quality and originality. 
The principal characteris- 
tics of this style are as fol- 
lows: each story is usu- 
ally graced with its own 
arcaded range of columns 
or pilasters, forming an 
open balcony or loggia, 
and separated from the 
other stories by conspicu- 
ous friezes or belts, often 
in the form of graceful 
balustrades ; the arched 
windows are ornamented 
with small shafts at the 
sides, and their spandrels 
are often fllled with rich 
carving ; ornamental para- 
pets are common ; and the 
window-heads frequently 
show plain or pierced cusps 
of bold yet delicate outline 
and curves of great refinement. The most splendid ex- 
ample of the style is the famous Ducal Palace. Like all 
Italian Pointed architecture the so-called ItalianGothic 
the merits of the style lie chiefly in external design; 
the Italians never sought to master the admirable theory 
of arched and vaulted construction securing stability by 
balance of opposed pressures, which was elaborated by 
northern medieval architects, and raises their architec- 
ture to the highest place in the history of the art. Vene- 
tian architecture is noteworthy for its lavish use of color 
derived from inlaid marbles, porphyries, and other stones 
of rich hue, as well as of gilding and brilliant mosaic and 
painted decoration. It bears witness in many subtile de- 
tails to the close intercourse of the Venetians with the Ori- 
ent. Venetian ball. See bam. Venetian bar, needle- 
work in imitation of heavy lace by buttonhole-stitches 
around a thread, producing a series of bars or bands across 
an open space. Diet . of Needlework. Venetian blind, 
a blind made of slats of wood so connected as to overlap 
one another when closed, and to show a series of open 
spaces for the admission of light and air when opened. 
The term is applied especially to a hanging blind of 
which the slats are held together by strips of webbing or 
other flexible material. The pulling of a cord lifts the 
whole blind, the slats coming in contact with one an- 
other as they rise until all are packed closely together 
above the window. The pulling of another cord when 
the blind is down turns the slats to open or close them. 
In the British islands outside slatted shutters are also 
so called. Venetian carpet. See carpet. Venetian 
chalk. Same as French chalk (which see, under chalk). 
Venetian embroidery, embroidery upon linen and simi- 
lar materials, done by cutting away a great deal of the 
background so as to produce an open design like coarse 
lace, the edges of the stuff forming the pattern being 
stitched, and bars or brides sometimes used to steady 
and support the smaller leaves, etc. Venetian enamel, 
an enamel used for clock- and watch-dials. Venetian 
glass. See glass (with cut). Venetian lace. See rose- 
point, under points. Venetian long-stitch embroi- 
dery, a simple kind of worsted- work dune upon open can- 
vas. Diet, of Needlework. Venetian mosaic, Seemo- 
aici, 1. Venetian pearl, the trade-name for solid arti- 
ficial pearls. See imitation pearl, under pearl. Venetian 
red. See redi. Venetian sallet, a form of sallet in 
which the neck and cheeks are protected by a long broad 
side-piece forged in one with the skull-piece, similar to the 
Greek helm with cheek-pieces and without crest. Vene- 
tian school, in painting, the school of Italian painting 
which arose to prominence in Venice in the fifteenth cen- 
tury, with the Bellinis and Carpaccio, and was preeminent 
through a great part of the sixteenth century, when its 
chief masters were Titian, Paul Veronese, Giorgione, Tin- 
toretto, Palma Vecchio, and Lorenzo Lotto. It was above 
all a school of colorists ; in the magnificence of its use of 
pigments and in technical perfection it has never been sur- 
passed ; and in every artistic quality its chief masters will 
always rank with the first painters of the world. Vene- 
tian sumac. See sumac. Venetian swell in organ- 
building, a swell, or set of blinds, made after the pattern 
of Venetian blinds. See swell. Venetian turpentine. 
Venetian Architecture. 
An angle of the Ducal Palace. 
vengeance 
See turpentine and larch. Venetian window. See win- 
dow. 
II. n. 1. A native of Venice. 2f. [1. c.] pi. 
A particular fashion of hose or breeches reach- 
ing below the knee, originally brought from 
Venice : same as galligaskins, 1. 
Item for a ell half of brod taffaty to make him a dublet 
and venytyons. 12 Sh. Wardship o/ Rich. Fermor (1586). 
3. A Venetian blind. [Colloq.] 
There is not a single pane of glass in the town, badly 
closing Venetians being the only means of shutting up the 
windows. E. Sartorius, In the Soudan, p. 102. 
4. jil. A heavy kind of tape or braid made for 
Venetian blinds, to hold the slats in place. 5. 
Same as domino, 2. 
I then put oft" my sword, and put on my Venetian or dom- 
ino, and entered the bal masque. The Century, \ I.I I 283. 
Venetianed (ve-ne'sliand), n. [< Venetian + 
' Furnished with Venetian blinds: as, a 
window. 
The bookcase stood immediately in front of a double 
venetianed door. 
R. Hodgson, Proc. Soc. Psych. Research, III. 256. 
veneur (ve-ner'), . [< OF. veneor, F. vcneur 
(= Pr. venaire), < L. venator, a hunter, < rcmtri, 
hunt: see venation*.] A person charged with 
the care of the chase, especially with the hounds 
used in the chase. There were mounted ve- 
neurs, and those of inferior class on foot. 
Grand veneur, an officer of the French court charged 
with the arrangements for the king's hunting : in later 
times, a great dignity of the royal household. 
venewt, veneyt, Same as venue 1 . 
Venezuelan (ven-e-zwe'lan). a. and n. [< Ven- 
ezuela (see def.) + -an.]" I. a. Of or pertain- 
ing to Venezuela, a republic of South America, 
on the northern coast. 
Guzman Blanco could not procure an audience with 
Lord Salisbury to protest against .British seizures of Ven- 
ezuelan territory at the north of the Orinoco. 
Amer. Economist, III. 169. 
Venezuelan ipecacuanha, a climbing plant of Vene- 
zuela, Philibertia (Sarcostemma) glauca. 
II. n. An inhabitant of Venezuela, 
venget (venj), v. t. [< ME. vengen, < OF. (and 
F.) venger = Sp. venyar, < L. vindicare, avenge, 
vindicate: see vindicate. Cf. avenge, revenge, 
vengeance.] 1. To avenge; take vengeance in 
behalf of (a person). 
Right as they han venffed hem on me, right so shal I 
venge me upon hem. Chaucer, Tale of Melibeus. 
I am coming on 
To venge me as I may. Shak. , Hen. V., i. 2. 292. 
2. To revenge ; take vengeance because of (an 
offense). 
Would none but I might venge my cousin's death ! 
Shak., R. and J.. iii. 5. 87. 
vengeable,- (ven'ja-bl), a. [Early mod. E. also 
vengible; < OF. * vengeable (= Sp. vengdble); as 
venge + -able.] 1. Capable of being or deserv- 
ing to be revenged. 
I sought 
Upon myselfe that vengeable despight 
To punish. Spenser, F. Q., II. iv. 30. 
2. Characterized by revengefulness; entertain- 
ing or displaying a desire for revenge ; venge- 
ful. 
In mallyce be not vengeable, 
As S. Mathewe doth speake. 
Babees Book (E. E. T. S.), p. 92. 
Alexander . . . dyd put to venaeable deth hisderefrende 
Clitus. Sir T. Elyot, The Governour, il. 6. 
3. Terrible; dreadful; awful; extraordinary: 
a hyperbolical use. 
Paulus . . . was a vendible fellow in linking matters to- 
gether. Holland, tr. of Camden, p. 78. (Daviei.) 
vengeablyt (ven'ja-bli), adv. Revengefully; 
in revenge. 
Charitably, lovingly, not of malice, not vengeably, not 
covetously. Latimer, 4th Sermon bef. Edw. VI., 1594. 
vengeance (ven'jans), n. [< ME. vengeance, 
rengeaunce, venjaunce, vein/cans, vengance, ven- 
gaunce, < OF. vengeance, renjance, F. vengeance 
(= Sp. venganza = It. i<etigian~a), < venger, 
avenge: see venge.] 1. Punishment inflicted 
in return for an injury or an offense. Vengeance 
generally implies indignation on the part of the punisher, 
and more or less justice in the nature of the punishment ; 
it may also be inflicted for wrong done to others, as well 
as to the punisher, in which respects it is usually distin- 
guished from revenge. 
Veniaitnce, veniaunce forgiue be it neuere. 
Vim Plowman (B), xvii. 288. 
Vengeance is mine ; I will repay, saith the Lord. 
Rom. \ ii. 19. 
2f. Harm, mischief, or evil generally: for- 
merly often used as an imprecation, especially 
in the phrase wltat a (lite) vengeance! 
Whiles the eye of man did woo me, 
That could do no vengeance to me. 
Shak., As you Like it, iv. 3. 48. 
