vesiculate 
(vc-sik'fl- 11 '').". [< NL.'lVM, /,//>. 
< I,. I'rxini/ii. a little bladderor blister: sec IT.VI- 
</,.] llavintca vesicle in- vesicles: formed into 
en- forming ve-iciilar tis-ue; vesicular. 
6739 
( ve-slk'n-hit >,/'. /.: pn-t. ami |>].. i; - 
|i|>r. i'i-xii' 
become vesicular. 
i |>].. 
. [< n-aii-nlilli . 11 . \ To 
< ri-xi<-ii- 
VCSiculation (ve-sik-u-la'shon), H. [< vt 
lull + -ion.] Tlie formation of vesicles; vesi- 
cation; a number of vesicles or blebs, as of 
the skin in some diseases; also, a vesicular 01- 
bladdery condition ; inflation. 
vesicule (ves'i-kul). . [< !'. i-i : .ii<-ulc : see rest- 
i-li'. ] Sa me as rrx/V/e-. 
vesiculi, ". I'lural "I 
Vesiculiferi (ve-sik-u-lif'e-ri), n. ///. [NL., pi. 
i>( "nxii-iilifir: sec r> i<-iil<iii< and -l'i-i'.] Same 
as PkjtKMnycetes. 
vesiculiferous ( ve-sik-u-lif e-rus), a. [< L. ve- 
xiriiln, a vesicle, '+ ferre ="E. bear 1 .] Produ- 
cing or bearing vesicles; vesiculate; physopho- 
rous. 
vesiculiform (ve-sik'u-li-fdrm), a. [< L. vesi- 
i-nln, a vesicle, -f- forma, form.] Like a vesicle ; 
vesicular; bladdery. 
vesiculobronchial (ve-sik'u-lo-brong'ki-al), 11. 
Combining vesicular and bronchial qualities: 
applied to a respiratory sound. Vesiculobron- 
chial respiratory murmur. See respiratory. 
vesiculpcavernous (vc-sik"u-16-kav'er-nus), a. 
Partaking of both vesicular and cavernous 
qualities: applied to a respirator}' sound. 
Vesiculocavernous respiration. See respiration. 
Vesiculosa, Vesiculosae (ve-sik-u-16'sa, -se), 
a. i>l. [NL. (Latreille), neut. or fern. pi. of L. 
nxii'iiliixitx. full of bladders or blisters: see 
vesiculous.] In entom.,& family of dipterous in- 
sects, the vesicular flies, having a bladdery ab- 
domen ; the Cyrtitlir or Aeroceridx. 
vesiculose (ve-sik'u-los), a. [< L. veiticulosus, 
full of bladders: see vesiculous.] Pull of vesi- 
cles; vesiculate; vesicular. 
vesiculotubular (ve-sik'u-lo-tu'bu-lar), a. 
Combining vesicular and tubular qualities: ap- 
plied to a respiratory sound Vesiculotubular 
respiration, a respiratory sound In which the normal 
vesicular murmur is heard, but with an added tubular 
or blowing quality. 
vesiculotympanitic ( ve-sik'u-lo-tim-pa-nit '- 
ik), a. Partaking of both vesicular and tym- 
panitie qualities: applied to a percussion note. 
- Vesiculotympanitic resonance. See resonance. 
vesiculous (ve-sik'u-lus), . [= P. vesicuteux, 
< L. vesiculosux, fufl of bladders or blisters, < 
vesicula, a little bladder or blister: see vesicle.] 
Same as vesiculose. 
vesiculus (ve-sik'u-lus), n. ; pi. vesiculi (-\i). 
Same as vesicle. Encyc. Brit., ~X.ll. 551. [Rare.] 
Vespa (ves'pii), n. [NL. (Linnwus, 1758), < L. 
vr-ttpa, a wasp, = E. wasp, q. v.] A Linnean 
genus of aculeate hymenopterous insects, for- 
merly of great extent, now restricted to cer- 
tain social wasps and hornets of the modern 
family Vespidx, as the common wasp, V. vulya- 
m, and the common hornet, V. crabro. See cuts 
under hornet and wasp. It at flrst corresponded 
to Latreille's family Diptoptera, but Is now restricted to 
forms having the abdomen sessile, broad and truncate 
at the base, metathorax very short and truncate, and the 
basal nervure of the fore wings joining the subcostal 
at some distance before the stigma. They are short-bod- 
ied wasps with folded wings, and are commonly known 
in the United States as yellmc-jackets or hornets. Their 
nests consist of a series of combs arranged one below an 
other, and enveloped in a papery covering. In tropical 
regions these negts reach an immense size, those of a Cey- 
lonese species often measuring 6 feet in length. Twenty 
species occur in the United States and 14 in Europe. V. 
maculata of North America is the so-called ichitt-fafed 
hornet, and Is isotypical with the European V. crabro. 
The latter has been Introduced into the United States, and 
occurs in New York and New England. 
vesper (ves'per), H. [< ME. vesper, the even- 
ing star, < OF. vespre, evening, the evening 
star, vespres, even-song, vespers, F. vepre , even- 
ing, vfpres, vespers, = Sp. vetipero, the evening 
star, = Pg. vespero, the evening star, = It. ves- 
pero, evening, the evening star, vespers, respro, 
vespers, < L. vesper, evening, even, eventide, 
the evening star, poet, the west, the inhabitants 
of the west, also, and more frequently, fern. 
vespera, the evening, eventide, = Gr. i-cnrepof, 
evening, the evening star, Hesper, of the even- 
ing, iairtpa, evening, = OBulg. vecherii = Serv. 
Bohem. rectier = Pol. iciecsor = Russ. t'irl rii. 
evening, = Lith. rakanix = Lett, vakars, even- 
ing; akin to Skt. vasati, night, and to E. .>/. 
Cf. Hesper.] 1. The evening star, a name given 
to the planet Venus when she is east of the sun 
and appeal's after sunset; hence, the evening. 
Black vesper's pageants. Shak., A. and C., iv. 14. 8. 
2. pi. [< LL. ri'sjii ni. ML. I-IH/II,-;I,< rot/Mm. 
evening.] Ill the lioman Catholic anil flreek 
churches, and in religious houses and as a 
devotional office ill the Anglican Chun-li. the 
sixth or next to the last o I' the canon ica! 1 
The ulHHTvaiire of tills limn I- m. -111111111 '.I in tin- lliii.l eeii 
tury by St. Cyprian. The chief feature* .>f the Western ves- 
pers, besides the psalms ami varying hymn, are the Mag- 
nificat and the collect for the day. The chief features of 
the Greek vespers (o,pi.-o<) are the pHalins, the ancient 
hymn "Joyful Light," tlm prnkelnifiiipii, and the Sum- 
ni'uittis. The nlil Kiiglinh name for vespers Is teen-song. 
Hi' Anglican |>ul>li> . - i,in- prayer, also called men-Sony, 
is mainly a cnmhimition :in<l condensation of the .Hanim 
vespers ami complin, the part of the nflice from the flrst 
Lord's Prayer to the Magnificat Inclusive representing 
vespers. [Occasionally used In the singular.) 
They [the priests) concluded that dayes ceremonies with 
their Vespers. Coryat, Crudities, I. 40. 
The far hell of reaper, . . . 
Seeming to weep the dying day's decay. 
Byron, Don Juan, 111. 106. 
Sicilian Vespers. See SieiUan. Vesper mouse. See 
vesper.inause. 
vesperal (ves'per-al), a. and n. [< LL. vespera- 
lis, of the evening, < L. vesper, vespera, evening: 
see vesper.'] I. a. Relating to tne evening or 
to vespers. [Rare.] 
II. . That part of the antiphonarium which 
con tains the chants for vespers. Lee's Glossary. 
vesper-bell (ves'per-bel), n. The bell that 
summons to vespers. 
Hark the little wiper-bell, 
Which biddeth me to prayer! 
Coleridge, Ancient Mariner, vll. 
vesper-bird (ves'per-berd), n. The common 
bay-winged bunting of the United States, Poa- 
cetes (/ramineus: so called from its song, often 
heard as the shades of night fall. See Poacetes, 
and cut under yrassfinclt. J. Burroughs, 
Vesperimus (ves-per'i-mus), . [NL. (Coues, 
1874), < L. tesper, the evening, hence the west, 
+ mus, mouse.] The leading genus of Ameri- 
can vesper-mice, having as type the common 
white-footed deer-mouse of North America, 
vessel 
vespertilionine ives-|iei--tiri-o-nin), </. and . 
(< I ) 4- -////i.] 1. a. Besembling 
a bat of the restricted ^'enns I IS/H rli/io; ol or 
pertaining to the siilifamily I -'/ / II/IOHIIIH . 
Vei>ertillonlne alliance, "TIC '< i., *, -M,-, ,,r , 
< liimptcran bats, having the tail inclosed in the inter- 
femoral membrane and a dlastema l.'tur, , L the mi<l<l]> 
upper Inclsfirs, containing the families /;/..'.< 
Jfycterida, and resperlitianidr. The tribe Is contrasted 
with the emoalliinurine alliaiux. 
H. M. A bat of the subfamily I <>V" rtilioii<n;i 
or of the vesper! ilionine alliance. 
vespertinal (ves'per tin-al), . [< PMBI 
+ -n/.] Same as rnt/iirtiin . l.mrrll. Fireside 
Travels, p. 7:i. 
vespertine (ves']ier-tin),. [= 8p. Pg. Ii 
jiiriiii'i. '. ],. nx/iti'tinu*, of or belonging to tin 
evening. < n-n/m: evening: see reaper.] 1. of 
or pertaining to the evening; happening or lie- 
ing in the evening. Hir T. Ih rlnrl. 2. In >m/.. 
opening in the evening, as a flower. 3. [<"!' ] 
In peal., noting one of Prof. H. D. Rogers's <li- 
visionsof the Paleozoic series in Pennsylvania. 
It corresponds to No. X. of the numbered series of the Penn- 
sylvania Survey, and Includes the Focono sandstnne and 
Conglomerate, forming the base of the Carlioniferous, and 
lying immediately beneath the Mauch chunk Red shale 
(the " Umbral " of Rogers's nomenclature). See l'<>r,.i,., 
sandstone, under sandstone. 
4. In zo<il., crepuscular; flying or otherwise 
specially active in the twilight of evening, an 
an insert, a bat, or a bird : as, the vespertine or 
evening grosbeak, ffesperi/ihona respertina. 
6. In astro>i., descending from the meridian to 
the horizon at the time of sunset. 
Vesperugo (ves-pe-r8'go), w. [NL. (Keyser- 
ling and Itlasins)'.' < L. rcxjterugo, a bat, < ves- 
per, evening: see ves]tcr, and cf. respertUio.] 
The most extensive genus of bats of the fam- 
ily Vespertilionidie and subfamily f'expertilio- 
ninee, typified by the European V. serotinu*. 
They have the Incisors J or ), the premoUrs |, f , or ), and 
a well-developed post-calcaneal lobule of the inter f em. mil 
membrane. They lire divided into several subgenera, as 
Vesperus, Sctttoztjus, Ithogefssa, and l.a*ionycteris. The ge- 
nus is remarkable for Its wide distribution In both hemi- 
spheres, extending from near the arctic circle to the Strait 
of Magellan. 
usually called He/tjieronii/s leucopug. The name 
was originally proposed as a subgenus, but Hesperomns 
has lately (Ism) been shown to be untenable In any sense, 
and by the rules of nomenclature the species above men- Vespiary (ves pl-a-n), ft. ; pi. vespiaries (-m). 
tlonea must be called V. amerieama (after Kerr, 1792). [Prop, "respary (the form vespiary being irreg. 
See cut under deer-mouse. 
vesper-mouse (ves'per-mous), M.; pi. resper- 
mice (-mis). A mouse of the genus Hesperoniyx 
or Vesperimus, or a related form; in the plural, 
native American mice and mnrine rodents col- 
lectively; the Siymodontes, as distinguished 
from the ^furcs, indigenous to the Old World. 
See the technical words. S. f\ Baird, 1857. 
vesper-sparrow (ves'per-spar'6), w. The ves- 
per-bird. Coues. 
Vespertilio (ves-per-til'i-6), w. [NL., < L. ves- 
pertilio(n-),ai bat, so called from its flying about 
in the evening, prob. for *vespcrtinio(n-), < ves- 
pertinus, of the evening: see vespertine.] A 
Linnean genus of mammals, the fourth and 
last genus of the Linnean order Primates, con- 
taining 6 species, and coextensive with the mod- 
ern order Chiroptera. Most of the longer-known bats 
have been placed in Vespertilio. By successive elimina- 
tions, the genus has been restricted to about 40 small spe- 
cies, of both hemispheres, as the pipistrelle of Europe, V. 
pipixtrellHS, and the little brown batof the United states, 
V. subulatus, and is regarded as the type of a family Ves- 
pertilionidtp. The genus now includes only the smallest 
and most delicately formed bats, like those just named, 
having ample wings, the tall Inclosed in the intrfemoral 
membrane, no leafy appendage to the nose, no special de- 
velopment of the ears, six grinding teeth in each half of 
each jaw, and four upper and six lower Incisors. See imi- 
and Vettpertilionidff. 
Vespertilionid.se (ves-per-til-i-on'i-de), n. pi. 
[NL.,< Vespertilio(n-) + -id.~\ Afamily of chi- 
ropterous mammals, of which the genus Ves- 
pertilio is the type, belonging to the naked- 
nosed section (Gymnorhina) of insectivorous 
or microchiropterous bats. It Is distinguished, like 
other Qirmnarhina, from the Histiophora, or leaf-nosed 
section, by the absence of any nasal appendage, and from 
the true blood-sucking bats by the character of the den- 
tition and digestive organs, and from other Gymnorhina 
by having the tail inclosed in an ample Interfemontl mem- 
brane, and special characters of the teeth and skull. The 
nearest relationships are with the molossold bats (Xolos- 
ridee and NoetHimiidir). The family contains numerous 
genera, as Vfspertilin, Synotus, Plecotus, Atalapha, An- 
trozoas, NycKctju*, /^asiuru*, etc., and about 150 species 
(or more than one third of the whole order Chiroptera) of 
small bats of most parts of the world. Some of these are 
also very rich in individuals, and among the best-known 
representatives of the whole order. The family Is pri- 
marily divided into two subfamilies, VrspertUioninx and 
See cut under 
. 
VespertilioninJB (ves-per-til'i-6-m'ne), w. pi. 
[NL., < l'i'x/>ii-lilu>(ii-) + -ia.] The leading 
subfamily of Ti'xiii rtilionidee, containing about 
nine tenths of the family, and represented by 
l'rx]n>rtilio and about 6 other genera. 
conformed to apiary), < L. respa, a wasp: see 
wasp.] A hornets' nest; the habitation of 
social wasps ; also, the colony or aggregate of 
wasps in such a nest. See Vespa, and cut un- 
der wasp, and compare apiary tmt\ formirary. 
Vespidae (ves'pi-de), n. pi. [NL. (Stephens, 
1829), < respa + -idle.] A family of diplopter- 
ous aculeate hymenopterous insects, typified 
by the genus Vespa; the social wasps and hor- 
nets. They are characterized by their two-spurred mid- 
dle tibue and simple tarsal claws. Every species exists 
in the three forms of male, female or queen, and worker. 
The males and workers die In the fall, and the impreg- 
nated queen alone hibernates. She forms a new colony in 
the spring, giving birth at flrst only to workers, anil later 
to males and females. The nests are made of paper, and 
the young are fed by the workers with nectar anu animal 
and vegetable juices. The principal genera besides Vespa 
are Poliftrt and I'olybia. See Vetpa, and cuts under warp, 
hornet, and Polistes. 
vespiform (ves'pi-f6rm), . [< L. vespa, wasp, 
+ forma, form.] Wasp-like ; resembling a wasp 
or hornet to some extent or in some respects: 
noting certain moths. See hornet-niotlt. 
vespillot ( ves-pil'o), M. [L., also tespvlla, also, 
according to Festus, vesj>a, one of the bearers 
who carried out the bodies of dead poor at 
night, < vesper, evening: see vesper.] Among 
the Romans, one who carried out the dead in 
the evening for burial. .Sir T. Browne, Religio 
Medici, i. $ 38. 
vespine(ves'pin), a. [< L. respa, wasp, + -iwe*.] 
Pertaining to wasps; wasp-like. Pop. Kri. Mo., 
IV. 176. 
vessel (ves'el), n. [Early mod. E. also rennell ; 
< ME. vessel, vesselte, fessel, < OF. vessel, veissel, 
missel, F. vaisseau = Sp. casitto = Pg. raxilha = 
It. vascello, a vessel, < L. vascelltim (in an in- 
scription), a small vase or urn, dim. of vas, a 
vase, urn : see vase. In def . 6 the word is orig. 
collective, ME. vessel, vessel!, < OF. 'vexstlle, 
rnifaiilr, F. raixsrllr. vessels or plate collec- 
tively; < rexxi I. niixxfl, a vessel: see above.J 1. 
A utensil for holding liquors and other things, 
as a cask, a barrel, a bottle, a kettle, a pot, a 
cup, or a dish. 
The Arm and the Hond (that be pntte in oure Lordes 
syde. whan he sppered to him. aftre his Resnrrexionn 
. . .) is xit lyggynue in a VesseUe with onten the Tom be. 
Mandemtte, Travels, p. 172. 
Thou shalt dash them in pieces like a potter's renel. 
Ps.U. . 
The empty vessel makes the greatest sound. 
Shak., Hen. V., iv. 4. "S. 
