vitrescence 
Vitrescence (vi-tres'cu-o. /i. [< ritri'wn(t) + 
-IT. I Tin- state ill' lieciiining glassy, or of grow- 
ing to resemlile. glass. 
Vitrescent (vi-tres'ent), a. [< L. dlmm. glass, 
+ -twoi) 1 .] Turuing iuto glass; feuding to be- 
come glass. 
vitrescible (vi-ti-cs'i-bl), n. [= F. ritrt-m-iiiii , 
as ritrrsc(fni) + -iblr.] Capable of becoming 
glassy, or of beim; tiirnci! into class. 
vitreum (vit're-um), .: 1>1. I'ili'i'ii (-a). [NL., 
nrut. nl' I,, fili'ins, glnsy: see n'/ivwi.v. | The 
corpus vitreum, vitreous bodv, or vitreous hu- 
uior of the eye. See cut untfer <//' '. 
vitric (vit'rik), a. [< L. ritrum, glass, + -/<-.) 
( )f the nature of, or pertaining to, glass or any 
vitreous material. 
vitrics (vit'riks), M. [PI. of vitric: see -ics.] 
1. Ulass anil glassy materials in general. 2. 
The study or history of glass and glass-inauu- 
facturt". Compare ceramics. 
vitrifaction (vit-ri-fak'shon), H. [< L. rilniiii, 
glass, 4- fuerre, pp. factiis, make, do: see fac- 
tion.] 1. The art or operation of turning into 
glass. 2. The act or process of becoming glass. 
vitrifacture (vit-ri-fak'tur), H. [< L. vitruni. 
glass, + Jactitm, a making: seo facture.] The 
manufacture of glass. 
vitrifiability (vit-ri-fi-a-bil'i-ti), . [< ritrifia- 
Mi' + -it// (see -bility).]' The property of being 
verifiable. 
Verifiable (vit'ri-fi-a-bl), a. [<F.vitrifiable; 
as vitrify + -able.] Capable of being vitrified 
or converted into glass by heat and fusion: as, 
flint and alkalis are verifiable. vitrlflable col- 
ors. See color. 
vitriflcable (vit-rif'i-ka-bl), a. [< vitrific(ate) 
+ -able.] Same as viirifiabte. [Kare.] 
vitrificate (vit'ri-fi-kat), v. t.; met. and pp.ri'C- 
rijicated, ppr. vitrificatixg. [< \L. "ritrijicatus, 
pp. of "ritrificarc, vitrify : see vitrify.'} To 
vitrify. [Rare.] 
Vitrification (vit'ri-fi-ka'shon), . [< F. n'ft-i- 
ficatioit = Sp. vitrification = Pg. vitrificacfto = 
It. ritrificazioite ; as vitrificate + -ion.] Con- 
version into glass, or in general into a material 
having a glassy or vitreous structure. 8ome min- 
erals and most rocks, when fused, are converted Into a 
more or leas perfect glass, or become vttrlfled. This Is 
the case when the melted material cooU rapidly ; but if 
cooled slowly more or less complete devitrification takes 
place, and a llthoid structure is the result. See deeitrifi- 
cation. 
vitrified ( vit'ri-fid),j>. a. Converted into glass ; 
hence, by extension, partially converted into 
glass, as having the exterior converted into a 
glaze, or having the substance hard and glassy 
from exposure to heat: as, vitrified tiles. Vitri- 
fied fort or wall, one of a type of early native defensive 
structures found in Scotland, France, etc. , In which heavy 
walls of silicious stone have been exposed to fire, with 
the result that they have become to some extent vitrified. 
There hag been much discussion as to whether this is an 
accidental result of the burning of wooden superstruc- 
tures or of later structures built against the walls, or 
whether it is an effect sought purposely by the builders 
with the view of making the walls more solid. See ritri- 
Jlcalion. 
vitriform (vit'ri-fdrm), a. [< L. ritrum, glass, 
+ forma, form.] Having the form or appear- 
ance of glass ; vitreous in appearance. 
vitrify (vit'ri-fi), r. ; pret. and pp. vitrified, ppr. 
ritrij'i/iii</. [< F. vitrifier = Sp. Pg. vitrificar = 
lt.vitrificare,<. NL.*t>i<n/tea)'<?,< L. vitruni, glass, 
+ -^ca/-c,</aoere,make,do(see-/y).] I. trans. 
To convert into glass by the action of heat. See 
glass. 
II. in trans. To become glass; be converted 
into glass. 
Chymists make vessels of animal substances calcln'd, 
which will not vitrify in the fire. 
.\ri,,iil,n"t, Aliments, iv. 1. 
Vitrina (vi-tri'na), n. [NL. (Drapiez, 1801), 
< L. ritrum, glass: see vitreous.] 1. The typi- 
cal genus of f'itrinidee, having a very thin, deli- 
cate, and transparent shell; glass-snails, as / . 
/idliicida, r. limpida, etc. 2. [I. c.] A glass- 
snail of this genus. 
vitrine (vit'riu), . [< F. ritrine,<.vitre, window- 
glass, < L. ritrum, glass.] A show-case ; a case 
or inclosure of glass for the display of delicate 
articles, whether in a museum, a private house, 
or a shop. 
Many caskets and vases are in upright titrinfn standing 
on the floor, while numerous larger works are in wall 
.:tsi s. Atheiutittn, No. 3207, p. 4hO. 
Vitrinidae (vi-trin'i-de). 11. pi. [NL., < Vitrina 
+ -idle.] A family of monotrematous geophi- 
lous pulmoniferous gastropods, typified by the 
genus ntriini ; the glass-snails. They have the 
shell heliciform, very thin, too small to contain the ani- 
mal, and of a few rapidly enlarging whorls; the Jaw rib- 
6775 
lf mill SNICK, III or -tint. . Tin I. . Ill .Ml. u iili:itt,| into It 
Int. hull th< U-pi.l our. l:tt.-|,tl ..u. - l'i.'ll"|M<l <'l til. ll-J.iil 
and marginal ones aculeau-, uni.-ii-j.i.!. . Uicuspid. The 
(.JM'.-il'- ;u . 1:11:11, I . ill-. \l-li 1 ill I :KK;I , ;t^ I Ml I >1.| lull} lf 
l.r MI <>f //,/.. 
vitrinoid (vit'i-i-noiil). a. [< I'itrina + -nid.\ 
Like a L'l.-is.--Miiiil: ri'seinlilingthe I i/rmiilie. or 
related to tin in. 
Helical i.. n In- i rilrini'iil shell. 
/'. P. Carpenter, Lect on Mollusra (1861X p. 70. 
Vitriol (vit'ri-ol). n. [Formerly also ritrinii ; 
< MK. vitriol, "nlrinlf, < OF. (aii.l K.) nlnot = 
Sp. Pg. It. ritriolo = I). rifrit = (!. Sw. I>an. 
ritrinl, < Ml,, riti-iiili'ni. vitriol, neut. of ritri- 
< lias, var. of LL. ritrrnlitx, of glass, glass, dim. 
of L. vitreun, of glass: see ritreinut.] Sulphuric 
acid, or one of many of its compound*, which in 
certain states have a glassy appearance. 
Cered pokets, sal peter, MrlaU. 
Ckaueer, Prol. to Canon's Yeoman's Tale, L 256. 
Blue vitriol, copper vitriol, hydrous copper sulphate. 
hfii found In nature, It Is called ekalcanthite or cyano- 
tite. Elixir of vitriol. si-ur/u-.V.-Orwn vitriol. Same 
u copprrai; In mineral., the specie! nielanU'rlte. Lead 
vitriol. s me u angietUt. - Nickel vitriol, hydrated 
nickel sulphate ; In mineral., the specie* morenoslte. 
Oil Of vitriol, concentrated sulphuric acid. Red Iron 
vitriol, In mineral., same u (Krfryogrcn. Bed Vitriol, 
(a) A sulphate of cobalt : III mineral., the species lilelwr- 
it.'. Also called couall-mtriol. (It) Ferric sulphate: same as 
colcotltar. Also called vitriol of Mart. Roman vitriol, 
copper sulphate, or blue vitriol Salt Of vitriol, zinc sul- 
phate. white or zinc Vitriol, hydrated tine sulphate; 
in mineral., the species goslarltc. 
vitriolate (vit'ri-o-lat), r. t.; pret. and pp. rit- 
riolated, ppr. vitriolatiiig. [< vitriol + -ate%.] 
To convert into a vitriol, as iron pyrites by the 
absorption of oxygen, which reduces the iron 
to an oxid, and the sulphur to sulphuric acid. 
Thus, the sulphld of Iron when vitriolateu become! sul- 
phate of Iron, or green vitriol. Also vitrioltie, 
vitriolate (vit'ri-o-lat), a. [< vitriolatc,v.] Con- 
verted into a vitriol or a sulphate. 
vitriolation (vit'ri-o-la'shon), w. [< vitriolate 
+ -ion.] The act or process of converting into 
a vitriol or a sulphate. Also vttrioH:ation. 
vitriolic (vit-ri-ol'ik), a. [= F. vitrioligue = 
Sp. vitriolico = Pg. It. vitriolico; as vitriol + 
-ic.] 1. Of or pertaining to vitriol ; having the 
properties of vitriol, or obtained from vitriol. 
We were fain to have recourse to the rum, a horrid, n'<- 
riolic beverage, which burned our throats and stomachs 
like melted lead. B. Taylor, Northern Travel, p. 106. 
2. Biting ; caustic ; very severe or censorious. 
Sensitive to his vitriolic criticism. 
O. W. Hairnet, Account of the Composition of "The Last 
[Leaf." 
Vitriolic acid * . an obsolete name for oil of vitriol, or sul- 
phuric acid. Vitriolic ether, sulphuric ether, 
vitrioline (vit'ri-o-lin), a. [< vitriol + -ine'.] 
Of, pertaining to', or resembling vitriol ; vit- 
riolic. 
A spring of a vilriolinc taste and odour. 
h'lillff. Worthies, Yorkshire, III. 390. 
The Air and Weather dissolving the Stones, the lUIn 
falling upon them carries away with it the Vitrioline } nice 
or .Salt dissolved. Ray, Eng. Words (ed. ir.nl ), p. 198. 
vitriolizable (vit'ri-ol-i-za-bl), . [< vitrioli:e 
+ -able.] Capable o( being converted into a 
vitriol, 
vitriolization (vit'ri-ol-i-za'shon), 11. [= F. 
vitriolisation = Sp. vitriolizacioii ; as ritrioli:e 
+ -<i<ioH.] Same as vitriolation. 
vitriolize (vit'ri-ol-iz), v. t. ; pret. and pp. r<- 
riolizcd, ppr. vitriolizing. [= Sp. vitriotizar; as 
vitriol + -ire.] 1. Same as vitriolate. 2. To 
poison or injure with vitriol. 
The Jury did not believe that the child from the same 
motive vitriolized himself. 
Daily Xeic (London), March 15, 1886. (Eticye. Diet.) 
vitlioloust (vit'ri-ol-us), a. [< vitriol + -oug.] 
Containing vitriol ; vitriolic. 
vitro-di-trina (vit'ro-di-tre'n8), n. [It. : vitro, 
glass; rf, of; trina, lace, galloon.] Lacework 
glass, especially that In which the white threads 
are crossed at an angle forming lozenge-shaped 
compartments, every one of which, in some 
specimens, contains a small air-bubble. Com- 
pare reticulated tjlass, under gloss. 
Vitrophyre (vit'ro-flr), . [< L. vitruni, glass, 
+ (por)i>liyr(itcs)', porphyry.] The name given 
by Vogelsang to a subdivision of the porphyritic 
rocks in which the ground-mass consists ex- 
clusively of a glassy magma. See gTMMpkyrw. 
vitrophyric (vit-ro-fir'ik), a. [< vitropltyre + 
-ic.] Consisting of, or having the characters of, 
vitrophyre. 
Among the pyroxenlc rocks the most noticeable varie- 
ties are the labiadorite-andesites, the pyroxene andesltes 
of which both "trachytoid" and " vitrophyric " forms 
occur. Philot. Hon., XXIX. 28S. 
vituperation 
Vitruvian i vi tni'vi :,n i. n. \'\.. 1,1,,,,,,, 
ili'f.) + -nn.\ Of or pi-rtiiining to Man-n 
Iruvius I'ollio. a Koiuuii Hivhitt-ct of the ! 
part of the first n-ntiiry n. r., tin- anlli. 
an important treatise on architecture, which. 
although its stateiiients can lie accepted <ml\ 
after careful criticism, preserves much t 
valnalile re^ai-iliii); tlreek and Roman art. 
Vitruvian scroll. an nehtUetanlonaMil n:im. 
Vltruvlut, iniiislitliiK of * srrlei of convoluted scroll ui 
Vine c/ ihe fruits of u > 
spotted cowbanc. la) celery. 
nl (3) tx.nkT. ThcbUek 
mStnSSS >h viiw m 
"' 1 * icc """* ol 
Vltni>ln Scroll.- From ftlfito fmaro. Voice. 
fanciful and varied effect. It frRjoently occurs In Mem 
of the Composite order. 
vitry (vit'ri), H. A fine kind of canvas, for 
making paulins and powder-cloths, r'urnnr. 
Mil. Kneyc.-, I. 361. 
vitta (vit'ii), .; pi. vitte(-e). [NL., < L. vitta, 
a band, a fillet, < viere, bend or twist together, 
plait.] 1. A headband, fillet, or garland: specifi- 
cally, among the ancient Greeks and Komaus. a 
band or fillet used as a dec- 
oration of sacred persons 
or things, as of priests, 
victims, statues, and al- 
tars. 2. One of the in- 
t'nlir or lappets of a miter. 
3. In oot., an oil-tube, 
or receptacle for oil, found 
in the fruits of most Cm- 
belliferse. They are longi- 
tudinal canals or tubes filled 
with an aromatic or peculiar se- 
cretion. Their usual position is 
In the intervals Iwtween the 
ridges of the fruit, where they 
occur singly or In groups. Their 
number, size, position, etc., are 
of great systematic value. See 
nil 1,,/u, 
... . j 
4. In ;ool., a band; a streak 
or stripe, as of color or tex- 
ture ; a fascia. 
vitiate (vit'at i, a. [< L. ritiutiix, bound with 
a fillet, < vitta, a fillet: see vitta.] Provided 
with or having a vitta or vittas; in lot., also. 
striped longitudinally. 
vittlet, w. An obsolete spelling of victual. 
vitular (vit'u-lar), a. [< L. ritulus, a calf: see 
veal.] Of or pertaining to, or connected with, 
calves Vitular or Titulary apoplexy, apoplexy oc- 
curring in cows during parturition. vitular or Titulary 
fever. .Same as vitular apoplexy. 
vitulary (vit'u-la-ri), . Same as vitular. 
vituline (vit'u-lih), a. [< L. vitulinus, of or 
pertaining to a calf or veal, < vitulitx, a calf: 
see real.] 1. Of or pertaining to a calf or 
veal. 
If a double allowance of vituline brains deserve such 
honor (to be exhibited as a wonder u a double-headed 
calf], there are few commentators on Shakespeare that 
would have gone afoot. 
Lowell, Among my Books, 1st ser., p. 1S7. 
2. Like a calf in some respect : as. the ritiiliin- 
seal, the common harbor-seal, f'lioca vitulina. 
vituperable (vi-tu'pe-ra-bl), a. [< ME. ritiijier- 
able, < OF. vituperable = Sp. vitujifrable = Pg. 
vitupcravel = It. vitujterabile, < L. vitu)terabilix, 
blamable, < vituperare, blame : see vitujirrale. \ 
Deserving of or liable to vituperation ; cen- 
surable ; olameworthy. Carton. 
vituperate (vi-tu'pe-rat), r. /. ; pret. and pp. 
vituperated, ppr. vitinicrating. [< L. vitui>eratvx. 
pp. of vitupcrare (> It. vituperare = Pg. Sp. n- 
tuperar = F. vituperer), blame, censure, < ritium . 
fault, defect, + pai'are, furnish, provide, con- 
trive.] To address abusive language to ; timl 
fault with abusively ; abuse verbally ; rate : 
objurgate. 
The Incensed priests . . . continued to raise their voices, 
vituperating each other in bad Latin. 
Scott, Ivanhoe, ixxlll. 
The Earl [Leicester] hated Norris more bitterly than be- 
fore, and was perpetually rituperaliny him. 
Notify, Hist Netherlands. II. 514. 
Syn. To revile, vilify, berate, upbraid, rail at. The per- 
son or creature vituperated is directly addressed. 
vituperation (vi-tu-pe-ra'shon), H. [< OF. F. 
i-itiiiieratiou = Sp. tMgMPOMM = Pg. vitn/- 
rf(7o = It. ritn/icr(i-ioiii\ < L. rilni>frutio(ii-), 
blame, censure. < rituperare, blame: see ri'/- 
